Introduction: Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia, and represents a disease of the modern age, disease of the 21st century. Prevention of this disease is listed as imperative. Aim of this article was to evaluate questionnaires on the assessment of risk factors for Diabetes Mellitus type 2. Material and Methods: A total of 540 questionnaires handed out randomly to citizens of Canton Sarajevo of all ages, sexes and educational levels (in January 2016) were analyzed. Results: Analyzed questionnaires showed relatively low risk of getting diabetes in the next ten years in the majority of the population. These results are rather encouraging but may in some way be in confrontation with the statistics which show a rapid outburst of diabetes. Conclusion: The life-style is the main reason for such a thing to happen, and looking at these questionnaires, we might get the feeling that we really do live in a, conditionally speaking, physically active society. That, from our everyday experience is not entirely true. It would be wise to continue doing research on this topic on the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

On Saturday 14 May 2016 in Sarajevo, at the Holiday Inn hotel, was organized a reunion meeting of graduates at the Medical Faculty, University of Sarajevo, who graduated during the academic year 1975/76. The reason for the meeting was the celebration of the 40th anniversary of graduation, or so called “Faculty Graduation”. In one word, it was a lovely, wistful, poignant encounter of one, unfortunately, small group of graduates, as I said in my presentation, the best 25th anniversary generation of the Medical Faculty in Sarajevo. Generation that brought on their shoulders the most significant reform of the medical studies in Yugoslavia and that produced more than 40 university teachers worldwide. I said, unfortunately, because gathered a little more than 10% of our generation many were not able to come because of their work and family responsibilities, some were not informed on time about the gathering, some work and live quite far away, out of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Europe, so it is difficult to reconcile work with other circumstances, but, unfortunately, many of our generation are not alive anymore. It was a moving presentation from each of us – these were short personal histories with a mixture of beauty, sadness and melancholy, joy and sorrow, success and failure in life and work, family and personally. Most of our colleagues who attended the gathering dinner are still employed, while a few have retired. The first wail that they had enough, and the second teased them that they have reborn since retirement. Dominated is the love for the profession that we have chosen and which we enjoyed or still enjoy, but everyone emphasized their success to their offspring daughters, sons and grandchildren. Those that reminded of lost family members by their tears, which they could not hide, saddened also the rest of us. Unfortunately, many colleagues are not among us, who left this world by natural causes, lost their lives during the war or otherwise. People talked about the adventures, the small fragments of our student life. As usual in such situations and in our age, we remember good times – also often difficult REVIEW

