The aim of this paper was genetic and pomological characterization of total autochthonous gene pool of sweet chestnut in Bosnia and Herzegovina, conserved in situ and selection of the most valuable of genotypes. The sample was consisted of 130 trees from three locations: 50 from northwestern Bosnia, 50 from northern Herzegovina and 30 from eastern Bosnia. All pomological characteristics showed a very high variability. Fruit weight ranged from 2.4 to 12.7 g. The average fruit weight was 6.26 g, which points to the necessity of introducing breeding programs. Microsatellite markers (13 loci) were used for genetic analysis. The average number of alleles for the total sample and all loci was 5.3077, the number of genotypes 9.5385, while the value of the informative test on the contents of polymorphism content was 0.4911. The results of the analysis of heterogeneity showed a significant discrepancy between the observed and expected heterozygosity. The trees with high pomological values have been selected for the further selection.

The application of pesticides is a necessary measure in the cultivation of grapevine. Fungicides, in comparison to other pesticides, are the most often used in vineyards due to the sensitivity of grapevine on the most common diseases caused by pathogenic fungi (Plasmopara viticola, Uncinula necator and Botrytis cinerea), which reduce the yield and quality of grapes. Frequent use and misuse regardless respecting of preharvest period, causes acumulation of fungicide active substances in grapes, and then their transfer into the wine. In this paper the results of the residues of folpet in two most frequently grown varieties of wine grape (Žilavka and Blatina) from plantation cultivation and in the small vineyard are presented. The device GC/MS Agilent 7890A/5975C and analysis method UNI EN 15662:2009 QuEChERS was used for determination of residues of folpet. Determined concentrations of residues of folpet in grapes of Žilavka and Blatina grown in 2011 in two plantations and in the small family vineyard were below the MRL value (Maximum Residue Levels) determined for folpet with Regulation (EC) No. 396/2005, which for wine grapes is 5 mg / kg as well with Regulations on the quantities of pesticides and the other toxic substances, hormones, antibiotics and mycotoxins that may be present in food ("Official gazette of SFRJ", No. 59/83 and 79/87) that for folpet is 2 mg/kg.

Aim of this study was to select the genotypes with good morphological-phenological characteristics from the population of almonds in Herzegovina. The recording and studying of 27 autochthonous almond genotypes was carried out, and three genotypes were selected and analysed using method of positive individual selection. The study comprised observation of blossom and ripening phenophases, as well as its morphological and pomological characteristics. Genotype II was highlighted with its semi-soft shell and high degree of yield of kernel (54,41%), and it has late blossom. Genotype III has convenient blossom period.

The purpose of this study was to determine blossoming dynamics of autochthonous genotypes of cherry (alica and hrust) and introduced genotypes of cherry (stela and burlat) on the location of Mostar as well as to determine their ability to adjust to different weather conditions changes. The tests were carried out in private cherry plantation, north from Mostar during 2006 and 2007. The earliest process of blossoming as well as the ability to blossom for a longer period was registered with alica genotype while the latest and the shortest blossoming were registered with hrust genotype. Autochthonous genotype alica has shown the ability to blossom for longer period in the case of adverse weather conditions during 2007. Genotypes of burlat and stela have not shown significant oscillations regarding the blossoming dynamics considering the years of testing.

A 2-year study was done to compare fruit morphological and chemical composition of three nectarine cultivars grown in south Hercegovinia conditions. A high variability among and within cultivars was found and significant differences were observed among them in all properties analyzed. On the basis of evaluated data, the best fruit performance was registered in ‘Caldesi 2000’ and ‘Venus’ grown in the condition of this part of the Mediteran. This evaluation may help to select a set of nectarine cultivars with better fruit quality attributes, which in our growing conditions might be indicated in ‘Caldesi 2000’ and somewhat in ‘Venus’. The highest average of fruit width (61.18 mm) and fruit weight (148.24 g) was found in cultivar Caldesi 2000. As for friut thickness, also cultivar Caldesi 2000 had the highest value (55.39 mm). The results for the highest fruit length (60.48 mm) had Venus cultivar also fruit stone weight length, width and thickness. The contents sugars (glucose, fructose) total soluble dry matter, and total acids in fruits were found in cultivar Venus, but pH and sucrose were found in cultivar Sun Grand.