Adsorption with bentonite offers an efficient, cost-effective and environmentally friendly method for the treatment of ammonia-phenolic wastewater. Therefore, raw bentonite and organoactivated bentonite with hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) were used as adsorbents for the removal of total ammonia, total phenols and total cyanides from untreated ammonia-phenolic wastewater. Better percent removal of total ammonia (34.64%), total phenols (42.50%) from ammonia-phenolic wastewater was achieved with CTAB activated bentonite compared to raw bentonite. Raw bentonite is recommended for the removal of cyanide ions from ammonia-phenolic wastewater over CTAB activated bentonite. Although both adsorbents give a similar percentage of removal, raw bentonite is considered a cheaper option compared to activated due to additional cost and time, so it would be the choice for removing these ions.

In this scientific research, tomato powder was obtained from two tomato varieties, Pink rock and Big beef, by drying in a dehydrator at two temperatures, namely 50 and 75 °C. The results showed that tomato powder is very rich in phytochemicals, such as lycopene, vitamin C, total phenols. The highest content of vitamin C (mg/100 g of dry matter) was in fresh tomatoes compared to tomato powder, because vitamin C is thermolabile. On the other hand, the highest content of total phenols was 62.916 mg/100 g dry matter, lycopene whose value was 66.6 mg/100 mg, FRAP 4868.75 ?mol Fe/100 g sample in tomato powder dried at 75 °C. Therefore, it can be concluded that tomato powder is rich in antioxidants and that it is recommended in the diet of people when the weather conditions are not suitable for the consumption of fresh tomatoes.

Tomato powder is produced by dehydrating tomatoes. The powder consists of only one ingredient, it represents the specificity of this product, namely dehydrated natural tomatoes. Among other things, drying as a preservation process is considered one of the best methods, because it ensures ease of use, transportation and storage. As part of the canning and processing of fruits and especially vegetables, tomato products have always occupied a very important place due to the organoleptic and culinary properties of these products, and the nutritional value of tomatoes as a raw material. Compared to other types of vegetables, tomatoes have a high yield, with some varieties even over 90%.The most important factor in tomato dehydration is the dehydration temperature as well as the time interval during which the dehydration process is carried out. In the dehydration process, two varieties of fresh tomatoes from the local market were used, which were dehydrated at temperatures of 50 and 75 °C. In parallel, a comparative physicochemical analysis of fresh tomato samples with dehydrated ground samples of tomato powder was performed. All analyzes in this research work were edited three times, and the mean value was used to display the graphical results.

pH represents the concentration of free H+ in pine needles extracts (PNE) and is therefore an important initial parameter in quality control. Electrical conductivity and pH of samples of fresh and stored for 20 days of PNE with black cumin oil and olive oil had values of 0.00 due to the encapsulation of water molecules, pH and electrical conduction was not possible. The pH of the other samples was in a weakly acidic environment because the pH of natural pine needles is 3.8. Electrical conductivity values in all samples except pine needle extract and honey increased during storage. By monitoring the parameters of pH and electrical conductivity in the quality control of PNE, it gives us a significant insight into the physical state of the phases and the way of storage.

In this original scientific paper, the content of crude fiber and total sugars in three different fruit products (cherry compote, rosehip marmalade and plum jam) in correlation with the production process and storage time was examined. All tests were conducted in the Laboratory of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Tuzla. The test results showed that in all fruit products a higher content of non-reducing sugars than reducing and sucrose was recorded. Also, the highest content of crude fiber was obtained in the S5 sample for rosehip marmalade and was 1.11%, while the lowest was recorded in the S1 sample for cherry compote and was 0.011%.

The aim of this study was to examine the content of total soluble substance (TSS), total acidity (TA), pH, ascorbic acid content (vitamin C) and total phenols in fresh strawberries, as well as in strawberries stored for 10 days by freezing. Chemical characterization of fresh and frozen strawberries was done on four different varieties: Clery, Maya, Asia, Joly grown in the area of Čelić, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The obtained results showed that frozen strawberries have slightly lower values of TSS, pH, vitamin C, while the content of TA and total phenols was slightly higher in frozen strawberries than in fresh ones, which can be attributed to increasing acidity.

Using natural and modified Ca-bentonite as an adsorbent to observe a satisfactory trend in the removal of heavy metal ions As(V) and Hg(II) from simulated wastewaters. In this original scientific paper, Ca-bentonite was modified in two ways, thermally activated at a temperature of 300 °C for 3 hours and acid activated with HCl and H2SO4, molar concentrations 0,4 mol/L. Ca-bentonite used in this original scientific work was used from the Shipovo mine (Šipovo mine), Bosnia and Herzegovina and proved to be an excellent bioadsorbent for the removal of present ions from simulated wastewaters. Also this is eco-friendly adsorbent and low costed compared to other expensive adsorbents. Due to its chemical composition in which two oxides predominate, namely SiO2 (48.28 mass %) and Al2O3 (23.04 mass%), it can be concluded that Ca-bentonite from the Shipovo mine (Šipovo mine), Bosnia and Herzegovina belongs to the group of refractory materials. The highest removal efficiency of As(V) ions expressed in % was 75.11 at the initial concentration of 1.5 mg/L and was recorded using HCl acid-activated Ca-bentonite. The efficiency of Hg(II) ion removal was the highest using thermally activated Ca-bentonite and this value was 99.66% at an initial concentration of 1 mg/L.

