Introduction Posttraumatic stress disorder in the paediatric population has clinical features. The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5,child and adolescent version (CAPS-CA-5) is the gold standard for the positive diagnosis. Objectives The objectives of our work were to translate the CAPS-CA-5 into Tunisian dialectal Arabic and to validate it in our Tunisian sociocultural context. Methods This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the child psychiatry department of Mongi Slim Hospital and the forensic medicine department of Charles-Nicolle Hospital (Tunisia), among children older than seven years who were exposed to a potentially traumatic event at least one month before. We validated the tool through translation, content, construct validity and reliability. The statistical processing for this data was carried out using SPSS 26 software. Results We conducted our study with 150 patients. The validation was made on 146 records after the exclusion of 4 incompleted assessments. We initially translated the CAPS-CA-5 into Tunisian dialect. We validated the content through pre-test and scientific committee evaluation. Afterwards, we validated the construction. We calculated the Bartlett’s sphericity test (p<0.001) .The KMO index that was 0.766. Concerning the reliability study, we found a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient equal to 0.92. We studied also the inter-raters reliability; we found an intra-class coefficient between 0.8 and 1 Conclusions We validated the first Tunisian diagnostic tool for PTSD in children according to the DSM-5 criteria with satisfactory psychometric qualities. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Introduction Developmental predisposition to schizophrenia can be a consequence of early experienced traumas. Transgenerational trauma is process in which traumatic experience of one generation is passed on to the next generation. Objectives To show connection between transgenerational transmission of trauma and development of schizophrenia. Methods Psychiatric interview, psychological testing. Results Patient G.E. age 29, admitted to Psychiatry Clinic due to altered behavior, aggressiveness and presence of delusions and hallucinations. First mental problems in form of a catatonic stupor appeared 6 years ago. Patient has history of earlier abuse of psychoactive substances. A drug test performed at admission was negative. Patient was born in Srebrenica in 1993, he escaped to Tuzla with his mother in July 1995, while father survived escaping on foot. Patient is a first child from his father’s second marriage. The father’s first wife and two minor children were shot by Bosnian Serbs in early 1992. Patient was born a year and a half after death of his siblings and was named after his half-sister. Patient’s father consumed alcohol after the war and was aggressive towards children. In the last two years, patient had frequent hallucinations, he told his parents that voices were telling him to kill his mother and told his father that his children were still alive. Diagnostic processing was performed and diagnosis of schizophrenia was stated. During hospitalization, patient was treated with olanzapine and low doses of haloperidol, along with haloperidol decanoate, which resulted in significant reduction of productive psychotic symptoms. A partial remission is achieved, negative schizophrenic symptoms and cognitive impairments verified by psychological instruments remain. Conclusions Case report emphasize transgenerational transmission of trauma: father‘s untreated trauma, alcohol dependency and abuse of the patient in childhood. These findings are important for treatment and therapeutic considerations. Mentalizing is a possible mediator between childhood abuse and negative symptoms. Parental bonding was explored within high expressed emotions theory as a risk factor for relapse to psychosis, especially the “affectionless control” in the parental (mainly father‘s) bonding style. Studies also stated that psychotic patients often show insecure attachment representations. Possible pathway for further analysis could be discussed: a cold parental bonding style leading to experienced emotional neglect and attachment avoidance might be reflected in lower capacity to mentalize. To improve the mentalization capacity, it would be essential to establish a sustainable therapeutic treatment frame. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

The aim of this research was to examine the connection of body mass index of eighth grade students and their results in motor abilities test, with the purpose of gaining insight in which tests is that connection more or less expressed, or there isn’t any. The sample of subjects consisted of 66 male and 64 female students from four elementary schools from the Varaždin city area, who attended eighth grade in the school year of 2018/2019 For data analysis, the results of the final testing of motor abilities were used. The sample of variables consisted of six motor tests and two anthropometrical measures, student’s age and their body mass index. For all 10 variables the basic descriptive parameters were calculated (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum), both for female and male students. Further data processing was done by linear regression analysis – 6 x regression analysis for each motor ability. The results of the regression analysis in male students showed statistically significant connection of body mass index and four variables (standing long jump, shuttle run with carrying objects, sit and reach and pull-up hold), while in female students the connection was significant only in two variables (standing long jump and pull-up hold). Overweight and obesity of children and adolescents is a growing phenomenon all over the world. Motor abilities are an important indicator of physical activity and one of the possible indicators of the level of fitness. Overweight and obesity, as well as underweight, negatively influence the condition and development of motor abilities, and the role of Physical education classes are of great importance in prevention and promotion of healthy living habits of students.

