Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate a relationship between seasonal variation and incidence of type A acute aortic dissection (AAD) and spontaneous abdominal aneurysm rupture (rAAA) in Canton Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Patients and methods: A total of 81 cases, 41 AAD and 40 of ruptured AAA were identified from one center over a 6-year, from 2008 till 2013. In 2012 were admitted (45.6% or 36 patients). Results: Seasonal analysis showed that 19(23.4%) patients were admitted in spring, 15(18.5) in summer, 26(32%) in autumn and 21(25.9) in winter. The most frequent period was autumn/winter with 47 or 58% patients. A causal link between atmospheric pressure (AP) and incidence of rAAA and AAD on seasonal and monthly basis was found.

AIM The aim of this study was to investigate a relationship between seasonal variation and incidence of type A acute aortic dissection (AAD) and spontaneous abdominal aneurysm rupture (rAAA) in Canton Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 81 cases, 41 AAD and 40 of ruptured AAA were identified from one center over a 6-year, from 2008 till 2013. In 2012 were admitted (45.6% or 36 patients). RESULTS Seasonal analysis showed that 19(23.4%) patients were admitted in spring, 15(18.5) in summer, 26(32%) in autumn and 21 (25.9) in winter. The most frequent period was autumn/winter with 47 or 58% patients. A causal link between atmospheric pressure (AP) and incidence of rAAA and AAD on seasonal and monthly basis was found.

ABSTRACT The study is designed to evaluate the influence of remifentanil/propofol anesthesia on ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) occurrence and respiratory support (RS) time after major cardiac surgery. Material and methods: In retrospective-prospective study we investigated the respiratory support time and VAP occurrence in group of 47 patients with remifentanil/propofol and 35 patients with fentanil/midazolam anesthesia after major cardiac surgery in period June 2009–December 2011. Groups are divided in subgroups depending of who underwent cardiac surgery with or without cardiopulmonary by pass (CPB). Results: The time of respiratory support (RS) was the shortest in remifentanil group without CPB (R/Off 63min ± 44.3 vs R/On 94min ± 49.2 p=0,22), but was longer in fentanil group (F/Off 142 min ± 102.2 vs F/On 212 min ± 102.2 p=0.0014). The duration of RS of ON pump remifentanil group was shorter than in ON pump fentanil group (R/On 94 min vs F/On 212 min p=0.0011). The time of RS of OFF pump remifentanil group was lower than in Off pump entangle group (R/Off 63min ± 44,3 vs F/Off 142min ± 102.2 p=0,021) with statistically significance. Ventilator–associated pneumonia was detected in 7 patients (8.5 %). Six patients (17.1%) were from entangle group and one patient (2.1%) from remifentanil group. The most common isolates were Pseudomonas aeruginosa in all patients and both Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonia in one patient. Conclusion: The remifentanil anesthesia regimen in cardiac surgery decreases length of respiratory support duration and can prevent development of VAP. The role of remifentanil anesthesia in preventing VAP, as one of the most important risk factor of in-hospital mortality after cardiac surgery is still incompletely understood and should be investigated further.

72 544x376 Normal 0 21 false false false BS-CYRL-BA X-NONE X-NONE The occurrence of hypocalcemia is an important and frequent complication of thyroidectomy that occurs in up to 75% of all surgeries. The value of serial measurement of serum calcium in postoperative period has a questionable validity. We aimed to evaluate the value of serial calcium measurements and other clinical and biochemical factors as predictors for occurrence of hypocalcaemia. We prospectively evaluated 50 patients subjected to thyroid surgery due to various indications during the year 2011. Predictive values of serial calcium measurements were evaluated by using Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis. We recruited 50 patients with average age (SD) of 49.32 (12.15) years, spanning from 18 to 72 years. There were 38 (76%) female patients with women to men ratio of 3.17 to 1. There were 13 (26%) patients with the occurrence of hypocalcemia, out of which the most had temporary hypocalcemia (11; 22%). when comparing malignancy (8/17; 47.1%) vs. other reasons for surgery (5/33;15.15%), there were proportionally more patients with hypocalcaemia, among patients referred for surgery due to thyroid malignancy (X 2 =4.39; df=1; p=0.036). We compared predictive value of each particular calcium measurement for prediction of occurrence of hypocalcaemia and there was no statistical difference between AUROCs. A detailed ROC analysis for calcium measurement on day 2 was performed with the best performing threshold value of calcium of 1.95 with sensitivity of 70%, specificity of 97% and positive and negative predictive value of 90%. Serial measurement of calcium in postoperative period after thyroid surgery is not necessary and that measurement on second day after surgery is sufficient for predicting the occurrence of hypocalcaemia. Values of calcium measured 6 hours after the surgery may be used as an early and less precise predictor for occurrence of hypocalcaemia.