In this paper, three complexes with 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) were synthesized, their spectral analysis was performed and the antimicrobial effect was examined in vitro. The stoichiometric ratio of the complex was determined conductometrically and spectrophotometrically. FTIR and UV/VIS spectroscopy were used for structural characterization. Antimicrobial activity was examined by diffusion technique on selected gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and C. albicans. Square planar and octahedral geometry complexes were synthesized by mixing in a molar ratio of 1:2 (M:L). Based on the spectral data, it is concluded that both oxygen and nitrogen atoms from 8-HQ are involved in the formation of the complex. The antimicrobial activity of the complexes is high, with zones of inhibition in the range of 15 - 28 mm. 8-HQ was shown to have a significantly higher ability to inhibit the growth of the tested microorganisms.

In addition to soda, the Solway production process yields large amounts of waste sludge that contains a high percentage of CaCO3 and Ca(OH)2. In this paper, solid waste sludge from a soda factory in Bosnia and Herzegovina of a certain granulation was used to remove metal ions from the binary system initial concentrations of 500 mg/L. The research results showed that the precipitation efficiency for the binary system Cu - Ni was 99.810% at a pH of 11.42 for Cu2+ and 99.896% for Ni2+ at a pH of 10.86, while for the binary system Pb - Zn it was 99.84% at the same pH value of 10.64. This research has shown that it is very difficult to separate and remove metal precipitation from binary systems because the optimal pH for one metal does not correspond to another metal.

The natural plant Cornus mas, sometimes called Cornelian cherry, has been known since ancient times and the fruit is used for various purposes. Cornus mas gives healthy fruits without the use of chemical protection, which are used as healthy, tasty and medicinal food. Cornus mas fruits can be used for eating fresh or in the form of numerous processed products: marmalade, jam, sweet, compote, syrup, juice, fruit yogurt, liqueur, wine and brandy. Due to its antioxidant, antiallergic, antimicrobial and antihistamine properties, it is increasingly used as a dietary supplement, as well as for medical purposes. Taking into account all the above, the aim of this paper is to examine samples of a mixture of honey and fresh wild Cornelian cherry, as well as a sample of honey and Cornelian cherry and determine the physical - chemical parameters: electrical conductivity, pH value, vitamin C content, HMF (hydroxy methyl furfural), as well as individual heavy metals such as iron, cadmium, lead, zinc, copper. Based on the obtained results, appropriate conclusions will be given and the possibility of registering these products as food supplements will be determined.  Based on the performed analyzes, it was shown that the sample of honey and Cornelian cherry mixture had the highest pH value and electrical conductivity, and that the honey sample had the lowest value. Also, the highest value of water activity had the sample of a mixture of honey and Cornelian cherry, while the highest content of hydroxymethylfurfural had the content of Cornelian cherry. The analysis showed the absence of manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in all samples, while it was shown that the highest content of Cu and Zn has the sample of Cornelian cherry 2.665 mg/kg Cu ​​and 14.41 mg/kg Zn, followed by a mixture of Cornelian cherry and honey Cu 2.778 mg/kg, Zn 14.670 mg/kg, while the honey sample has the highest Fe content of 16.72 mg/kg. This shows that the samples are rich in zinc, iron and copper, and that they are a good source for those minerals that could meet daily needs.

Chemical precipitation is a useful conventional process to remove heavy metals from aqueous solutions. In this work, a waste sludge from the Solway process was used as a precipitation agent for the precipitation of Cu (II), Ni (II), Pb (II) and Zn (II) ions with an initial concentration of 50 mg/L. The results of the research showed that the waste sludge from the Solway process completely removed Pb (II) ions from the solution in the pH range of 8.39 -11.74, also good efficiency was shown in other cations. The maximum precipitation efficiency for Cu (II) is 99.890% at pH 10.98, Ni (II) 99.940% at pH 11.81, Zn (II) 99.616% at 10.1. Waste sludge is proved to be a good precipitate for cation separation.

In this paper, the influence of biological acid dough with a strain of lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum) on the properties of the dough and the addition of sourdough on the quality of crackers was investigated. Changes in total titratable acidity and pH were monitored during the fermentation of the sourdough (24 hours). In the dough for the production of gluten-free crackers, the influence of the addition of sourdough on the total titratable acidity and pH value was examined. The content of water, protein, fat, starch, crude fiber, pH value and total titratable acidity was determined by flour samples for the production of gluten-free crackers and gluten-free crackers. The influence of sourdough on the sensory properties of crackers was examined. The mineral composition of zinc was determined and the contribution of the daily recommended intake was assessed. In samples of crackers subjected to storage for 5, 10, 20 and 30 days, a change in water content was monitored. The length of fermentation had a significant impact on the dynamics of pH change and on the total titratable acidity during the fermentation of sourdough. The results of the study showed that the control sample has a higher pH value than the samples with sourdough. The reason for that is the development of acetic acid during fermentation. The change in water content in the crackers over 30 days was significantly higher in the control sample compared to the samples with sourdough. Crackers with sourdough contain a significantly higher percentage of protein, ash, fiber, zinc at the expense of reducing carbohydrates.