Introduction: Tumor microenvironment plays a significant role in tumor progression. Tumor stroma is one of the strongest modifiers of tumor cell response, cancer behavior, and cancer progression. This study aimed to investigate the correlation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression and tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) with standard clinicopathological parameters in different molecular subtypes of breast cancer.Methods: Ninety biopsy samples of primary breast cancer diagnosed at the Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Sarajevo, were selected for this study. The molecular subtype was determined based on the immunohistochemical expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, and Ki-67. Stromal and tumoral MMP-9 immunohistochemical expression and the TSR were determined for each tumor.Results: Tumoral MMP-9 expression correlated positively with the presence of lymphovascular invasion (p= 0.016). TSR showed significant association and correlation with tumor grade (G) (p= 0.031; p= 0.049) and tumor size (pT) (p = 0.049;p= 0.021, respectively). Stromal MMP-9 expression correlated with histologic type, histologic grade of tumor, and lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate (p= 0.021;p= 0.047, p= 0.038, respectively). A higher percentage of stromal MMP-9 expression correlated with the strongest lymphocytic response (p = 0.007). Significant correlation was observed between molecular subtypes and histologic grade of the tumor (p= 0.032).Conclusion: Our results, to some extent, confirm the significance of the tumor microenvironment in breast cancer, especially when it is about stromal MMP-9 expression. Although we observed significant association, without linear correlation, we found no significant correlation between molecular subtypes of breast cancer and MMP-9 expression.

Background: To prove the frequency of thrombocytosis in patients with cancer, and the importance of anticoagulant therapy. Thrombocytosis represents an elevated platelet count of more than 350,000/mm 3 which is one of the risk factors for venous thromboembolism. Methods: This study has analyzed 146 patients who were hospitalized at the Oncology Clinic of the University Clinical Centre, Banja Luka and the Day Oncology Hospital “S.tetik”, Banja Luka in the period between 2009 and 2014. These were patients with breast tumor, gastrointestinal or gynecological malignancies. Thrombocytosis was detected in 38 patients in the moment of diagnosing. All examinees were analyzed by sex, age, primary site of tumor, presence of comorbidity, relevant laboratory analyses, clinical stage of the disease (metastatic or localized disease). Results: In the observed sample of 146 patients, thrombocytosis was detected in 38 patients in the moment of diagnosing the disease (26%). Through the follow-up, DVT (deep venous thrombosis) was found in 13 patients (34.2%) and anticoagulant therapy was administered. Out of patients who were not on anticoagulant therapy because they had no thrombotic manifestations (25 patients, 65.8%), 2 ended up experiencing the development of a clinical presentation of massive pulmonary embolism with fatal outcome. Conclusions: The occurrence of thromboembolism significantly increases morbidity and mortality, as well as the total cost of treating cancer patients. Regardless of the fact that cancer patients are at a high risk of thromboembolic events, thromboembolic prophylaxis has not been adopted as a standard therapeutic modality because of potential bleeding.

Background: Gastric cancer, by the definition of World Health Organization (WHO), is a malignant epithelial tumor of mucosa of the stomach with glandular differentiation. Objective of this Scientific paper was to maintain the relation of expression of HER2 protein and hystological type of cancer according to Lauren in gastric cancer. Methods: In this research, archival samples of tissues of gastric cancer are used from 60 patients that have been obtained after subttotal or total Gastrectomy with a regional lymphadenectomy of lymph nodes. The most representative tissue samples of gastric cancer tissues are selected by the standard hematoxylin-eosin staining method which are cut again by using a microtome and treated by immunohistochemistrical technique with antibody on the HER2 according to the protocol of the producer and then evaluated by light-microscopic and again evaluated by a modified system of scoring the HER2 positivity of surgical resections. In the data processing, descriptive statistics and nonparametric test of significance respectively. Chi square test and one sample T-test, and also correlation tests respectively Pearson test of correlation. Results: Statistical analysis of expression of HER2 protein according to hystological type of gastric cancer done by chi-square test, does not show significant relation between these two variables (x 2 =4,900). Analysis by using one sample T-test does not show statistical significance (t=1.1880), and analysis by using Pearson test of correlation shows negative correlation that is not statistically significant (r= -0.029) between these two tested parameters. Conclusions: Expression of HER2 protein by using an univariate statistical method according to Pearson has shown a negligible negative correlation without statistical significance according to histological type by Lauren.

