Introduction Various side effects and complications in the perioperative period can occur with the use of hyperbaric lidocaine and bupivacaine. Goal Comparative presentation of the occurrence of side effects and complications of hyperbaric lidocaine and bupivacaine during spinal anesthesia in our patients. Methods The study was retrospective and included 178 patients of both sexes. Patients were divided into two groups. In Group I (n-98) hyperbaric lidocaine 5% was used for spinal block. Group II (n-80) was divided into 2 subgroups, A- where hyperbaric Markain 0.5% was used (n-51), and B (n-29) where hyperbaric Sensorkain 0.75% was used. In the study, we analyzed gender, age, block onset, and complications. Results There were 98 patients in Group I, 79 males and 19 females. There were 80 patients in Group II, 69 males and 11 females. The mean age of patients in Group I was 44.96 and in Group II 48.16 years. There was no statistically significant difference in the age of patients in both groups p> 0.05 (p = 0.2321). The occurrence of spinal block occurred significantly faster in Group I compared to group II (p <0.0001), and in subgroup B faster than in subgroup A (p <0.005). The clinical occurrence of complications and side effects during spinal anesthesia is somewhat more common in spinal block with 5% lidocaine. Conclusion The compared incidence of adverse perioperative clinical effects and complications after administration of hyperbaric lidocaine and bupivacaine in spinal anesthesia was not statistically significant.

Background: During the plateletpheresis procedure the number of thrombocytes in the donor’s blood significantly decreases, and the levels of the hematocrit, hemoglobin, and leukocyte diminish as well. Influence of the cell separator is one of the factors that affects the levels of HCT, Hgb and WBC. Objective: In this study, the goal was to determine the value difference of HCT, Hgb, WBC, and platelets after the platelet pheresis process between performance on Fenwal AMICUS and on COBE Spectra LRS Methods: The criteria for participation: male in the age range of 25-45. We have formed two groups: group I–180 separation were performed on 60 participants were the values of hematocrits, concentration of hemoglobin and number of leukocytes ware established before and after separation using the single-needle intermitent flow cell separation (SN-IFCS) on the Fenwal AMICUS device. Group II – presented 180 separation that were performed on 60 participants, were the values of hematocrits, concentration of hemoglobin and number of leukocytes ware established before and after separation using double-needle continuous flow cell separation (SN-IFCS) on the COBE Spectra LRS. device. To confirm the statistical differences we have used Student t-test for independent or dependent samples, as well as Mann-Whitney U test as non-parametric alternative. To compare differences between the values of four parameters (P1-P2) from two groups (using two devices–Fenwal AMICUS and Fresenius Com Tec) we have performed the ANOVA variance analyze. The possibility of errors were accepted for α<0,05, and the difference between groups as statistical relevant were accepted for p<0,05. Results Statistically significant lower values were noted for all researched parameters after separation on both devices (Fenwal AMICUS and COBE Spectra LRS). Comparing the parameters of hematocrit, leukocytes and hemoglobin’s, we found a statistical significant difference in the decrease of the parameter’s value after separation, there was a significant decrease change in using COBE Spectra LRS cell separator compared to using Fenwal AMICUS cell separator with the same procedure. For the platelets (Plt) there was no statistical significant difference (p> 0,05-α=0,05), between average level obtained using either Fenwal AMICUS or COBE Spectra LRS. Conclusion: The type of cell separator had the influence on the decrease value of the observed parameters.

Introduction Scott Aarskog syndrome is an X-linked disorder characterised by short stature, hypertelorism, shawl scrotum in boys and brachydactyly. Syndrome is a genetic abnormality and the condition cannot be cured by optimal way. Aims The aim of this paper is to describe an extremely rare syndrome especially with mild mental retardation. Methods In two cases, the twin brothers and cousins girls where genetically established Scott Aarskog syndrome were made IQ tests in relation to the age of the children. Normally at this syndrome is very rare mental retardation. Results Boys with Scott Aarskog syndrome have had a rounded face with a broad forehead, but girls has no had. IQ test results showed that the twins, seven years old had IQ 69 or 71, a girl six years ald girl cousin 78. Affected twin brothers also have an abnormally long groove in the upper lip or philtrum and a broad nasal bridge. Tissue webbing between fingers and joint hypermobility with a pronounced hyperextension, flexion of the interphalangeal joints and brachydactyly in girl and both boys. The major signs of this X-linked condition are short stature. Musculoskeletal anomalies such as cervical vertebral anomalies, discrete spina bifida occulta, mild pectus excavatum, milder genu recurvatum, moderate joint restriction were presented in all three children relatives. Conclusions The prognosis of this disease is very bad with something shorter life, reduced everyday abilities for regular jobs, and in this case less severe retardation with disabilities to attend regular school and obtaining the title of the working capacity. Usually IQ in children is normal so this is a rare case that still occurs in Scott Aarskog syndrome.

