Knjiga donosi niz naziva najvažnijih bolesti i patoloskih stanja na latinskom, engleskom i hrvatskom jeziku, po skupinama.

INTRODUCTION There is obvious decline in quality of life after MI and stroke. The main factors that reduce quality of life in these patients were the inability of returning to normal activities, pain and the development of depression / anxiety. We wanted to know what has the biggest influence on recovery and differences in quality of life in patients after stroke and heart attack. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Cross-sectional study was conducted using HADS and WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire. Criteria for exclusion were diabetes, previous depression, cancer or other co morbidities that influenced the quality of life. It has been surveyed total of 396 patients, of whom 378 patients satisfied the criteria of inclusion in the study. Based on the personal data of patients, they were divided according to gender, age, educational level, and social support expressed by number of members with whom patient lives. RESULTS In all the observed parameters of the SU group had better results than the stroke group. The recovery after a stroke affected age, length of education and depression. Age, gender and length of education influence on a heart attack recovery. Disease duration did not affect the quality of life in either group. Significantly more patients after a stroke had depression compared to MI (p<0.001). Anxiety was not found significant in differences between groups (p=0.051). Metabolic syndrome was more frequent in the stroke group, but the difference between groups was not significant (stroke/MI) (p=0.098). In the group of stroke patients who had MS patients more often had depression (p=0.003) for different of respondents from the group with MI. CONCLUSION Quality of life was significantly worse in patients after stroke compared to those with MI. The recovery from stroke was most significantly impacted by depression and age and level of education, while the recovery from heart attack was at most affected by gender, age and level of education.

There have been few studies comparing substance use and misuse (SU&M) in different performing arts forms. Herein, we identified and compared SU&M in women studying an art (ballet, n = 21), a non-Olympic sport (dance sport, n = 25), and an Olympic sport (synchronized swimming, n = 23). The sample of variables comprised general, educational, and sport factors, as well as SU&M data, including consumption of opiates, cigarettes, alcohol, nutritional supplements, doping behaviors, and beliefs. Using the Kruskal-Wallis test, we found no significant differences between study groups in potential doping behaviors. Most of the examinees reported that they did not rely on physicians' and/or coaches' opinions regarding doping. Only sport dancers recognized their consumption of cannabis as a violation of anti-doping rules. Those more convinced that doping habits are present in their sport (or art) have a certain tendency toward doping usage. In conclusion, a strong anti-doping campaign within the studied arts is suggested, focusing on the health-related problems of SU&M.

Presented study gives findings of temporal-spatial kinematic gait analysis in 12 male adults, war trauma transtibial (TT) amputees fitted with prosthesis compared to 12 able-bodied persons. Results disclose asymmetries between the amputated, prosthetic and healthy legs of amputees, as well as between TT amputees and non-disabled persons. Amputees in comparison with able-bodied persons, generally, showed significantly increased swing-time (ms) (p < 0.01). Prosthetic, right legs of amputees showed decreased stance-phase (ms and % GC) (p < 0.01) and increased swing-time (ms) (p < 0.05), compared with right legs of able-bodied persons while statistical significance was reached (p < 0.01) for decreased stance-time (% stride and ms), increased swing-time (% stride and ms), decreased swing velocity (m/s), increased anterior step length and decreased stride length (p < 0.05), compared with contra lateral, left legs of amputees. Our conclusion is that instrumented kinematic gait analysis study is able to provide assessment about the way prosthetic TT amputees walk.

Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy has become a well established technique in the diagnosis, staging, and follow-up of patients with head and neck lesions. As in lymphoma diagnostics, FNA serves as a screening method in evaluating potentially affected lymph node for open or core biopsy. According to the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms, today it is important to recognize cell morphology and reveal its phenotype, then combine it with different genotypic information and clinical data to provide appropriate therapy. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of FNA and immunocytochemistry based lymphoma diagnostic in head and neck region. We conducted a retrospective study during a period of three years where cases with either FNA diagnosis or clinical suspicion of newly recognized or relapsing lymphoma were reviewed. In the study were included patients that were referred to our laboratory from hematology department, in whom head and neck lymphadenopathia was found and lymph node FNA preceded other procedures. Two hundred eighty-five aspirations from 248 patients fulfilled study criteria. Adequate specimens were diagnosed as lymphoma in 100 cases (36%), in 65 male and 35 female patients, 76 in patients with newly discovered disease and 24 in patients with prior lymphoma diagnosis. Overall sensitivity of FNA specimens in the diagnosis of head and neck lymphomas was 90%, specificity 88%, predictive value of a positive result 97%, and predictive value of negative result 61%. Based on our results FNA corroborated with immunophenotyping by immunocytochemistry can be method of choice in primary lymphoma diagnosis as a method complementary to histopathology in lymphoma diagnostics.