JOSHUA LEDERBERG (1925–2008) Joshua Lederberg (May 23, 1925 - February 2, 2008) was an American molecular biologist known for his work in microbial genetics, artificial intelligence, and the United States space program. He was just 33 years old when he won the 1958 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering about bacterial genetic information transfer. His father, Zvi Lederberg, was an orthodox rabbi; and his mother Esther a homemaker. Joshua felt drawn to science at an early age, stating in a homework assignment at age seven that his career aspiration was to become “like Einstein,” to “discover a few theories in science.” He graduated from Stuyvesant at the age of fifteen. At the Columbia University, his mentor Francis J. Ryan introduced him to the red bread mold, Neurospora, as an important new experimental system in the emerging field of biochemical genetics. In the United States Navy’s V-12 training program, he performed his military training duties and examined stool and blood specimen from malaria patients. After receiving his bachelor’s degree in zoology in 1944, he enrolled in Columbia University’s College of Physicians and Surgeons and continued to do his research. Lederberg carried out experiments with the intestinal bacterium Escherichia coli which demonstrated that certain strains of bacteria can undergo a sexual stage, that they mate and exchange genes. The most important of his discovery was the discovery of viral transduction, the ability of viruses that infect bacteria to transfer snippets of DNA from one infected bacterium to another and insert them into the latter’s genome. The use of viruses in manipulating bacterial genomes became the basis of genetic engineering in the 1970s. In the year 1958 he received a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, along with Tatum and George W. Beadle, “for his discoveries concerning genetic recombination and the organization of the genetic material of bacteria.” The launch of Sputnik in 1957 led Lederberg toward an interest in astronomy that lasted 20 years. His concern about the risk of spacecraft returning to Earth with contaminants from space resulted in a quarantine for space travel that remains in effect today. He went on to design experiments intended to detect the presence of life on Mars, resulting in the Mars Viking lander. Lederberg became increasingly aware of the value of computers. He formed collaborations with researchers at Stanford to create a program for analyzing mass-spectrometric data of molecular structures, called DENDRAL, which led to further programs for disease diagnosis and management. It was the first expert system for specialized use in science. Over the course of his life, Lederberg was elected to the National Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Medicine, received the National Medal of Science, was named an honorary life member of the New York Academy of Sciences, was awarded Foreign Membership of the Royal Society of London and holds the title of Commandeur, L’ordre des arts et des lettres in France. Lederberg published over 300 scientific and policy-related articles and was the editor of several books, including Papers in Microbial Genetics: Bacteria and Bacterial Viruses (1951), Emerging Infections: Microbial Threats to Health in the United States (1992), and Biological Weapons: Limiting the Threat (1999). His first marriage ended in divorce and he remarried Marguerite Stein Kirsch, a clinical psychologist, with whom he had two children. Following a battle with pneumonia, Lederberg passed away in New York in 2008 at the age of 82. Interesting facts: As a child, his idol was Einstein. He was a member of Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge. He studied how astronauts from Sputnik can contaminate Earth with space organisms - modern space quarantine. He invented first expert system for specialized use in science. He won a Nobel Prize at the age of 33.

Introduction: Determination of the overall risk of coronary disease, enables the health professionals for planning the intensity of preventive action. Aim: The aim of this study is that by the results obtained using a modified algorithm with tables adopted by the European Society of Cardiology demonstrate the possibilities for assessment of the risk of coronary heart disease degree, for application to the targeted individual or risk factors groups. Material and methods: The study was conducted as a retrospective, prospective and controlled (included two groups of 200 respondents). Results: By comparing the presence of risk factors according to the representation of groups of diseases, or myocardial infarction, results showed that the European and SCORE table have significantly lower levels of risk factors, or those with sustained myocardial infarction are ranked in groups of low and present risk in relation to our algorithm which patients with myocardial infarction ranked as high and pronounced degree of risk. Results showed that the European and SCORE table significantly reduce the levels of risk or the persons with heart failure have been ranked in the group of low and present risks in relation to our algorithm which patients with coronary insufficiency ranked as pronounced degree of risk. Conclusion: Determination of the overall risk of coronary disease, enables the health professionals for planning the intensity of preventive action. The activities of primary prevention of risk factors, or already resulting disease, may be helpful in assessing the reduction in economic costs in healthcare, both due to lower morbidity, and reducing the total cost of treatment of patients with coronary disease.

[This retracts the articles DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2014.68.132-136, DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2014.68.79-81, DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2015.69.393-395.].

Peer review is at the heart of the processes of not just medical journals but of all of science. It is the method by which grants are allocated, papers published, academics promoted, and Nobel prizes won (1). Each article, which is submitted for publication in a particular journal, according to the ethical and the established standards of practice, must pass through a peer-review process (2-7). The articles go through a peer-review process, without the authors’ names, and this is essentially a blind process. Common practice is to peer-review an article by two experts, prominent enough for scholarly careers in the field from which the article comes. Through years-long experience of the editor, of several journals, I think that a search for an appropriate peer-reviewer is the most complex part in the scope of responsibilities of the editor. Theoretically, everyone wants gladly to review particular article. The higher the impact factor of the journal is, this desire grows. In practice, every fourth petition for review of a certain work is accepted (8-12). Editors are faced with many dilemmas and primarily, through the numerous e-mails, they reach a certain reviewer, after a period, which sometimes last up to a year. Sometimes this review contains only two sentences, and the editor is forced to look for new potential reviewer as a decision on the work cannot be made, on the basis of two sentences. Each reviewer receives copy of the journal, for which he/she writes its opinion on the above-mentioned work.

