Today’s business environment is more dynamic due to vast technological growth. This growth is most visible in the IT industry. Efficiency, together with work-life balance, is found to be one of the most important factors of success at workplace. Positive impacts of work-life balance include: retention of employees towards their employer, better motivation, and increased efficiency due to an increased employee satisfaction. Recent literature findings show a direct positive relationship between efficiency and work-life balance. Flexible work arrangements have positive impact on work-life balance and efficiency. This study analyzes the impact of flexible work arrangements on employees’ work-life balance and efficiency, using a nonrandom convenience sample selected from BiH’s IT employees. In the initial phase of data collection, quantitative survey instrument was adopted based on the original one from Mount Holyoke University. It was translated and back translated from English to Bosnian and again back to English and then verified as the part of pilot testing on 40 IT employees. The study was conducted in a cross-sectional time manner in the period June-July 2016. A modified, 18 questions, primary quantitative survey instrument with a 5-point Likert scale was conducted on 503 Bosnian IT employees. Fourteen questions covered inferential and last four descriptive statistics. The study aims to test if there is a significant relationship between flexible work arrangements, worklife balance, and employee efficiency with respect to their gender, age, time they travel to work and their children status. The results indicate that flexible work time and location can have a positive impact on employee work life balance and this opinion is shared by all the employees surveyed. Although 64.80% of participants stated that their work life is balanced with their personal life, there is always place for improvement. Participants agree that better work life balance, caused by flexible work time and flexible work location, will improve their efficiency and reduce stress.

The study examines 173 students at the International University of Sarajevo regarding their entrepreneurial intention towards networking and business environment. The methodology is based on a random sample while various statistical analyses are used to acquire the empirical results. Findings of the study revealed that there is a positive relationship between entrepreneurial orientation dimensions and business environment, and networking. Moreover, all entrepreneurial dimensions are affected by either business environment or networking. Practical and educational implications are discussed.

In today’s modern society innovating in every organization be- comes a key of its competitive advantage and survival in the highly competitive market. This rule, sooner or later will have to be accepted by our primary sector health care organizations. All institutions must strive that by constant innovating, using in the best manner possible the limited and available resources, to, in the long term, ensure continuing business and better future. The scope of innovating activities must be all segments of the health care organizations. All employees must be involved in innovating process, and not only the research and development departments (R&D). The health care institutions, which constantly innovate, enjoy the permanent advantage in the competition with their competitors. They are able to produce products and services that are cheaper and of better quality. The innovation type, which the particular health care institution chooses, represents, in its essence, the nature of the innovation. It also includes the influence of change on the value chain participants, competence and firms’ inclination in tedious fields of innovation and innovative management. The modern markets require from the health care organizations to be more dynamic, and the environmental changes demand comprehensive innovative orientations. The people who kick start innovations in health care field are in principle leaders. The leadership variables become very important having in mind that almost all organizations, to a certain extent are built based on the hierarchical structure. As the result of this fact, the decision making centers tend to be concentrated in the hands of the leading individuals. The science has found the relationship between leaders’ motivations and the frequencies of the innovations. The health care in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (F.B&H), and its entry and Primary care sector are faced with the serious challenges. Thus, innovating in this sensitive service field becomes the imperative for society. Innovating and at the same time, managing these processes is necessary for more reasons. Financial resources allocated for health care in B&H are limited, and are expect- ed to remain so in the future. The second part of the challenges the health care sector is facing is represented in the aging of the population. The people live longer, and as the consequence, for the health maintenance of population over 65, more and more re- sources are spent. By innovating, best practice checking and waste reducing the immense savings can be achieved in the health care. These actions, as well as the quality applications of best practices will enable that health care outlays, (which exceed ten percent of gross domestic product (GDP) for B&H for 2011), shall, either remain stable or decline.

The analysis of a data set of observation for 11 countries in period from 2005 to 2012 shows how capital flow (lending to Bosnia and Herzegovina) is influenced by many factors such as: gross domestic product of lending country, gross domestic product of Bosnia and Herzegovina, distance between two countries, amount of bilateral trade flows, exchange rate, bank ownership, being part of European Union and Euro Zone, signing Free Trade Agreement and area of partner country. Selected variables are chosen on the previous research, availability of data and analysis is done through several methods and some diagnostics tests are performed in order to determine the most appropriate model that explains determinants of lending to Bosnia and Herzegovina. Results indicate based on data that gross domestic products GDP of selected country, distance, exchange rate, area of country and bilateral trade flows have significant effect on borrowings. On the other hand variables EURO, EU, FTA, GDP of B&H and bank ownership do not appear to have significant effect on lending to Bosnia and Herzegovina. Variables GDPcntr, Distance, EU and bank ownership have negative effect on lending, while variables EURO, exchange rate, FTA, GDPB&H, Areacntr and amount of bilateral trade flows are positively related with borrowing of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Selected Variables, except of GDPcntr, Bank ownership and EU, have expected signs. This paper contributes to both theoretical and the empirical literature about gravity models of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The aim of study is to show that there is positive relationship between lending and bilateral trade flows and how gravity model of trade can be applied to lending model. This study should provide incentives for further research and to apply gravity model to explain determinants of lending to Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Bosnia and Herzegovina has been lacking the collective political power to address the reforms that were necessary for progress towards EU over the years. The B&H politicians could not agree upon any effective coordination mechanism on EU issues. The lack of coordination mechanism has negatively affected the country’s interaction with the EU. Beside the coordination mechanism the other political issues could not be resolved. The EU Commission intensively facilitated resolution of the Sejdic-Finci ruling of the European Court of Human Rights that B&H has to implement, but without any success. The political actors have also been unable to agree upon countrywide strategy required for Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance, in sectors, such as: agriculture, energy, transport and environment. These negative developments led to a substantial reduction of funding in these areas. Political disagreements have caused economic stagnation on moving towards European standards. In February 2014, widespread, citizen-led protests have occurred. These protests have underlined the fragility of the socio-economic situation. The EU Commission has launched a New Approach for B&H towards EU aiming to shift the focus towards economic reforms and issues of direct concern to citizens. This included development of a ‘Compact for Growth and Jobs’. The Compact is supposed to be the yardstick for the necessary economic reforms. In this paper we will explain the importance of the New Approach for B&H, as well as what ‘Compact for Growth and Job’ brings to B&H.