BACKGROUNDS Written historical evidence reveals that Cannabis sativa has been used medically, recreationally and spiritually for more than five centuries in many cultures. It is considered the most-used plant-based psychoactive substance with millions of different usages across the world. To review what the studies, conducted over the past two decades, indicate about effects of the cannabis on physical and mental health as well as the impact on social functioning. METHODS We selected literature review using PubMed resources, to summarize the findings of the existing publications on cannabis and cannabinoids and their possible psychopharmacological therapeutic effects only. RESULTS Research supports cannabis' clear acute effect on neurocognition, while non-acute effects for prolonged use of marijuana are unclear and still insufficiently explored. Due to cannabidiol's (CBD) safety and tolerability, the absence of psychoactive or cognitive effects, the existence of clinical trials with positive results and its broad pharmacological spectrum, CBD is a cannabinoid whose initial results will likely lead to implementation into clinical practice. The fact that the results of previous studies establish the claim of CBD as an antipsychotic and anxiolytic, makes the above developments even more likely. However, long-term, double-blind, placebo studies with samples of patients with different psychotic and anxiety disorders are still necessary. Likewise, due to CBD's biphasic effects, determining an adequate therapeutic dose remains a challenge to conclude, the cannabinoid system represents a promising target for new therapeutic interventions in psychiatry. CONCLUSION Further controlled studies are essential to determine the precise mechanisms of action of cannabinoids on various neuropsychiatric disorders as well as the safety of their use are needed. Never just the use of 'smoking cannabis in an unlicenced way'. The use of simple 'smoked cannabis' remains dangerous because of the effects on inducing psychosis which the article itself refers to, and needs to remain illegal.

BACKGROUND Indian hemp (lat. Cannabis sativa subs. Indica) has been used as a source of industrial fiber, seed oil, food, medicine for some somatic diseases, and it is also used as a psychoactive substance. Cannabis can be used by smoking, evaporation, as a food ingredient, or as an extract. Acute and chronic cannabis use has been shown to be detrimental to several aspects of psychological and physical health and many experimental studies done on healthy people indicate the potential of Δ9- tetra hydro cannabinoid (THC) in inducing transient, dose-dependent psychotic symptoms, but also affective, behavioral, cognitive, neurovegetative, and psychophysical symptoms. Cannabis is the most commonly used illegal drug globally. In many communities, cannabis is perceived as a low-risk drug, leading to political lobbying to decriminalize its use. The wave of laws and initiatives to liberalize cannabis use continues to spread across the United States and the rest of the world, and there seems to be a political debate in the background about the potential risks and benefits of cannabis use. Aim is to present the possible consequences that the legalization of cannabis would have from the aspect of mental health and mental disorders. METHODS Authors reviewed the literature using PubMed resources on the effects of cannabis using the keywords: cannabis use, cannabis use and psychoticism, cannabis use and depression, cannabis use and anxiety, cannabis use and cognition, cannabis use and insomnia, legalization of cannabis. RESULTS Authors examined the effects of cannabis use on psychiatric disorders and the review of the legal status of cannabis use in the world was also made. The possible consequences of cannabis legalization on the public health system were also considered, based on experiences from countries where legalization has already been done. The evidence cited in this article suggests that strong claims about the need to legalize cannabis are still questionable, and may, even in the long run, remain mixed, inconclusive, or even contradictory. Political interference in this issue can trigger a wide range of unintended but profound and lasting consequences for the health system and the health of the individual. CONCLUSION We recommend further research on this topic and data collection with an emphasis on the effects and consequences of cannabis use on mental health, and in particular the benefits and harmful effects of medical cannabis use.

Ibn Sina (Avicenna) is primarily known for his philosophy and medicine, but there is almost no scientific discipline in which this great man didn't leave a significant mark. This paper gives a brief review of his contributions to medicine, especially to psychiatry. Medical works of Ibn Sina represent a pinnacle of most important medical achievements of his time. These works contain synthesis of all Greek, Indian and Iranian medical schools, but also new breakthroughs achieved by Muslim scholars through their own experimentation and practice. Although he wrote many medical works, his most important one is El-Kanun fit-tib, which can be translated as The Canon of Medicine. It's made out of five books which systematically show everything known in the area of medicine up until that point in time. In it, Ibn Sina discusses, among other things, the structure of psychological apparatus of human being and the connection of psychological functions with the brain as well as the role of psyche in etiology of somatic diseases. He also describes certain psychiatric diseases along with the explanation of their etiology and recommended therapy. He considered psychology to be very important for medicine, so in his psychological works he discusses, in great detail, the essence of human soul, consciousness, intellect and other psychological functions.

INTRODUCTION The eleventh revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) is planned to be published in 2018. So called, "beta version" of the chapter of mental and behavioral disorders (ICD-11) is already available and it is considered that there will be no significant deviations in the final version. The DSM-5 was released in 2013. Changes related to mental disorders in child and adolescent psychiatry have been made in both of these classifications. To identify changes in the classifications of mental disorders in childhood and adolescent age in beta version of ICD-11 and DSM-5. METHODS Review of mental disorders in childhood and adolescent age and their classification in ICD-11 and DSM-5. RESULTS For disorders that are classified as "mental retardation" in ICD-10, a new term "intellectual development disorders" has been introduced in ICD-11, ie "intellectual disabilities" in DSM-5. Hyperactivity disorders and attention deficit is a separate entity in relation to ICD-10, in which it is classified as a hyperkinetic disorder. Asperger's syndrome, which is isolated from autism spectrum disorders in DSM-5, does not appear under that name in ICD-11 either. Elimination disorders are in a separate block MKB-11 and DSM-5. Speech and language disorders are classified as communication disorders in the DSM-5 classification. Selective mutism and anxiety separation disorder in childhood are in the block of anxiety and fear-related disorders in ICD-11, and among anxiety disorders in DSM-5, respectively. Reactive emotional disorder and disinhibited attachment disorder of childhood are classified as stress-related disorders in ICD-11 and DSM-5. CONCLUSIONS The new classifications (ICD-11 and DSM-5) classify mental disorders in child and adolescent psychiatry somewhat differently from their antecedents. New entities have also been formed.