Introduction: Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo has officially started working on 22.11.1944, and is the oldest faculty in the medical field in Bosnia and Herzegovina. At the same time there are two systems of organization of the teaching process, the old system and the Bologna system. Aim: To analyze the implementation of the Bologna system, and making an overview of its justification. Material and methods: Answers from questionnaires from total of 459 students were analyzed (197 who had studied under the old system and 262 who studied under the Bologna system), so total of four generations of the Bologna system. They filled out a questionnaire in which they evaluated the teaching process. Student’s opinion about quality of medical education was measured by modified Lickert scale. Results: Students of old system are older than students of the Bologna process, whose average age is increasing from generation to generation, given the growing number of students who repeat a year. All students of old system repeated an academic year once or several times (p <0.05). Analysis of average grades showed statistically significant difference (p <0.05), where students in the Bologna system had higher averages than students who were studying under the old system. The presence of large number of female students, in both systems is significant (p <0.05). Out of 33 questions about satisfaction of class, 15 were answered with better average grade from students of the Bologna system. A slight improvement in the Bologna system is in terms of the evaluation of the quality of the educational process (teachers, methods, effects). The only significant progress has been proven in terms of rating the degree of computerization of the educational process–general records on enrolled students (old system vs Bologna system–3,44 vs 3,63), record of attendance (3,47 vs 3,73), obtaining certificates (3,08 vs 3,84), method of registration of exam (2,98 vs 3,71), method of practical exam (3,06 vs 3,36) and theoretical methods of taking exam (3,01 vs 3,14). Average grades where no average grade, on any issue, does not reach grade 4 of Likert Scale, talks about real problems of education in medical field. Conclusion: In a relatively large sample (four generations of students) true benefit and progress of the Bologna system has not been proven, in comparison to the old system. Bologna system has eased the students in the administrative sense by introduction of computerization of faculties, but the old problems and old questions about the organization’s process and delivery have not been eliminated.

Introduction: Acta Informatica Medica is official journal of the Academy for Medical Sciences of Bosnia and Herzegovina (from 2014 Acta Inform Med is published bimonthly). Aim: To evaluate journal “Acta Informatica Medica” in 2015 and compare findings to previous years. Material and methods: The study has retrospective and descriptive character, and included the period 2008-2015 (included 36 issues of journal). Results: A total of 83 (average 13,8 articles per journal) articles were published in Acta Informatica Medica during 2015. Analyzing the type of articles, original articles are present in majority during 2015 (68,6%) (by analyzing last eight years, 310 (67,3%) were original). During 2015, 27,7% of articles were related to the applied of Health informatics in field of clinical medicine, 63,8% preclinical medicine and 8,5% to public health. Collaboration rate in 2015 was 0,84. Most often the time required for decision on acceptance of article in 2015 is between 50 and 60 days. Articles came from 16 countries. According to scimagojr.com for 2014, Acta Informatica Medica has SCImago Journal Rank 0,166, while Cites / Doc. (2 years) parameter (widely used as impact index) is 0,70. According to GoogleScholar, h5 index is 11 and h5 median is 19. We analyzed the Acta Informatica Medica by “Publish or Perish” software - H index was 14, g index was 19 and e-index was 10.39. Conclusion: Year after year the highest number of original articles are published. Although the period of revision of articles is acceptable, the period up to two months is certainly not long, the goal is to reduce this period. Although the magazine in mentioned field found its place, although it is indexed in numerous bases, including: PubMed, PubMed Central, SCOPUS, EMBASE, EBSCO, etc. The main goal for next year is that the magazine becomes part of the Web of Science. Imperative is further internationalization of the magazine.

