UDK: 574.5:579.68(285)(497.6) In the spring and summer season of 2014, the change in the number of coliform and heterotrophic bacteria in specific localities of lake Bistarac and lake Vidara were observed and analyzed. Lake Bistarac was formed after the cessation of surface mining in the open pit, while lake Vidara is the artificial lake in the area of Gradacac made in order to protect the industrial zone of flooding. Both of these lakes, placed in Tuzla Canton, are very attractive for tourist and frequently are used for swimming, fishing and recreation. Results of this study showed an increased number of coliform bacteria in both periods, and the presence of Escherichia coli as a direct indicator of fecal pollution, while, as an additional indicator of fecal pollution, Citrobacter and Enterobacter were identified. From the total number of analyzed water samples of the lake Bistarac, 60% of samples belonged into to the second class, and 40% into the first class of water quality. Lake Vidara showed poor quality as the 80% of the analysed samples belonged to the second class and only 20% into the first class of water quality. For the microbiological assessment of the water quality standard microbiological procedures and methods were used. One of the main reasons for poor hygienic state of these two lakes is unregulated sewage network of the villages, restaurants and camping areas placed near the lakes. The increased number of fecal bacteria was found in the water of both lakes, which can be highly dangerous for the human population. Since both lakes are used for recreational purposes it is necessary to establish an appropriate monitoring system on the basis of which is possible to take measures and to protect and improve water quality.

Two units of red blood cells (RBCs) were typically transfused with each transfusion among hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients. Concerns regarding this practice are increased morbidity, mortality, hospital‐acquired infections, length of stay (LOS), and transfusion‐related complications. This study compared outcomes of transfusing 1 unit of RBCs per transfusion episode to 2 units of RBCs per episode among HSCT patients.

Abstract The 1691 (G>A) factor V Leiden (FVL) and 20210 (G>A) prothrombin (PT) mutations are the two most common genetic risk factors in venous thromboembolism. The 677 (C>T) methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) mutation is the most frequently mentioned as an independent genetic risk factor for venous thromboembolism. As there are limited published data on the prevalence of the 1691, 20210 and 677 mutations in our population, the aim of this study was to determine the frequencies and association of these deep vein thrombosis mutations in the Bosnian population. This study included 111 thromboembolic patients and 207 healthy subjects with absence of known risk factors for venous thromboembolism. Genotyping of the 1691, 20210 and 677 mutations was done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by restriction digestion with MnlI, HindIII and HinfI enzymes. Out of the 111 patients, 18.0% were heterozygous and 2.70% were homozygous for the 1691 mutation. Among 207 healthy controls, 3.86%, were heterozygous for the 1691 mutation. This study confirmed the association of the 1691 mutation with deep vein thrombosis in the Bosnian population odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] = 6.0 (2.62-14.14); p = 0.0001). The 20210 mutation was detected in 2.70% of patients and it was totally absent in the control group. Allele and genotype frequency of 677 did not differ significantly between the cases and controls (χ2 = 1.03; p = 0.309).