Upravljanje znanjem od posebnog je znacaja za mala i srednja poduzeca (MSP) te može znatno unaprijediti poslovanje i poslovni inovacijski kapacitet. Međutim, uobicajena metodologija upravljanja znanjem cesto je previse formalna, komplicirana, dugotrajna i skupa za MSP- e. Web 2.0 tehnologija koja obuhvaca primjenu drustvenih mreža u svrhu komunikacije, suradnje i dijeljenja znanja unutar samog poduzeca ili među poduzecima nudi goleme konkurentske prednosti u obliku razvoja inovacija, produktivnosti, brzine i smanjenja troskova za poduzeca koja prihvate taj novi pristup.

Neoplasms with perivascular epitheloid cell differentiation are very rare mesenchymal tumors, composed of histologically and immunohistochemically different perivascular epitheloid cells. They includes angiomyolipoma (AML), clear cell \\"sugar\\" tumor of the lungs (CCST), lymphangiomyomatosis (LAM), clear cell myomelanocyte tumor of the falciform ligament / ligamentum teres (CCMMT) and unusual clear cell tumor of pancreas, rectum, abdominal serosa, uterus, external female genital organs, upper thigh and heart. Some of these lesions were classified, according to WHO classification, as renal (AML), liver (AML) and pulmonary (CCST, LAM) tumors. Neoplasms with perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation other than angiomyolipoma (AML), clear cell \\"sugar\\" tumors of the lung (CCST) and lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) are extremely rare. Here we presented the case of neoplasm with perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation (PEComa) in 50 years old patient. She underwant laparotomy, we found retrovesical mass 10 cm in diametar. The tumor displayed the typical morphological and immunohistochemical features of a perivascular epithelioid cell tumor.

Pulmonary thromboembolism is imitative disease that occupies the attention of doctors of various specialties. This paper presents a case of a young woman in which the first symptom of pulmonary thromboembolism occurs epileptic attack with a deep cerebral coma. Pulmonary thromboembolism is an obstruction of the pulmonary circulation caused by a blood clot. PTE is the third most common cardiovascular disease after ischemic heart disease and stroke. It is imitative disease that occupies the attention of doctors of various specialties. The incidence of venous thromboembolism (deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism) in the general population is about 1-2 ‰ per year (1-2 patients per 1000 population per year), while the incidence of hospitalized patients is significantly higher due to the increased risk of venous thrombosis occurs and estimated to about 20%, and even up to 70%. Mortality of pulmonary thromboembolism was in the past and up to 30%, and now mortality is about 2.5%, even 18% if it is followed by shock 1 . The disease occurs depending on age, ranging from 0.03% in patients younger than 50 years, to 0.4% in persons over 50 years 1 . Epidemiological data indicate that more than 95% of cases of pulmonary embolism caused by embolization of the clot from the deep

Croatia is increasingly investing in higher education as a means of promoting economic development and prosperity and creating a knowledge- based society. The country is also working to implement reforms to higher education required by the European Union's Bologna Process. Bologna reforms are being promoted through a number of projects, including the introduction of a three-cycle system of higher education ; new processes for recognising foreign qualifications ; new systems for assessing and improving the quality of higher education ; new systems of higher education credits and modularisation ; and the exploration of possibilities for promoting mobility among higher education staff and students. This chapter reports on a survey of employers that was undertaken as part of the 2006/07 Tempus project, Furtherance of Bologna Promotion in Croatia.