The aim of this study was to investigate the scientific productivity of the Mostar University Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Mostar. All articles that were indexed by PubMed with the keyword Mostar were included in the analysis. During 1999-2008, a total of 76 articles were published, with a total of 366 authorships contributed by a total of 228 unique authors, whereas a total of 161 of these authors (70.6%) coauthored a single article only. The average number of co-authors was 4.6 per article. There was a strong increasing linear trend in the total number of published articles. The most published articles were related to clinical research, whereas the least were recorded in the basic biomedical sciences, suggesting the need to increase the research capacity in basic biomedical sciences. The large percent of single-authorship authors that were recorded suggest almost a sporadic rather than systematic publication output. Likely improvements to this situation include the creation of the newly formed doctoral (PhD) course due to start next year and several other ways in which scientific research in biomedicine can be increased in basic, clinical and public health sciences.

The study gives up findings of ground reaction force (GRF) measurement in traumatic transtibial amputees (TT) equipped with prosthesis. Results disclose significant asymmetries between the amputated and healthy legs, as well as between transtibial amputees and non-disabled persons. Decreased GRF of prosthesis (max. horizontal force Fx2 and medio-lateral Fy1 (p < 0.05), max. vertical force Fz1 during the loading response phase and Fz 3 - max. vertical force in late terminal stance; Fx 1 - max. horizontal force and Fy 2 - max. lateral force) were registered in comparison to healthy legs of amputees. The only exception represents vertical force Fz2 showing larger magnitude on prosthetic legs (p < 0.1). Nearly all forces (Fz1 and Fz3 - max. vertical force, Fx1 and Fx2 - max. horizontal forces and Fy1- max. medial force) were decreased for prosthetic legs in comparison to the healthy legs of amputees and to able-bodied persons.

Lumbar disc herniations (LDH) occur in the lower back, most often between the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebral bodies or between the fifth and the sacrum. It is evident lack of studies dealing with comparative analysis of the surgical outcomes of the spine operation techniques. In this paper we analyzed and compared outcomes of the LDH standard techniques (laminectomy and hemilaminectomy), and contemporary operation techniques (interlaminectomy, and micro-discectomy). Adult patients (18-75 years of age) surgically treated on the Neurosurgery Department of the University Clinical Hospital Mostar - Bosnia and Herzegovina between January 1998 and December 2007 were sampled as subjects. We analyzed and compared, number of the LDH surgically treated patients; age, patient's satisfaction with postoperative status, postoperative recurrence of the LDH; incidence of the postoperative complications, and duration of hospitalization. In conclusion, modern operating methods have to be considered as superior over traditional operating types mostly because of smaller violations of forms and integrity of lumbar spine.

Thrombotic microangiopathies are life-threatening disorders characterized by vascular microthromboses, schistocytic hemolytic anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Although recent research has partially explained the pathogenesis of these rare entities, the determinants contributing to the onset and modulating the severity of thrombotic microangiopathies are largely unknown. The present study assessed the putative role of prothrombotic platelet receptor polymorphisms in thrombotic microangiopathies that have been found to be associated with premature onset of myocardial infarction in predisposed individuals. Thirty-four consecutive patients admitted with the diagnosis of thrombotic microangiopathy and 759 healthy subjects were enrolled. Genotyping of the human platelet antigen (HPA) 2 an the Kozak sequence polymorphism of GP Ibα of the platelets’ von Willebrand factor receptor glycoprotein (GP) Ib-V-IX, the HPA-1 and the HPA-3 polymorphism of the fibrinogen receptor GP IIb-IIIa (integrin αIIbβ 3) and the HPA-5 and GP Ia 807 C/T polymorphism of the collagen receptor GP Ia-IIa (integrin α2β1) were determined according to standard procedures. As a result, no significant differences in the prevalence of prothrombotic variants of platelet-receptor polymorphisms between patients and healthy control subjects were observed. However, although not significant, the prothrombotic bb genotype of the HPA-1 polymorphism was more prevalent in the patients. The findings do not provide evidence that platelet receptor polymorphisms are determinants for the onset of thrombotic microangiopathies or predispose to a more severe course. Along with this observation, screening for respective platelet-receptor polymorphisms does not appear to contribute to risk stratification of affected patients.

