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M. Hasanovic, A. Kuldija, I. Pajević, S. Zorić

Evidence shows that heroin addiction has rapidly increased in Bosnia and Herzegovina over the last few years. The considerable increase in hospital admissions for the treatment of heroin addicts supports this evidence. This increase has been accompanied by an unstable geopolitical situation in post-war Bosnia and Herzegovina [1, 2]. While heroin addiction has been extensively studied in Western countries [3] and South-East Asia [4], there is a lack of relevant information for the Balkan countries [5, 6].

Religious method of treatment dominated treatments of psychiatric patients until the start of twentieth century. After psychiatry was recognized as a distinct medical discipline, in nineteenth century, it begun to shift away from religious approach to the treatment of mentally ill persons. During the twentieth century, it was enriched using psychotherapy, socio-therapy and biological methods of treatment, and completely secularized. The renaissance of religion and religious influence on secular events in the beginning of 21th century and postsecular atmosphere has launched a process of desecularization of psychiatry. It can best be seen through the changes in attitude towards spiritual and religious in the process of patients' evaluation, quality of life assessment, respect for the spiritual needs of patients in the process of clinical treatment, and objective consideration of the phenomenon of religiosity by psychiatrists and other mental health professionals. Without the ambition to precisely explain and define this notion, the basic sketch of what a postsecular psychiatry is and what it is not will be outlined in this paper. The goal is to open a professional debate over the issue, which would contribute that psychiatry, despite the ongoing challenges and provocations, maintains its essence as a medical discipline and adequately respond to all the needs of its patients, including those related to spirituality and religion. Overcoming rigid secular framework, psychiatry becomes more human and more close to human. In this way, psychiatry does not lose its "scientific component" because the effects of spirituality, beliefs or religious practices on mental health can be scientifically investigated without crossing the boundaries between the natural and spiritual sciences. Although people often consider that science and religion contradict each other, these are by their very nature convergently moving towards the meeting point even if it is located at infinity.

M. Hasanovic, I. Pajević, A. Kuldija, A. Delić

AIM To present medically assisted treatment for opiate addiction with substitution medicament Suboxone and prevention of social exclusion of young opiate addicts in Bosnia and Herzegovina. GENERAL OVERVIEW Until recently there was no solution for long-term and comprehensive treatment of young persons who suffer from opiate addiction. This is not an illness that impairs only psychological and physical health of addicts with possible fatal aftermaths, but serious societal problem due to its consequences such as delinquency, crimes and violence that lead young people to social exclusion. There are no capacities within the existing health facilities for long-term stationary treatment, which is necessary for drug addiction. In addition, far less adequate solution is placement of young addicts into penal and correctional institutions, which are stigmatizing and contribute to their exclusion from normal social life. Hence, the latest medically assisted method of substitution treatment with a combination of buprenorphine and naloxone (Suboxone) is introduced. This medicament, with its characteristics, offers possibility for outpatient treatment, and prompt and effective results of detoxification and weaning of opiates is to be achieved. Opiate addicts that undergo this treatment benefit from "clear mind" and capability for occupational and social activities, which significantly improves the quality of their family and social relations. With Suboxone substitution method, the institutional (inpatient) treatment is to be avoided and social exclusion of young addicts treated with Suboxone prevented. CONCLUSION Medically assisted treatment for opiate addiction with Suboxone is conducted in outpatient setting with the involvement of close relatives who are not addicted. It brings back "clear mind" to previous addicts, does not stigmatize but contribute to re-socialization and prevention of social exclusion of young opiate addicts.

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