Recognition and treatment of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is still a problem, mainly because the term encompasses many symptoms of different etiology. Classification on joint and muscle disorders facilitated the diagnosis and treatment of TMD. However, in the absence of a validated pathophysiological model, there is still a need for acquiring new knowledge. Furthermore, the diagnosis and treatment of TMD usually require a multidisciplinary approach. Orthodontic treatment is sometimes associated with the occurrence of signs and symptoms of TMD. The recent scientific literature, however, considers such association unfounded, and some clinical studies even show reduction in TMD symptoms subsequent to orthodontic treatment. Besides causing confusion in scientific world, such contradictory information creates problems to practitioners in their daily work when treating patients suffering from orofacial pain. Through the presentation of clinical cases, this lecture will try to answer how to clearly recognize the signs of TMD as well as patients who are at increased risk of their occurrence. It will describe the procedures and guidelines recommended for treating these disorders in a simple manner, comprehensible to the practitioner, with an emphasis on the description of occlusal splints fabrication. TURNER SyNDROME CHALLENGE FOR EARLy DIAGNOSIS AND ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT Cvetanka Bajraktarova Misevska* *PHO University Dental Clinical Centre St. Pantelejmon, Clinic Of Orthodontics, Skopje, FYR of Macedonia Corresponding Author: Cvetanka Bajraktarova Misevska PHO University Dental Clinical Centre St. Pantelejmon, Clinic Of Orthodontics, Skopje, FYR of Macedonia e-mail: cmisevska@yahoo.com