Factor V Leiden (FVL) mutation and prothrombin G20210A mutation are common hereditary risk factors for venous thrombosis. In the current study, 40 patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 35 ± 11 years) and 764 healthy control subjects (mean age ± standard deviation, 37 ± 14 years) were enrolled to assess the potential role of these mutations in the manifestation of thrombotic microangiopathies. Compared with controls, neither the heterozygous FVL mutation (7.5% vs 8.5%; P = 1) nor the heterozygous prothrombin mutation (2.5% vs 2.8%; P = 1) was more prevalent in the patients. The findings do not support a significant role of FVL and prothrombin mutations as risk factors for the manifestation of thrombotic microangiopathies. Thus, screening for these mutations does not allow the identification of individuals at increased risk for these rare thrombotic disorders.

Recent evidence suggests that the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is present in skin. The real value of the determination of ACE activity as a clinical-biochemistry test for the diagnosis of psoriasis has not been attained. Serum and tissue ACE were measured in 60 patients with psoriasis, 20 patients with lichen planus, 20 patients with seborrhoic dermatitis and in 20 healthy individuals. The serum and tissue ACE activity was determined before and after therapy, using the spectrophotometric method and hippuryl-l-histidyl-l-leucine as a substrate. The results showed that serum ACE activity before therapy was significantly increased in both groups--patients with psoriasis (p < 0.001) and patients with lichen planus (p < 0.001) in comparison to healthy individuals. However, there were no significant differences in serum ACE activity among patients with seborrhoic dermatitis and healthy individuals. After therapy, serum ACE activity significantly decreased in both groups of patients with psoriasis and patients with lichen planus comparing it to the level found in the control group. The values in both were similar. The tissue ACE activity in altered skin was significantly increased only in the patients with psoriasis in comparison to uninvolved skin of these patients, as well as the skin of healthy individuals. After therapy, there were no significant differences in tissue ACE activity between the treated skin and the healthy skin. In conclusion, determination of tissue angiotensin converting enzyme activity can be used in the differential diagnostic of indistinct clinical forms of psoriasis.

BACKGROUND There has been a growing interest in the effect that comorbid schizophrenia and metabolic syndrome may have on each other. OBJECTIVE To examine metabolic syndrome from integrative medicine point of view including prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with schiziphrenia compared to their first-degree relatives, healthy volunteers without schizophrenia in close family, and patients with PTSD, as well as the percentage patients with schizophrenia without any component of metabolic syndrome. METHOD Metabolic syndrome according to NCEP/ATP III criteria and number of its components were analysed in 205 patients with schizophrenia, 140 healthy volunteers and 105 patients with combat PTSD. RESULTS Metabolic syndrome was identified in 45.9% of the patients with schizophrenia, 38.1% of the war veterans with PTSD, 36.7% of the first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia and 16.2% of the healthy volunteers without schizophrenia in close family. Only 21.5% of the patients with schizophrenia were without any metabolic syndrome component. CONCLUSION The comorbidity of schizophrenia and metabolic syndrome is very important for theory and practice of integrative medicine. Almost 80% of the patients with schizophrenia have increased risk or developed cardiovascular disorders,.