AIMS Determination of degree of liver function damadge after nonpentrative and penetrative injury as well as degree of postoperative recovery of liver function after surgical procedure of penetrative and non-penetrative injury. METHODS 60 patients were analised by retrospective-prospective study after surgery performed on University-Clinical Centre Tuzla in period from March 2008 to June 2011, out of which 30 of them were surgicaly treated for non-penetrative and 30 for penetrative liver injury. All patients were determined for values of total billirubine, direct billirubine, albumins, aspartat aminotransferasis (AST), alanin aminotransferasis (ALT) in preoperative period and in two weeks of postoperative recovery. In statistical data processing T-test of independent variables was used along with methods of descriptive statistical analysis. the difference on level p < 0,05 is statisticaly significant. RESULTS Significant difference of values in direct billirubine, total proteins, albumins, AST, ALT was found by analysis of paremeters in liver function in preoperative period and among values in total and direct billirubine, total proterins, albumins, AST, ALT on 7th and 15th postoperative day among tested groups. CONCLUSION Liver function damaged is larger after non-pentrative liver trauma in comparing to penetrative one. Liver function recovery is longer after surgical procedure of penetrative liver injury in comparing to non-pentrative liver injury.

UNLABELLED Pancreatic tumor is one with the worst prognosis of all cancers, and the tenth most frequent cancer in Europe, making the 3% of all cancers affecting both sexes. Most patients seek treatment when the disease is in its advanced stage and the level for possible resectability is low. Late presentation of the disease is responsible for the short survival period of 6 months and a five-year survival of 0.4 to 5% of patients. At the Clinic for Surgery in Tuzla during period from January 1st 1996, to January 1st 2011, a total of 127 resection surgeries were performed due to malignant tumors. The goal of this study was to show that adequate assessment of operability, proper surgical strategy and modern techniques of creating anastomoses reduces morbidity and mortality, results in fewer postoperative complications and contributes to better surgical results. In our study sample the most common place of tumor location was the head of pancreas, in 69 (59.7%) patients. Men develop this type of cancer more often than women in the ratio of 2:1, while the median age of patients was 62 years. We faced postoperative complications in 37 (29.1%) patients, pancreatic fistula being the most prevalent complication, occurring in 16 (12.6%) patients. Overall early and late postoperative mortality was observed in 12 (9.8%) patients. CONCLUSION Patients with chronic and hereditary pancreatitis are at a higher risk for developing pancreatic cancer and should be screened for the purpose of early diagnosis. The staging of pancreatic cancer has improved, with the accuracy of 85-90%. Postoperative complications, morbidity, and mortality are significantly reduced (p < 0.05) if the standardized operational procedure is applied and if modern techniques are used to create pancreaticojejunal anastomosis as the anastomosis carrying the highest risk.

INTRODUCTION Hepatic resection is the accepted treatment for various liver tumors. Increasing evidence suggests that two factors significantly influence outcome and successfulness of the hepatic resection in patients with HCC in cirrhosis. There are liver function recovery and the degree of inflammation during early postoperative period. OBJECTIVE Aim of this study was to determine whether probiotic use influences on liver function recovery, degree of inflammation during early postoperative period, intraoperative risk, type and frequency of intraoperative and postoperative complications, morbidity, intraoperative and early postoperative mortality and a one-year survival rate in patients who have been used probiotic, and underwent the hepatic resection due to HCC in cirrhosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Study was conducted on 120 patients underwent the hepatic resection due to HCC in cirrhosis. This study has been done in University Clinical Centers Tuzla, Maribor and Strasbourg from October 2006 till February 2008. Patients were divided into 2 groups: 1) patients with liver cirrhosis and histologically verified HCC whom underwent liver resection surgery (segmentectomy/ bisegmenctetomy, right and left hemihepatectomy/extended hemihepatectomy) that used preoperatively and postoperatively probiotics (n = 60), 2) a control group of patients with liver cirrhosis and HCC, which did not use preoperative and postoperative probiotics (N = 60). Treatment with probiotics was conducted 3 days preoperatively and postoperatively with 7 day's oral supplementation. RESULTS This study have shown next: patients underwent to the hepatic resection due to HCC in cirrhosis who have been used preoperatively and postoperatively probiotic had liver function recovery better and faster, acute immune response better, serum level of tumor markers lower, intraoperative and postoperative complications were less frequent, and morbidity and mortality rates were lower than in those who have not been using probiotic. CONCLUSION Probiotic use may make liver function recovery better and increases immune response in early postoperative period and positively influences outcome and successfulness of the hepatic resection in patients with HCC in cirrhosis.