David B. Shires (1931–2011) David Shires was Professor of Family Medicine and Community Health and Epidemiology at Dalhouaie University, Canada (1-3). Dr. Shires has practiced medicine in Africa, United Kingdom and United States and has been a resident in Canada for the past 20 years. His early work includes development of a computerized medical record system for the Apollo astronauts. Dr. Shires was elected President of the International Medical lnformatics Association (IMIA) in 1980, and holds Honorary Fellowship, in IMIA as well as the British Computer Society. In 1983 in Paris, he received the Silver Core award for meritorious services to international computing by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP). In 1974 he published a book on Computer Technology called “Computer Technology in the Health Sciences” and in 1986 he co-authored “Family Medicine: A Guidebook for Practitioners of the Art”. David B. Shires assumed the IMIA presidency in 1980, one year after the transition from TC4. During his term (1980-1983), Shires reached agreements with the regional group for Central and South America, known as IMIA-LAC (Latin American Countries), and the most populous country in the world, the People’s Republic of China (PRC), making them active participating members in IMIA. Shires saw IMIA as a family, within which “the then USSR and Eastern Bloc countries as well as other countries such as Cuba, could indulge in animated and mutually productive discussions with their western counterparts with each respecting the other’s political differences.” IMIA worked to become meaningful to developing countries and forged new bonds with the World Health Organization. In 1992, Shires reflected that “IMIA has grown considerably in reputation, recognition and credibility in the ten years since I left the presidency, largely due to the continuing hard work of Presidents Peterson, Kaihara and Willams.” Today IMIA reflects Shires’ goal for his presidency in its international constituency, which goes “beyond the Europe–North America-Japan axis to much greater world vision.” Today, the IMIA family includes a newly invigorated African region (HELINA) and is well on its way to facilitating the establishment of a Middle East Region. (MedInfo 1983: Amsterdam, The Netherlands).

Introduction: The most common clinical sign in pediatric cardiology is a heart murmur (organic and inorganic). Organic are sign of heart disease, while inorganic (basically divided into accidental and functional) murmurs occur on anatomically healthy heart. Aim: To determine the justification of the application of the methods of cardiac treatment. Patients and methods: Study included 116 children aged from 1 to 15 years, who were referred due to cardiac treatment to Pediatric Clinic, of Sarajevo University Clinical Center. Results: The first group consisted of children with innocent heart murmur, 97 (53 males). The second group consisted of patients with organic murmur, 19 (13 males). The average age of the first group was 7.69 (1.01–15.01) years old, and of the second group 3.15 (1.01- 8.06) years old, and there is a significant difference between these two groups (p <0.001). Medical history questions about potentially harmful habits of mother in pregnancy, found significant differences in the frequency of the existence of habits between the first and second groups of subjects (14.44% vs. 85.1%, p = 0.013). The values of the pulse of patients showed statistically significant difference (p = 0.012). The most common place of the murmurs’ appearance is the second left intercostal space. In the first group, the most common were vibratory (32.3%) and ejection (31.9%) and in the second the most common were holosystolic (73.7%) murmur. Analyzing the R/S ratio of V1, a significant difference among the two groups was found (mean 0.78 vs. the values for 1.45, p = 0.003). There is a significance in terms of developed hypertrophy of the heart cavities (BVH) between the two groups. The most common accidental murmur was classic vibratory Still’s murmurs (55.43%) and the most common congenital heart defects was ASD (36.8%). Conclusions: A heart murmur itself, should not be the purpose of auscultation. One of the tasks of pediatricians, pediatric cardiologists in particular would be to improve auscultation, as a sovereign method of heart murmurs assessment. Heart murmur assessment should be adapted to recognize whether heart murmur is innocent, or there is suspected or probable congenital heart defect.