Thromboangiitis obliterans or Buerger's disease is an episodic and segmental inflammatory and thrombotic process of the medium and small arteries of the lower extremities. Even though the disease was described 90 years ago, the etiopathogenesis is still under consideration. Afflicted patients are mostly young male cigarette smokers without signs of atherosclerosis or other risk factors for peripheral arterial occlusive disease. This indicates that hereditary thrombophilic factors could play a role in the etiopathogenesis. Recently, increasing evidence shows that platelet receptor polymorphisms (HPA-1 polymorphism of beta3 subunit of alphaIIbbeta3 and 807 C/T polymorphism alpha2beta1) are associated with early onset of arterial thrombosis (myocardial infarction, stroke). This case-control study was designed to assess whether the 807 C/T polymorphism or the HPA-1 polymorphism is involved in the pathogenesis of Buerger's disease or has any influence on the clinical course of Buerger's disease. Eighteen patients with Buerger's disease and 81 (sex and age matched) healthy control subjects (mean age 44 +/- 10 vs 45 +/- 8 years, respectively) were genotyped for platelet receptor HPA-1 and GPIa 807 C/T polymorphism. The gene frequency of HPA-1 and GPIa 807 C/T polymorphisms was identical in both groups. Prevalence of hetero- and homozygous carriers of the HPA-1b allel (1a1b and 1b1b genotype) as well as the prevalence of the 807 C/T and 807 T/T carriers did not differ significantly between the two groups, p >0.05. The grade of clinical disease manifestation as well as disease progression did not reveal any significant relationship with HPA-1 and 807 C/T polymorphisms. A relationship between the age at onset of the disease and HPA-1 polymorphism was not found. Otherwise analysis of the GPIa 807 C/T platelet receptor polymorphism showed that the average age of patients who are carriers of the T allele at early onset of disease was 32 +/- 6 years (range 27-48 years) compared to 42 +/- 6 years (range 34-53 years) of the C/C carriers (p <0.05). This indicates that the GPIa 807 C/T polymorphism does not represent a risk factor for Buerger's disease itself, but could be associated with premature onset of this disorder in predisposed individuals.

The Self-Estimated Functional-Inability-because-of-Pain (SEFIP) questionnaire is a simple tool used to define the pain status in different body regions of performers in aesthetic sports. In this paper we revalidated SEFIP in a sample of nonprofessional female university dancers (n = 45 ; mean age 22.3yrs). The dancers were divided into two groups according to their previous experience in dance and aesthetic-based sports: experienced (n = 24) and non-experienced (n = 21). SEFIP was measured before and after the 6-week dance and aesthetic based training program. Morphologic variables were measured at study entry, and included: body weight, height, body mass index (BMI), calf circumference, sum of two skinfolds and percent body fat. We analyzed 1) the differences between experienced and nonexperienced dancers in all variables, 2) pre and post training differences in SEFIP, 3) pre and post training differences in pain sensation for each body region, and 4) the prediction of the SEFIP score from morphologic in the experienced and nonexperienced subjects. Statistical analysis using the t-test found no significant differences between the groups, but identified significant pre-vs. post-training differences in the sample as a whole. The Nonparametric sign test showed a significant pre to post- training decrease pain sensation in the calf region. Multiple regression analysis revealed BMI as significant predictor of the SEFIP, but only for the nonexperienced dancers. In order to avoid pain occurrence in university dancers, previous training of the calf, thigh and back muscles is suggested, especially in those subjects with BMI higher than 21 kg/m2, .

All patients who suffered from the acute coronary syndrome in western Herzegovina over the fifteen year period (1987-2001) are included in this retrospective epidemiological study. The population that was undertaken by the study is relative stabile and did not emigrate during the war period. The study compared the time before the war (1987-1991), during the war (1992-1996) and after the war (1997-2001). The data were acquired from the archives of the patients of the Mostar hospital and Clinical hospital Split during the war period. A total of 2022 acute coronary syndrome patients were found, 1305 men and 717 women. More patients were treated during the war compared to the time before the war for both male and female patients (p<0.0005). During the after-war period the number of treated patients was greater (p< 0.0005) compared to the war-time for both sexes. The comparison of the after-war period and the pre-war period reveals a statistically significant difference as the number of treated patients (male and female) is larger in the after-war period. The number of patient who are 65 years old and older than that is greater, and that is statistically significant (p= 0.0005.). We can conclude that the stress caused by the war and other factors have influenced a larger number of treated patients of acute coronary syndrome. Therefore, further epidemiological researches of acute coronary syndrome with the accent on prevention and treatment are needed.