Metabolic syndrome is a group of factors which increase the risk for development of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and includes insulin resistance, abdominal adiposity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and other disorders. Changes in prothrombotic and proinflammatory markers have been observed. Aim of this study was to asses the concentration of fibrinogen and other humoral markers of metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetic patients. 77 patients both sexes, age 46-83 years have been included. Based on ATP III criteria patients were divided in two groups. Group I - diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome and Group II - diabetic patients without metabolic syndrome. Each group was divided in two subgroups, males and females. The plasma concentration of fibrinogen and humoral markers of metabolic syndrome (triglycerides, cholesterol and glucose) have been evaluated. There were 49.4% patients out of total who met the criteria for metabolic syndrome. Patients in Group I weight in average more then the patients in Group II. Average systolic and diastolic blood pressure values were in all groups and subgroups higher than recommended. Humoral markers of metabolic syndrome were significantly higher (p<0.05) in Group I (triglycerides 2.7+/-0,2 mmol/L, total cholesterol 6.0+/-0.2 mmol/L) compared to Group II (triglycerides up to 1,7 mmol/L, total cholesterol in serum up to 5,2 mmol/L ). Concentration of glucose in both groups was significantly higher compared to referral values. Average plasma fibrinogen concentration was 4.0+/-0.1 g/Lwithout significant differences between Group I and II. Females from Group I had significantly higher fibrinogen concentration (p=0.003) then the males from the same group (females 4.4+/-0.2 g/L vs. males 3.7+/-0.1 g/L). There was no difference in fibrinogen concentration between female and male patients in Group II. Fibrinogen plasma concentration is elevated in all type 2 diabetic patients without significant differences between subjects with or without metabolic syndrome.

Metabolic syndrome is a group of factors which increase the risk for development of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and includes insulin resistance, abdominal adiposity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and other disorders. Changes in prothrombotic and proinflammatory markers have been observed. Aim of this study was to asses the concentration of fibrinogen and other humoral markers of metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetic patients. 77 patients both sexes, age 46-83 years have been included. Based on ATP III criteria patients were divided in two groups. Group I - diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome and Group II - diabetic patients without metabolic syndrome. Each group was divided in two subgroups, males and females. The plasma concentration of fibrinogen and humoral markers of metabolic syndrome (triglycerides, cholesterol and glucose) have been evaluated. There were 49.4% patients out of total who met the criteria for metabolic syndrome. Patients in Group I weight in average more then the patients in Group II. Average systolic and diastolic blood pressure values were in all groups and subgroups higher than recommended. Humoral markers of metabolic syndrome were significantly higher (p<0.05) in Group I (triglycerides 2.7+/-0,2 mmol/L, total cholesterol 6.0+/-0.2 mmol/L) compared to Group II (triglycerides up to 1,7 mmol/L, total cholesterol in serum up to 5,2 mmol/L ). Concentration of glucose in both groups was significantly higher compared to referral values. Average plasma fibrinogen concentration was 4.0+/-0.1 g/Lwithout significant differences between Group I and II. Females from Group I had significantly higher fibrinogen concentration (p=0.003) then the males from the same group (females 4.4+/-0.2 g/L vs. males 3.7+/-0.1 g/L). There was no difference in fibrinogen concentration between female and male patients in Group II. Fibrinogen plasma concentration is elevated in all type 2 diabetic patients without significant differences between subjects with or without metabolic syndrome.

Studies indicate that inflammatory mechanisms may play an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). C-reactive protein (CRP), marker and mediator of inflammation, has been detected in lesions typical for the affected areas of AD brain. There have been conflicting reports on serum CRP concentration in AD. Scarce data exist on association of CRP and measures of adiposity in AD patients. Thus, we investigated serum CRP concentration in fifteen overweight institutionalized patients with probable AD and fifteen age-matched control subjects. Body mass index (BMI) and waist/hip ratio (WHR) were calculated for each subject included in the study. Age, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, BMI and WHR did not differ significantly between the two groups. Serum CRP concentration was significantly higher in patients with AD compared to controls (p<0.0001). Although not significant, positive correlations between serum levels of CRP and BMI and WHR were found. Obtained results support the notion that low-grade inflammation is present in patients with AD. Absence of significant association between CRP and measures of total and central adiposity in overweight AD patients needs further investigation and explanation.

Objec ti ves: The purpose of the present study was to assess neck ­ to ­ height ra ti o (NtHR) and its possible associa ti on with other anthropometric measures of obesity and blood pressure (BP) values in Bosnian university students stra ti fi ed by new 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Associa ti on Task Force hypertension (HT) guidelines. Methods: The present study included 417 subjects with median age 20 (19 ­ 21) years that were divided into normal BP, el ­ evated BP, stage 1 HT, and stage 2 HT groups based on BP measurements using auscultatory methods. Standard anthropo ­ metric indices including neck circumference (NC) were measured. NtHR (cm/m) was calculated in each par ti cipant based on the NC and height. Di ff erences between groups were assessed by Kruskal ­ Wallis followed by Man ­ Whitney test and correla ti ons were determined by Spearman test. Results : The prevalence of elevated BP was 19.2%, stage 1 HT 21.6%, and stage 2 HT 11.0 %. NtHR was highest in the stage 2 HT group. NtHR correlated signi fi cantly with all anthropometric measures in all groups. No correla ti on between NtHR, systolic BP, and diastolic BP was found, except in the stage 1 HT group, where a signi fi cant correla ti on between NtHR and systolic BP was uncovered. Conclusions: Based on the observed correla ti ons between NtHR and standard measures of obesity, NtHR could be included in clinical prac ti ce, since it is simple and does not induce discomfort. The high prevalence of elevated BP found in the present study suggests HT preven ti on requires the implementa ti on of programs aimed at promo ti ng healthy dietary habits, physical ac ti vity, as well as e ff ec ti ve stress management and coping mechanisms.

phenolic content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method expressed as mg GAE/L. Antioxidant activity was determined by FRAP (mmol/L Fe2+) and Briggs-Rauscher (expressed as inhibitory time) methods, while antiradical activity was determined by the DPPH method (expressed as IC50). Results: Sweet cherry wine analysis conducted by UPLC TQ-MS/MS showed the presence of phenolic acids and flavonoids. The most dominant compound was chlorogenic acid, with a content of 232.77 to 317.34 µg/ml. Among other phenolic acids were detected: vanillic (7.62-11.58 µg/ml) and protocatehuic (12.81-22.37 µg/ml). Flavonoids detected in sweet cherry wines were catechin (11.23-21.83 µg/ml), epicatechin (75.81-110.43 µg/ml), quercetin (22.31-47.72 µg/ml) and kaempferol (2.87-7.53 µg/ml). Total phenolic content was in interval 1281.43-1721.52 mg GAE/L. Antioxidant activity detected by the FRAP method indicates that results were from 53.21-61.53 mmol/L Fe2+. Briggs-Rauscher and DPPH methods indicated significant inhibitory activity in sweet cherry wine. It is important to highlight that wines produced with the addition of sugar and enzymatic preparation showed higher contents of selected phenolic compounds and higher antioxidant and antiradical activity.