Introduction: Hypoxia is a basic stimulant in production of erythropoietin (EPO). The primary function of erythrocytes is the transport of oxygen to tissues. Erythropoietin stimulates erythropoiesis which leads to increased production of erythrocytes- their total mass. This increases the capacity of the blood to carry oxygen, reduces the hypoxic stimulus and provides a negative feedback of stopping EPO production. The aim of this study was to establish a quantitative relationship between the concentration of erythropoietin, hemoglobin and hematocrit in different values of renal insufficiency. Material and methods: The survey was conducted on 562 subjects divided into two groups: with and without renal insufficiency. EPO, hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum creatinine and additional parameters iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid were determined by using immunochemical and spectrophotometric methods and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated as well. Results: EPO values (median) grow to the first degree of renal insufficiency, as compared to EPO values of healthy subjects, this increase is statistically significant, p=0.002. With further deterioration of renal function the values of EPO between all pathological groups are decreasing, and this decrease is statistically significant between first and second degree of renal insufficiency (RI) p<0.001. In the group of healthy subjects EPO is correlated rho = -0.532, p <0.0005 with hematocrit. The correlations are negative and strong and can be predicted by regression line (EP0 = 41.375- Hct * .649; EPO = 61.41–Hb * 0.355). In the group of subjects with the first degree of renal insufficiency EPO is in correlation with hematocrit rho=-0.574, p<0, 0005. It is also correlated with hemoglobin rho=-0.580, p< 0.0005. The correlation is negative (EP0= 42.168- Hct * 0.678). In the group of subjects with the third degree of renal insufficiency EPO is in correlation with hemoglobin rho=0.257, p=0.028. The correlation is medium strong and positive. In the group of subjects with third and fourth degree of renal insufficiency EPO is not in correlation with hemoglobin and hematocrit p>0.05. Conclusion: Renal dysfunction, depending on the level of RI effects differently on the biosynthesis of EPO in a diseased kidney, and consequently it also has a different effect on biosynthesis of HB in bone marrow and its content in the blood.

The objective of this study was to determine what managers thought about the organizational results performed by utilizing different leadership styles in a part of the banking sector in Algeria. A quantitative survey instrument was designed to analyze their opinions. Quantitative survey instrument design was adopted as the most cost efficient for this research. Convenience sampling method was utilized. As far as the research time frame was concerned, it was performed in a cross- sectional manner, in the summer of 2014. Out of 174 sent out surveys, the responses were collected from 132 surveyed individuals. The survey was the main instrument for data collection and it was designed in a "5 - point Likert’s scale", in addition to descriptive statistics questions. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was utilized as the tool of inferential statistics in order to determine differences in leadership between multiple groups of respondents, by age groups and employment within the organization. The research was conducted to see how efficiently and effectively managers used available human and other material and financial resources to satisfy customers and achieve organizational goals. The paper investigated the impact of transactional leadership style on employees’ performance in Algerian banks. The objectives of the study were to determine the relationship between transactional leadership style and employees performance, The recommendation was made that managers adopt leadership style(s), such as transformational and Level 5 leadership that will enable them to successfully integrate and maximize available resources within the internal and external environment for attainment of organizational goals.

In competitive advantage terminology, the value is the amount, which the buyer is willing to pay for what the organizations offer to him/her. The value is measured by the total revenue. Organization is profitable if it the value it creates exceeds the costs involved in the creation of its products/services. Innovations that we use today, in the near future will be replaced by the completely new ones. Particular number of individual psychological factors has been studied in connection with resistance to the organizational innovation. For health care organizations in F.B&H, the obstacles in introduction of innovation, are very often political party disagreements, especially when the suggestions for innovations are coming from those who do not hold the political power. Health care is very complex and open macro-system with special importance for society. Health care system is composed of large number of its subsystems (micro-systems). Value and quality of any socio-system is being estimated by the degree of functioning of its components and system as the whole. Unfortunately, today in F.B&H entity, besides few honorable examples, we have a problem with a low and disharmonized complementary health care level, with lack of health care staff and system fragmentation. The ultilization of the modern innovation models, in which all must be included, from changing the patients' and health care workers' mindset, legislation, insurance funds and managers of health care institutions, can be the beginning point in improving the current situation.