UNLABELLED The gallbladder cancer is the most common primary cancer of the hepatobiliary system, and ranks fifth of the cancers of the gastrointestinal system. It is accidentaly found in 1-3 % of patients with gallstone disease, and in 0,5-2,4% on postmortem exam. GOAL Show the incidence, clinical state, and suplement the diagnostic procedure of the patients with the risk factors for gallbladder cancer. Find proper surgical treatment in every stage of the disease according to Nevin-Moran system and the hystological type of the cancer. METHODS Retrospectively we evaluated all cholecystectomies in our hospital in a three year period. We established the incidence of gallbladder cancer and we tried to discover the common characteristics of this group of patients. We analized the histological type of the cancer, and the stage of the disease in correlation with clinical presentation, results of the surgical treatment , and the survival and the quality of life. RESULTS In three years we performed 2553 cholecystectomies, and in 1,7 % of patients -43 patient we discovered the cancer of gallbladder. It is 5 times more common in females. The mean age of the patients with gallbladder cancer is 65 years (55 - 82 years). The etiology of this disease is unknown. In 5 (11,6 %) patients cancer is discovered preoperatively. In 38 (88,4 %) patients it was adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder. Other morphologic types are analplastic cancer, carcinosarcoma, and "squamous cell carcinoma". In 30 patients (69,8 %) we performed cholecystectomy, and in 8 (18,6%) patients extended cholecystectomy with its components. Radical resective procedures on liver were performed in 5 (11,6%) patients. According to the localisation in 60% of cases the cancer was located in fundus, in 30% of cases in corpus,and 10% of cases in the neck of the gallbladder. No patient with stage V survived 1 year after the procedure. CONCLUSION The incidence of the gallbladder cancer in our series is in the slight increase. The quality of life and the survival are inversely correlated with the depth of the invasion and the extent of the spread of the cancer. The extensive surgical procedures in advanced stage of the disease, because of the grim prognosis, does not justify the risk of the operative treatment.

UNLABELLED The news in understanding intrahepatal anatomy, such as radiology contemporary technology making easier segmental and bisegmental access to hepatal resection. This access comprises resection of isolated anatomical segments or a sector of liver which is depends of magnitude of intrahepatal pathological process. After segmental or bisegmental resection of liver, patients were analysed in the period from 15 and 30 days after the operation. Analysis of patients from this period comprise: localisation of tumour in relation on segments, liver test and follow up, technique of resection, intraoperative stream, the period of operation, blood follow up through v. portae, blood loss and quantitative and qualitative analysis of postoperative complications. RESULTS between January 2000 and March 2005, sixty two subject were analysed that have been operated on our clinic (segmental or bisegmental resection), because of the metastatic process of liver and hepatocellular carcinoma of liver (HCC). Hospital mortality was 2.1%, with most often mortality in patients with HCC and cirrhosis of liver. High of morbidity from this period were 19,8%. Need for transfusion of blood (fresh erythrocytes) were 1,2 +/- 0,5 U. Patients with HCC had more needs from blood transfusions contrary patients without HCC; 2,9 +/- 1,4 contrary 0,7 +/- 0,28 U (p<0,05). Recidivism of malignant process in hepatal margin were 2,7%. CONCLUSION Segmental hepatal resection is very accurate technique which makes possible complete resection of tumour and in the same time preservation of healthy liver parenchyma. Segmental hepatal resection is especially useful for patients with HCC and patients with recidivism or progress of primary process.

Surgical treatment of stomach carcinoma by its specificity and takes the important place in oncological surgery. Incidence is in rise and every year about 250.000 new patients are registered. Identifying the sympotoms of disease, early diagnostics and surgical treatment improve the prognosis and results of treatment. Radical total gastrectomy (R0) and systematic lymphadenectomy (D2) represent a standard in surgical treatment of resectible stomach tumor. As for the lymphadenectomy, number of complications of surgical treatment is considerably getting higher. The objective of the paper is to show the frequency and variety of complications, the way of their treatment and results. 58 patients underwent radical total gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy in period of four years in our clinic. Sex ration is 2 : 1 in favour of men. Average age is 41.8 +/- 10.2 years. The most present abdominal complication is dehiscence of esophagojejunal anastomse 19.0% and of extraabdominal complication it is the deep vein thrombose 6.8%. Reconstruction of gastrointestinal continuity by method of Roux is the most present 55.2%. In early postoperative course 4.6% reoperations were made. Average duration of operation is 185 +/- 8.6 min. There has not been intraoperative morality. Postoperative moratily for 30 days is 10.3%, for 90 days 6.8%. Postoperative mortality and morbidity, number and different postoperative complications are statistically much higher in patients with systematic D2 and D3 lymphadenectomy (p < 0.05).

