Cybersecurity is an important topic for Industry 4.0, which will face a lot of non-traditional challenges before it can be fully implemented to help society. The objective of the study is to recognize recent cybersecurity trends, newly occurring threats and challenges as well as their potential solutions. The articles reviewed in the paper are found through science direct, Scopus, Semantic scholar and google scholar. After reviewing them, ideas from articles were grouped together to show how different articles had similar thoughts. Through the analysis of 70 articles, it was found that cybersecurity still needs a lot of improvement in order to efficiently implement Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), especially since many articles underline the need for security-by-design approach, followed by regular updating. Key challenges are lack of awareness and security experts, increased cybercriminal and the fact that the chain is as only as strong as its weakest point. Some of the most important solutions include incorporating security into design, stronger encryption, regular updates to patch vulnerabilities and good prevention and detection mechanisms. Once cybersecurity challenges are overcome, Industry 4.0 will be able to bloom to its full extent.

In the past three years, the COVID-19 became a global health issue and had huge impact on education. This study investigates and compares the student performances after transition from face-to-face learning environment to online learning environments as a result of the spread of the pandemic. Data is collected from a large Bosnian public university and analyzed using statistical tools. In this study student success is defined as passing the course. The results showed that there is significant difference in the performances of students, and it is dependent on learning environment. Particularly, students who attended online classes have significantly higher-grade point averages.

This paper presents the design and the development of an EOD robot, with MVP characteristics. The design is based on a solid base structure with an arm manipulator attached to the base. The overall dimensions of the robot are 590x860x340 mm and it weighs 55kg. The robot is capable of towing heavy objects as well as lifting sensitive objects. The robot has a maximum horizontal reach of 1400 mm and a vertical reach of 1200 mm. The robot is tested according to guidelines developed in the U.S.A., as much as the conditions allowed. Briefly, the results can be summarized as follows: the setup time for the robot is 10 minutes, it can reach speeds up to 8 km/h, it has a towing capacity of 40kg and the maximum communication reach is 20 meters. Among successful tests, the weaknesses were also found which act as a guide for future designs and developments. These weaknesses are what MVP concepts are actually developed for.

The aim of this article is to address key features and the wave of new technologies that Industry 4.0 brings to Aerospace and Defense Systems. This research paper enthusiastically depicts what the future of the Aerospace and Defense industry could be while also providing information about those braves enough to already step into the world of all around digitalization. With this approach, the aim is to interconnect every step of the operation towards creating a mostly perfect environment which cuts off any human mistake and guarantees increase in revenue stream and customer satisfaction. The main method of implementation of Industry 4.0 to many industries is digitalization. Digitalization is the digital upgrade to any company or industry which, when applied correctly, guarantees nothing but success in revenue streams and customer service. This process is a complex blend of many modern technologies and implementing such a hefty upgrade might be problematic to those who have been surviving on very old business models for tens of years. Industry 4.0 is a fast-changing environment and those who are quickly adapting to this wave of change are setting themselves for success. The primary goal of this research paper is to provide an insight into the world of technology Industry 4.0 offers and how that technology could help Aerospace and Defense create a portal to the future.

— This research aims to investigate the performances of thermal insulation materials using a comparative analysis. Particularly, the performances of natural insulation materials are compared with performances of non-renewables (petrochemical and inorganic), such as thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, global warming potential, and cost. In the past twenty years, the interest for the research on building energy demand reduction has been increased rapidly. Buildings were identified as a significant contributor to global energy consumption and global warming through the heating and air-conditioning systems. The literature observed that building energy demand takes up to 40% of the global energy consumption. Trends in addressing this issue are based on better thermal insulation of building envelope or using more energy-efficient materials. To carry out this research, the data were collected based on published research and comparatively analyzed. It was found that natural insulation materials have a significantly lower impact on global warming, longer useful lifetime, competitive thermal properties, better fire resistance, and favorable cost. Future trends and developments in reducing building energy demand would rely on sustainability. Sustainability is based on renewable natural resources, including renewable insulation materials, but if combined with significant participation of PCMs for latent heat energy storage, it will provide much better results. To get sustainable technologies applicable in full scale in the future, the overall problem has to be investigated, including user training and addressing the future workforce's challenges.

The surface integrity of any manufactured product produced in machining process has proved to have a significant impact on the performance of the product. Many parameters influence the integrity of the surface, few of which are microstructure of the material, surface roughness, residual stresses etc. Out of which the present work focuses on the residual stress of the machining, which majorly effects the fatigue strength of the product. Understanding the significance of residual stresses in machining, and influencing it using three basic parameters: feed, cutting speed and depth of cut to increase the products performance and life by optimizing these measures to best possible combination. It is done using both experimental and numerical methods and authors have compared the numerical and experimental values. For experimental purposes AISI 1045 steel was used and the residual stresses measurement was done using X-ray diffraction method.