ANALYSIS OF GENOTOXICITY OF CEFTRIAXONE IN HUMAN LYMPHOCYTE CULTURES

I ntroduction : Genotoxic effect of ceftriaxone, a antibiotic of the third generation cephalosporins, have been evaluated. Metods: In vitro analysis included evaluation of the genotoxic and cytotoxic potential of different test ceftriaxone in concentrations of 0.15, 0.25 and 0.50mg/mL. Genotoxic potential was evaluated by using the cytokinesis block-micronucleus cytome assay in cell of cultivated human peripheral blood lymphocyte cells. Results: Results of the analysis on the presence of micronuclei, nuclear buds and nucleoplasmic bridges in 1000 binuclear cells per sample showed that the relative frequency of these indicators increased with increasing concentrations of ceftriaxone in lymphocyte cultures, while there are significant differences in their frequencies relative to controls as determined for each ceftriaxone concentration. Conclusions : Based on these results it can be assumed that ceftriaxone has a genetic potential. The frequency of micronuclei, nucleoplasmic bridges and nuclear buds in cytokinesis-blocked cultures of human peripheral blood lymphocytes increases with increasing concentrations of Ceftriaxone, with a significant difference in their frequencies relative to controls as was determined for each of the concentrations. Ceftriaxone present genotoxic, cytostatic and cytotoxic activity in the applied in vitro cytogenetic tests. Ceftriaxone in lymphocyte culture affects the inhibition of cells proliferation, as confirmed by the decrease of NDI (nuclear division index - indicator of cytostatic effect) and NDCI (nuclear division cytotoxicity index - indicator of cytotoxic effects) compared to the controls.