What is the outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) using testicular spermatozoa obtained on the day of oocyte pick-up (OPU) or the day before OPU. Testicular spermatozoa were obtaining the one day before OPU does not affect fertilization rate, top quality embryo on day 3, and blastocyst utilization rate. Usually, TESE is performed just before OPU. OPU is generally cancelled if no sperm is retrieved. The use of fresh testicular spermatozoa, obtained the day before OPU could offer the couple and the caring team both medical and practical advantages. The benefits of this approach, however, has not been evaluated in detail. An uncontrolled preliminary study has revealed that regular fertilization and pregnancy rates could be achieved with sperm extraction performed one day before OPU. This was a single-center retrospective study in Bahceci BIH IVF center. Sixty-six patients suffering from azoospermia from January 2015 to December 2020 were evaluated. TESE was performed either on the OPU day (43 patients; group A) or one day before OPU (23 patients; group B). In this study, primary outcomes were motile spermatozoa at ICSI, fertilization, top quality embryo on day 3, and blastocyst utilization rate. Statistical analyses were performed with chi-squared tests. There is no statistical difference fertilization rate (72.3% vs. 72.2, p > 0.05), top quality embryo rate on day 3 (58.3% vs 58.3%, p > 0.05) and blast utilization rate (43.98% vs 49.58%, p > 0.05) between group A and B, respectively. The retrospective nature of this study may not eliminate potential bias. On the contrary, the strength of our study is that all procedures were performed by the same operators, so there are no operator-dependent differences. More research is needed to prove our findings. Wider implications of the findings: TESE procedure can be performed one day before OPU without compromising success. 1

Introduction: Main categorisation of azospermic is in two grups: nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) and obstructive azoospermia (OA). We had evaluation of prognostic factors and determinants in sperm retrieval procedures in azoospermic patients. Methods: Retrospective evaluation observed 21 selected patients with NOA and OA azoospermia, after that complete history, physical examination with ultarsound volume of testis and hormonal profile. Hormonal profile included: follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosteron (T) and prolactin (P) serum levels. Also karyotype and Y-deletion analysis were done and analyzed. Results: 9 OA patients (42,9%) were undergone for TESE operation and 12 NOA patients (57,1%) for Micro-TESE operation. All TESE procedures were positive (100%). Micro-TESE in 12 selected NOA patients, 5 patients (41,6%) were positive and 7 patients (58,4%) negative. Patients testicular size, serum FSH and testosterone level showed correlation in success of sperm retrieval procedures. Conclusion: TESE is elected procedure for obstructive azospermia (OA). Micro-TESE is appropriate sperm retrieval procedurec for patients with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) and correlate with high FSH and small volume of testis.

Introduction: To present results of MicroTese procedure in treatment of male infertility in patients with azoospermia at Bahçeci BIH IVF Center during two-year period of 2013-2014. Methods: In the stated time-period, 55 MicroTese surgeries were performed. In 52.7% of the cases, sperm cells were isolated after MicroTese surgery, and in 47.3% of the cases, there was a negative outcome of the procedure. Obtained sperm cells were subjected to cryopreservation. Furthermore, ICSI procedure was performed by use of the obtained sperm cells. Results: Of 29 positive MicroTese surgeries, 21 (72.4%) resulted in clinical pregnancies. Biggest percentage of negative MicroTese procedures happened in patients with cryptorchidism and orchidopexy. Conclusion: MicroTese is the most precise and successful method of retrieving sperm cells surgically in men with azoospermia. Our results are within scope of results in referent world centers.