BACKGROUND In a very short time, malignant obstructions of distal choledochus cause a lot of damage to the liver function that may result in serious intra operative and postoperative complications and consequent high hospital mortality. Contradictory results with respect to the recovery of the liver function and origin of intra operative and postoperative complications lead us believe in the necessity of the evaluation of the preoperative placement of billiar stent in these patients, knowing that these patients see the doctor in the advanced stage of the disease with the relatively high level of the liver function damage. The goal of this research was a quantitative and qualitative analysis of intra operative and postoperative complications as well as high hospital mortality in both groups of subjects so that through this kind and scope of complications and mortality rate we could indirectly reach the conclusion relating to efficiency of the billiar stent placement. Another goal of the research was the analysis of liver tests before the operation and ten days after the operation with both groups of subjects so that, based upon the speed of their normalization, the conclusion could be reached in relation to the speed and level of the liver function recovery after the performed pancreatoduodenectomy. RESULTS The subjects from the first group had more expressed symptoms of jaundice and high temperature and fever whereas in respect to the other presented symptoms there was no statistically significant difference. Preoperative values of ALT and AST values and the total values of bilirubin and C-reactive protein were statistically significantly higher in the first group of subjects (p<0.05). Contrary to that, ALP and GGT enzymes value were higher but there was no statistically significant difference between the compared groups. After the operation the normalization of all mentioned parameters of the liver function occurs in both groups of subjects but ALT, AST, ALP and GGT enzymes values and total bilirubin values in the first group of subjects were closer to the reference values. Based upon these data we can conclude that the liver function recovery also was better and faster. By analyzing intra operative complications no statistically significant difference was found between the compared groups. The total ratio of postoperative complications was 32 %, compared to 40 %, which is not a statistically significant difference. With respect to fistula and infections there were no statistically significant differences. Other postoperative complications in both groups were almost equally present and are not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Better liver function recovery in the first group of subjects and the equal ratio of complications in both group of subjects, justifies the application of preoperative placement of billiar stent under our conditions.

Most attacks of acute pancreatitis are self limiting, and the patients recover completely within days or weeks. In a few cases, however, the course is severe, with development of organ failure (single or multiple) and local complications such as necrosis, abscesses, and pseudocist. Between 01.01.2001-01.06.2004, 286 cases of acute pancreatitis were treated in our clinic. The purpose of this study is to represent indication for operative treatment of acute pancreatitis and its complications, according to the Atlanta classification. According to our date, the most frequent cause are changes on biliary tract. Of these 286 patients, 247 suffered from a mild or moderate type of acute pancreatitis and responded fully to medical treatment (215 patients) or to biliary tract surgery (32 patients). The hospital mortality of this group of patients was 2.4%. Surgery was indicated when the patients developed signs of an acute abdomen (9 patients), pancreatic pseudocyst (7 patients), progressiv icterus (2 patients), infection of pancreatic necrosis (10 patients), and pancreatic abscess (7 patients). Four patients with pancreatic necrosis were stable, and they had conservative treatment. The most difficult decision in the management of these patients is whether surgery is required and which of the complementary approaches to necrosectomy and drainage is appropriate. The hospital mortality of patients with severe acute pancreatitis was 28.2%. Multiple organ failure was the predominant cause of death.

Locally advanced colorectal canter may require an intraoperative decision for the block resection of surrounding organs or structures to achieve complete tumour removal. This decision must weigh the risk of complications and death of multivisceral resection against a potential survival benefit. Little is known about the prognostic factors and their influence on the outcome of multivisceral resection for colorectal cancer. We demonstrate our experience with multivisceral resections for the primary colorectal cancer. Patients undergoing multivisceral resection for primary colon or rectal cancer between I-I.2000-I-VII.2003 were identified from retrospective database. Multivisceral resection was performed in 41 of 378 patients with a median age of 61 years. Postoperative rates of complications and death in 41 patients were 30.9% and 12.1%. Histologic tumour infiltration was shown in 58.3% of patients with curative resection. Multivisceral resection is safe, and long-term survival after curative resection is similar to that after standard resection. As the palliative resections cannot be predicted accurately at the time of surgery, every effort should be made to achieve complete tumour resection.