In this review we used the published data on depleted uranium (experimental and epidemiological) from the current literature. Depleted uranium is a toxic heavy metal that in high dose may cause poisoning and health effects as those caused by lead, mercury, and chromium. It is slightly radioactive. The aim of this review was to select, to arrange, to present references of scientific papers, and to summarise the data in order to give a comprehensive image of the results of toxicological studies on depleted uranium that have been done on animals (including carcinogenic activity). We have also used epidemiological posted study results related to occupational and environmental exposure to depleted uranium. The toxicity of uranium has been studied extensively. The results of the studies indicated primarily its chemical toxicity, particularly renal effects, but depleted uranium is not radiological hazard. Uranium is not metal determined to be carcinogenic (the International Agency of Research on Cancer). The military use of depleted uranium will give additional insight into the toxicology of depleted uranium. The present controversy over the radiological and chemical toxicity of depleted uranium used in the Gulf War requests further experimental and clinical investigations of its effects on the biosphere and human beings.

In transplantation method, efforts should be made to prevent the patient immunological reaction against the transplantation antigen. In the same time, the patient general immunological reactivity must be kept. With the increasing need for transplantation the interest for new immunosuppressive drugs has become greater. The use of immunosuppressive drugs have dated since early 1950 (azatioprin and steroids). 1960 there was the appearance of the polyclonal ALG/ATG. In 1970 the true advance has been the discovery of the first selective immunosuppressive-cyclosporin (second generation). The third generation of immunosuppressive drugs with high specific place of action, has become available now (tacrolimus, thymoglobulin, zenepax, rapamune). The purpose of this paper was to show the different groups of immunosuppressive drugs, taking into account a different place of effects and different mechanisms of their immunosuppressive action. The aim of the immunosuppressive drugs combination is to achieve the optimal immunosuppression with minimal side-effects.

In this study we have analyzed the liver transaminases levels in the 15 patients after kidney transplantation. All these patients have taken immunosuppressive cyclosporine therapy. The transaminases levels were determined by using the method Bergmayer kinetic ultraviolet test on the apparatus Tehnicon-Opera. The well known fact is the liver intoxication the same as kidney intoxication, if patients take cyclosporine for a long time. The average of the grafts in these patients were 9 years (ages between 1 and 16). The liver transaminases level was normal in all of groups of patients except for one who had high liver transaminases levels. After the correction cyclosporine therapy in the patient, the liver transaminases levels were normal. There was no possibility for monitoring of cyclosporine during the war, so the patients were determining the dose of cyclosporine on their own without any consulting with doctors. The most reliable method of cyclosporine applications is its determination, every day monitoring, and dosing by monitoring, which means concentrations in the reference values.

In this study we have analyzed the cyclosporine levels in patients after kidney transplantation. The cyclosporine levels are determined by using fluorescence polarization immune-assay and monoclonal whole blood test. We analyzed nine patients with transplanted kidneys who were on specific immunosuppressive cyclosporine therapy. The cyclosporine determination was performed in these patients three times in the span of 14 to 29 days. The cyclosporine levels in seven patients were in reference interval between 100 and 300 ng/ml of whole blood. In the first determination the values in two patients were out of reference interval, one value was lower, and the other one was higher then reference interval. In second determination after dose correction in patients who had lower cyclosporin level the new level was normal and the other patient cyclosporine value was lower then in the first determination, but still a little higher then reference values.

Estimation of the monitoring efficiency of Phenobarbital as anti seizure agent was performed by using fluorescence-polarization immunoassay on analyzer ABBOTT TDx. Determined values have shown that Phenobarbital monitoring is extremely important in the prevention of epileptic seizures, especially considering its ability to induce a microsomal drug-metabolizing system.

phenolic content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method expressed as mg GAE/L. Antioxidant activity was determined by FRAP (mmol/L Fe2+) and Briggs-Rauscher (expressed as inhibitory time) methods, while antiradical activity was determined by the DPPH method (expressed as IC50). Results: Sweet cherry wine analysis conducted by UPLC TQ-MS/MS showed the presence of phenolic acids and flavonoids. The most dominant compound was chlorogenic acid, with a content of 232.77 to 317.34 µg/ml. Among other phenolic acids were detected: vanillic (7.62-11.58 µg/ml) and protocatehuic (12.81-22.37 µg/ml). Flavonoids detected in sweet cherry wines were catechin (11.23-21.83 µg/ml), epicatechin (75.81-110.43 µg/ml), quercetin (22.31-47.72 µg/ml) and kaempferol (2.87-7.53 µg/ml). Total phenolic content was in interval 1281.43-1721.52 mg GAE/L. Antioxidant activity detected by the FRAP method indicates that results were from 53.21-61.53 mmol/L Fe2+. Briggs-Rauscher and DPPH methods indicated significant inhibitory activity in sweet cherry wine. It is important to highlight that wines produced with the addition of sugar and enzymatic preparation showed higher contents of selected phenolic compounds and higher antioxidant and antiradical activity.