This study investigated mortality rate of lungs carcinoma in professional vineyard sprayers. Clinical investigation was performed in 187 professional vineyard sprayers who had been exposed to the inhalation of the particles of Bordeaux mixture for 24 years on average. Bordeaux Mixture is used for prevention against mildew attacking vineyards. The control group was composed of 187 inhabitants of the same area who did not have any contact with the mentioned substance. A cytological investigation of the sputum specimens obtained from 104 tested inhabitants was performed. The sputum specimens were stained with standard haematoxylin-eosin method and also with special method (rubeanic acid) to prove the incidence of copper granules in macrophages. The findings show a considerable statistical difference in the frequency of occurrence of lungs carcinoma between the group of vineyard sprayers smokers and the control group (X2=4.77,p<0.01). The risk of lungs carcinoma in the vineyard sprayers was three times higher compared to the risk of smokers in the control group, with a statistical probability of 95% in the scope from 1.16<RR<7.78. Mortality risk of lungs carcinoma in the professional vineyard sprayers is significantly higher (p<0.01) compared to the risk in the control group.

The aim of this paper is to establish by immunohistochemistry the expression of keratin 7 in inflammatory-regenerative flat bowel mucosa and in different grades of epithelial dysplasia regarding the sub-units expressed in normal and carcinomatous colonic mucosa. Biopsy specimens from 270 patients were examined: 74 were classified as inflammatory-regenerative changes and 196 as dysplastic lesions. There were 108 cases of mild dysplasia, 58 cases of moderate and 30 cases of severe dysplasia, respectively). Demonstration of location and intensity of cytokeratin 7 staining was performed by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibody (anti-cytokeratin 7). Findings of cytokeratin 7 in dysplastic lesions were compared with those in normal mucosa, inflammatory -regenerative mucosa and adenocarcinoma. Cytokeratin 7 is not found in normal colonic mucosa. In inflammatory-regenerative mucosa it was found in solitary cells in small number of cases. It is found in all cases of epithelial dysplasia and its expression showed no difference regarding moderate and severe dysplasia. In few cases of adenocarcinoma, cytokeratin 7 is found in traces and showed minimal staining intensity. Having in mind that cytokeratine 7 is primarily found in dysplastic lesions of the flat colonic mucosa it can be a valuable diagnostic tool in the histological interpretation of epithelial dysplasia.

UNLABELLED The aim of this research is to establish by immunohistochemistry if there is a change in the expression of collagen type IV, as a substitute of basement membrane, in development of epithelial dysplasia in chronically inflamed colon mucosa. METHODS Biopsy specimens from 270 patients were examined: 74 were classified as inflammatory-regenerative and 196 as dysplastic lesions. There were 108 cases of mild dysplasia, 58 cases of moderate and 30 cases severe dysplasia, respectively. Visualisation of collagen IV and its way of expression within basement membrane of glandular crypts was performed by immunohistochemistry and then compared with findings in normal colon mucosa and colon adenocarcinoma tissue. RESULTS Changes in the expression of collagen IV comprised of its focal irregularities, diffuse thinning and/or thickening, focal interruptions or its complete absence. Significant changes in the expression of collagen IV in relation to normal mucosa already occur in inflammatory-regenerative mucosa. In mild dysplasia, these changes are more intensive in relation to those in inflammatory altered mucosa as well as at severe dysplasia in relation to moderate dysplasia. Changes in the expression of collagen IV in severe dysplasia are significantly more serious than in moderate dysplasia but are identical to those in colon adenocarcinoma tissue. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that change in the expression of collagen IV is in correlation to a degree of epithelial dysplasia that developed in flat chronically inflamed colon mucosa.

This is an immunohistochemical study of the local cellular immune response characteristic in inflammatory-regenerative and dysplastic flat colonic mucosa. The aim of this study is to determine a possible existence of the mononuclear cellular infiltration specificity which could be important for the prognosis in further development of dysplastic lesion. Biopsy specimens from 170 patients (specimens stained by hematoxylin eosin) were examined. 74 specimens showed inflammatory-regenerative changes and 96 had dysplastic changes (38 with mild dys-plasia, 28 with moderate dysplasia and 30 with severe dysplasia). Three monoclonal antibodies were used for the identification of mononuclear cells in the inflammatory cellular infiltration in the lamina propria of colonic mucosa. The inflammatory cells type and their location in respect of the epithelial cells and lesion itself were analysed and their number was determined by the semi-quantitative method. T lymphocytes were the dominant cells of local immune response in dysplastic lesions while macrophages were less present and B lymphocytes, as rare cells, were present in sporadic cases. It is notified that increase in the extent of dysplasia was followed by increase in the number of macrophages and T lymphocytes in particular. Immediate contact between macrophages and T lymphocytes in epithelial dysplasia was found in a small number of cases and was mostly independent from the intensity of dysplasia. Signs of the direct lytical effect of the mononuclear ceils on dysplastic epithelial cells were not observed in this contact. It seems that epithelial dysplasia does not provoke more significant local immune response which is the most probably a part of the chronic non-specific inflammation that has a negative influence on further development of the lesion. The conclusion is that local immune response in the dysplastic alteration of flat colonic mucosa has no importance in further prognosis of the lesion.