Introduction: Cigarette or hookah smoking, as well as alcohol consumption and abuse, are considered to be the most common etiological factors for the onset of oral cavity diseases, such as changes on the lips, tongue, stomatopyrosis, glossopyrosis, candidiasis. Aim: Research aims to determine the harmful effect of smoking the hookah as well as other harmful factors on the oral health of the student population of the Faculty of Dentistry in Sarajevo. Methods: The fourth, fifth, and sixth-year students of the Faculty of Dentistry in Sarajevo participated in this cross-sectional study. All of them are systemically healthy and consume some harmful habits: smoking cigarettes, alcohol consumption, and hookah. All students participated in the study voluntarily and they signed informed consent before the clinical examination. All the subjects gave an extensive medical history which recorded all the data on oral hygiene, harmful habits, manner and length of consumption; they were also given a clinical examination of the oral mucosa and the periodontium, as well as determining periodontal indices, and oral tests that are used for diagnostic purposes. The data is entered into work charts specially designed for these purposes. Results: The results are statistically processed in the SPSS Statistics 21.0 program and are discussed along with the results of other authors, published in relevant databases. Conclusion: The conclusion consists of important facts that originate from the results and the discussion.

Considering the intensivity of growth and development of the child in its first year, we might say that this is very dramatic period. Very complex processes of development of orofacial structures occur in the first year. Based on series of investigations, contemporary dental medicine is paying full attention to prevention of oral diseases. New attitude is that preventive measures should be undertaken as early as in the first year of the child's life. Prevention of oral diseases in infancy consists of parental education, adequate diet, oral hygiene and fluoridation. It is important to stress that a attending of dentist at the age of 12 months should not be missed, for there is a lot of important instructions for parents to get, considering future oral health of their child. This means that the children in their first year are very desirable patients for the dentist and preventive measures undertaken at this age will have significant effects on their oral health through their whole life.