Background The most common illness caused by parvovirus B19 infection is ‘fifth disease’, a mild rash illness that occurs most often in children. The infection often results in no obvious illness. It commonly infects children and typically causes a mild rash that may resemble a “slapped-cheek”. Other symptoms that can occur include joint pain (arthralgia), fever and general flu-like symptoms. Methods Children who are at risk of severe parvovirus complications might benefit from blood tests that can help determine if they’re immune to parvovirus or if they’ve recently become infected. Most cases of slapped cheek syndrome diagnosed by making a visual examination of the distinctive rash. No further testing was usually required in children during three years period 2009–2011 in capital town of Bosnia, Sarajevo. Results Parvovirus infection in children with anemia may stop the production of red blood cells and cause an anemia crisis. Children with severe anemia may need to be hospitalized and receive blood transfusions. Percentage of hospitalized of parvivirus infections in children with anaemia is 19% in Bosnian preschool children, what is only less 1% of complications in this disease. Conclusions Fifth disease can cause fetal anemia, which if undetected can have severe consequences. Several days after the appearance of early symptoms, a distinctive bright red facial rash may appear usually on both cheeks. In most children, parvovirus infection is mild and requires little treatment. Slapped cheek is actually the Parvovirus B19 that only affects humans, especially younger children.

Introduction Migration refers to the movement of persons or children from an origin place to a destination place across some pre-defined, political boundary. Since the 1995s after war, Bosnia and Herzegovina has continued being a country of mass children immigration from Sandjak, Kosovo, Serbia, Monte Negro and sporadic immigration from China. Methods The presence of tuberculosis disease in the Immigrants children or foreign-born child should prompt the pediatricians to collect appropriate specimens to recover an organism. We conducted a secondary data analysis focusing on immigrants children sampled in the 1995 through 2010 versions of the National Bosnian Children Health Records Survey. Results The increase in tuberculosis among Gypsy children in Sarajevo coincided with similar increases in immigration into Bosnia and Herzegovina. Medical records were available for review to assess adequately potential missed opportunities to prevent tuberculosis in children from Sandjak in only 1.5% of cases and Gypsies in 33% cases. Most children with drug-resistant tuberculosis were Gypsy (18.1%) or Chinese Asian (11.2%), and 16.4% of children or their parents were from a Bosnia and Herzegovina regions in which tuberculosis is highly endemic as Sarajevo Canton mountain area. Conclusions Pediatricians should be aware of the special health problems as tuberculosis for which immigrant children are at risk. Immigration poses unique stresses on children and families. There were no significance difference between incidence of tuberculosis and resistence on therapy between children from Sandjak and Bosnia but that differences were higher in case of Gypsies children.

Background Examples of semi-contact sports include karate and its benefite influence on asthma in childhood. Specific treatment for asthma will be determined by pediatrician based on children age, overall health, medical history, extent of the disease, tolerance for specific medications, procedures, or therapies and expectations for the course of the disease. Aims A target of this article is showing benefit of karate training in preschool ages on asthma management and course of disease. Methods To verify the efficacy of karate on asthma, a complex psychomotor activity that enhances pulmonary capacity and lungs volume, and breathing regulations, as an intervention for asthma curing, ten children with asthma, ranging in age from five to seven years, and meeting diagnostic criteria for children asthma disorder were studied during two years period 2010–2011. Results A higher prevalence of asthma has been reported in athletes specially in karate clubs for younger children but with better control of asthma. Risk ofasthma decreased with number of years of training (odds ratio 2.02; 95% confidence interval 1.60–3.03; p<0.0001), number of hours per week (odds ratio 1.74; CI 1.11–2.21; p=0.015) and rank, specifically brown green belt versus lower belts (odds ratio 3.53; CI 2.82–6.28; p=0.007). Conclusions Karate is a relatively safe sport for preschool children and younger schoolers when properly taught and optimize for asthma management. These training principles are perhaps most useful early in a children patient’s course when the setting of appropriate expectations is important in minimizing restrictions from treatment and karate activity.