The paper explores the key role of the last mile in the evolution of supply chains, with a focus on identifying challenges and solutions applied in the last phase of delivery. Today's challenges for logistics operators have significantly evolved over the past two decades due to current and growing trends. With the rise of e-commerce and urbanization, the last mile becomes a crucial point of competition, where fast, customized, and sustainable delivery emerges as an imperative for all involved stakeholders. The paper is divided into three parts. The first part refers to the identification of challenges faced by logistics operators in the last phase of the supply chain. The second part of the paper provides an overview of existing solutions and strategies that can be used to respond to challenges in the last mile of delivery. The third part offers case studies that provide a comparative cost analysis using different strategies in the last mile of delivery. Through the analysis of various solutions and strategies in the final stage of the supply chain, different aspects of efficiency and costs are illuminated in various scenarios. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for shaping the future of delivery that is efficient, sustainable, and tailored to the needs of the modern consumer.

Support channels represent a unique opportunity to improve customer satisfaction by offering a consistent experience in resolving customer issues. Several surveys show that customers have raised their standards of customer support services. While only a few years ago customers willingly waited a long time to speak with one of the service agents and were patient for their problem to be resolved, today’s customers have very limited patience and want a solution to the problem immediately. Customers don’t want to settle for a mediocre support channel experience. Support channels must provide superior service capacities so that customers see that the company values their choice and time. Efficient management of support centers implies accurate modeling of customer behavior on hold. The subject of our research is the application of data research techniques for predicting customer behavior in support channels. In this paper, we apply machine learning methods to predict customer behavior. Based on historical data in the service system, we use classification algorithms to predict customer patience in service channels.

Interaction channels are special opportunities to improve customer satisfaction by offering a consistent problem-solving experience. Contact center employees are the link between the company and the customer. They are responsible for maintaining an appropriate relationship between the company and the customer. So, they are personally responsible for the customer experience. In this paper, we present an objective evaluation method for evaluating customer-agent interaction, i.e., evaluating the effectiveness of the realization of customer requests from calls. The evaluation method is automatic and does not depend on the relationship between the call center manager and the employees. The motivation for evaluating calls stems from the key performance characteristics of a contact center, of which we particularly emphasize service time, first call resolution, handling time, and others.

Interaction channels are unique opportunities to improve customer satisfaction by offering a consistent problem-solving experience. The role of employees in the contact center is to maintain an appropriate relationship between the company and the customer, thus they are personally responsible for the customer experience. In this paper, an objective evaluation method for evaluating customer-agent interaction, i.e. evaluating calls is proposed. The motivation for evaluating calls stems from the key performance characteristics of a contact center.

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a paradigm that aims to connect billions of devices to each other, anywhere and anytime. As IoT will be a ubiquitous technology, its sustainability and environmental impact are very important. Green IoT is considered the ecological future of IoT and plays an important role in which it contributes to improving the quality of life and providing a safe and healthy environment and ecosystem. A systems approach, based on the application of systems knowledge, appropriate methods and tools, provides the basis for observing green IoT through several different aspects by looking at the whole life cycle. This paper focuses on research into green technologies, green applications as well as green IoT infrastructure. It should be noted that this research does not cover the details of the IoT network and the perspective of connectivity, but focuses on the green aspect of the IoT network related to the creation of a hierarchical framework for green IoT. The proposed framework represents a unique view on the implementation of different approaches within green IoT systems, which are focused on the conservation of natural resources, in a way to minimize the impact of technology on human health and the environment.

Air traffic has seen a steady increase in the number of operations in recent years. This increase was not accompanied by an expansion of the system’s capacity to continue operations without significant impacts on the performance and quality of transport services. It is very difficult to expand the airport infrastructure in today’s conditions, so it is necessary to optimize the existing operations to increase the capacity and efficiency of the system. The paper focused on determining the correlation of individual key indicators of airport performance and their impact on delays, which was observed as an output variable. Three machine learning regression methods were applied, Decision Tree, Random Forrest and Support Vector Regression to predict delays with respect to other characteristics of traffic and surrounding airspace. All three methods were able to predict a delay with an error of ±60s in at least 91% of the test set, which shows a clear potential for the use of machine learning in this domain.

The development of information society and broadband Internet is key indicators of social and economic change. They transform the way companies, political systems, and citizens communicate with each other. Today, we talk about various regional and national initiatives to first stabilize and then improve the economies of countries through the development of the Internet and information society. The European Union has recognized information technology as a major factor influencing economic growth and innovation. Among the seven flagship initiatives of the Europe 2020 economic strategy is the Digital Agenda for Europe. This shows the importance that information technologies have in the development of the modern economy. In this paper, we analyze the current state of development of the information society and broadband Internet access in Bosnia and Herzegovina. We highlight the necessity of considering mechanisms for the development of broadband access. We analyzed the current situation and progress in the implementation of the Digital Agenda guidelines in EU countries. The aim of this research is to highlight the advantages of using EU strategic guidelines to improve and develop the current situation in the field of broadband Internet in Bosnia and Herzegovina

In the last few years, we have been active participants in globalization and the rapid growth of online commerce. This trend directly impacts logistics, postal, and courier companies. Challenges are visible in the growth and development of these companies, as well as quality of task execution and the ability to adapt to market conditions. With the impact of the SARS-COV-19 virus on the market, and due to locks during the pandemic, shoppers were forced to buy products online. This effect accelerated the trend of purchases via e-commerce, which increased the number of parcels in the technological phases of pick-up and delivery. These companies are the bearers of the first and last technological phase of shipment transport. Due to the increase in the number of shipments, postal and logistics companies are under great pressure. This is because of certain restrictions introduced during the pandemic, but also because of costs, especially fixed costs in the first and last phase of transport. This paper proposes an outsourcing model for the pick-up and delivery to convert fixed costs into variable ones.