Background The pediatrician plays an important role in contributing to the management of children with food allergies. Antihistamine drugs are used to control or alleviate the allergy symptoms like, skin rash or hives and breathing difficulties, by counteracting the effects of histamine. Dexamethasone is a potent corticosteroid and it acts as an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant. Adrenaline or epinephrine is the drug of choice for treating anaphylaxis.

Food allergy most often begins in the first 1 to 2 years of life with the process of sensitization, by which the immune system responds to specific food proteins. Symptoms of a food allergy reaction commonly involve localized hives and worsening eczema, with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis a frequent comorbid condition of food allergy. Acute urticaria is much more likely to be caused by food allergy than is chronic urticaria.

The report deals with the case of a 10-year-old girl with chronic cystic fibrosis. She has been repeatedly treated at the hospital. She has been hospitalized due to respiratory deterioration. Cystic fibrosis is a rare disease, inherited autosomaly recessively, but is very complex in terms of diagnostic and treatment (2). The diagnosis is confirmed based on a clinical picture of the child, measure of Chloride in the sweat, chest X-ray, CT thorax, laboratory findings--genetic confirmation CFTR ( cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator) genes (3), which result in the production of hyper-viscous mucus and chloride malabsorption in the sweat glands ducts (5,6). Bronchial thickening and plugging and ring shadows suggesting bronchiectasis, segmental or lobar atelectasis are often. Computer tomography of the chest can be used to detect and localize thickening of bronchial airways walls, mucus plugging, hyperinflation and early bronchieactasiae. Pulmonary therapy: the object is to clear secretions from airways and to control infection (7). The diagnosis is originally set when she was 4 years old. She is now admitted due to a deterioration of the main disease. Day before admission in the hospital had a higher bodily temperature, cough and difficult breathing. She already treated conservatively (Ceftazidim, Ceftriakson, Kloksacillin) Since the girl is a chronic patient with bronchiectasie chronic walls of bronchi changes full of the mucus, who is not responding to conservative treatment (antibiotics), therapeutic and diagnostic flexible bronchoscopy had to be performed, resulting in a gram-negative bacteria pseudomonas aeruginosa--a typical bacteria for chronically sick C. F. patient. A pseudomonas therapy was prescribed according to the sensitive antibiogram, during which bronchoscopy was given locally on changes mucous pulmozyme and garamycin. Flexible bronchoscopy was performed as therapeutic. Local bronchoscopy findings:by aspiration of tracheo-bronchal truncus it was found hyperemia and a lot of mucous sticky secretion inside of tracheobronchal tree, especially middle lobe right side, lingual and basals part of the lungs. It was performed broncho-alveolar lavage and given steroids on the place of changed inflamed mucous membrane of the bronchi. It was also given pulmozyme to destroid mucous and make better spontaneously expectorations. Control chest x ray was performed and it was better.

A case of lung abscessi has been reported in 10 years old child, boy. This lung disease is uncommon, but treatment is complex. A lung abscess is a suppurative process resulting in destruction of the pulmonary parenchyma and formation of a cavity containing purulent material. The child was already treated in the hospital in Bihac since 19.07.2004. to 04.08.2004. Lung abscess was secondary caused by staphylococcus, started as panaritium second finger. The diagnosis is generally made by roentgenographic examination when a cavity with a fluid level surrounded by alveolar infiltration is demonstrated. After a few consultations with thoracal surgeon conservative treatment was continued Vankomicin 40 days and Funzol, later Stanicid 10 days. Brronchosacopy to faciliate drainage or to obtain culture is controversial so the same wasn't done. Surgical drainage of a lung abscess is almost never indicated and resection should be considered only in a children with recurrent hemoptysis, repeated episodis of infection. Serial chest roentgenograms show gradual diminution of the abscessus over a period of several weeks during hospitalization. Last one chest X ray shows as sequely air cyst on the left side. X ray of the second finger shows osteitis of the second phalange. After 40 days the child was discharged with recommendation for follow up by thoracal surgeon next 6 months.