Introduction: Information technologies (IT) are becoming a tool without which further education of both medical students and doctors would not be possible. Aim: The aim of this paper was to analyze the use of IT in the prism of two systems, the old system and the Bologna system. Material and methods: Answers from questionnaires from total of 459 students (2012/13–2015/16 generation) were analyzed. Results: The presence of large number of female students, in both systems is significant (p <0.05). About 92% of students of the old system and 98% of students of the Bologna system use computer in everyday work (only 36% of old system and 47% of the Bologna system are using “faculties” computers). The computer is used for entertainment, education, information (via Internet) and for communication (e-mail, chat, social networks) (68.5% of the old system and 84% of students of the Bologna system have chosen all 4 offered answers). MS Word and MS Power Point are significantly more used compared to the use of MS Excel in both systems (p <0.05). The knowledge necessary to use their computers student of both systems have acquired through individual work. Students feel that they need to improve knowledge of the treatment of sub-base (76% of students of the old system and 62% of students of the Bologna system). Having analyzed the generation of 2015/16, 84.5% of students of the Bologna system and 75% of students of the old system used smartphones or tablets. The purpose of using a smartphone is, in most cases for accessing the social networks. 77.4% of smartphone users of the Bologna system, or 73.3% of the users of the old system have installed an application from the medical field. We analyzed the opinions of the availability of online course content and the degree of computerization of the study process and the possibility of electronic access to the literature - the results are not at the appropriate level. Conclusion: Education in software solutions that are connected to databases processing, must be imperative in reform of the teaching process. IT can only improve the teaching process, the organization of the education system in most eminent universities is undeniably linked to information technologies.

The transition from the 20th to the 21st century was one of the most dynamic periods in the history of science and scientific journals. Numerous articles are almost entirely prepared in electronic form, so the creation of many databases with full texts become relatively easy problem to solve. A large number of the journals appeared in form of open access in electronic form available for end users - readers. But often the question raises about the value of these scientific journals with journals that are still available and already present on a commercial basis. In particular, this applies to journals within medicine, where reliability and quality, or the credibility of the information itself is of great importance for science itself.

MARSDEN S. BLOIS (1919–1988) Marsden Scott Blois Jr., was an internationally recognized physician and scientist – professor of Dermatology and professor of Medical information science, visionary in Health Informatics. Scott Blois was Professor and Chairman of the Section on Medical Information Science at the University of California in San Francisco (1-4). Also, he was Professor of Dermatology and founder and Director of the Melanoma Clinic in San Francisco. Scott was born in San Antonio, Texas, January 5, 1919. He lived in various areas of California during his early schooling, including the Central Valley and San Francisco. He enrolled in the United States Naval Academy in 1938 and because of World War II he graduated a year early in 1941 and immediately assigned as a line officer on a destroyer escort in the South Pacific. Scott spent the remaining years of the war conducting classified work for what was to become the Office of Naval Research (ONR) in Washington, D.C. where he continued to carry out research in the Navy as Director of Research at the naval facilities in Corona, California. When he resigned from the Navy he studied physics at Stanford University where he worked under Professor Paul Kirkpatrick on the physical and magnetic properties of deposited metallic thin films. He received his Ph.D. in physics from Stanford in 1952. After receiving his degree in physics, Scott joined with some other physics graduates interested in physical approaches to biology, to help found the Biophysics Laboratory on the Stanford campus as part of the Hansen Laboratories of Applied Physics. Scott later served as Director of the Biophysics Graduate Program, while developing his research on the electron spin resonance of biopolymers, including melanins. He observed the presence of free radicals trapped in melanin, and was one of the first investigators to suggest that free radicals were an integral part of biological systems. Scott began his medical studies at Stanford Medical School while he was Director of the Biophysics Laboratory, a position he left to begin a dermatology residency at Department of Dermatology at Stanford, chaired. by Dr. Eugene Farber, sometimes worked very hardly and more than 10-15 hours daily on his research and as physician with patients. The Melanoma Clinic at UCSF began because of Scott’s recognition of the fragmentation of care for melanoma patients. In 1971 dermatologists and family physicians were seeing the initial lesions, and surgeons were rather radically performing “definitive therapy.”(4). At that point many patients were left on their own without any coherent or recognizable followup. Scott Blois organized, Together with physicians at Temple University (Dr. Wallace H. Clark Jr.), New York University (Dr. Alfred Kopf) and Massachusetts General Hospital (Dr. Thomas B. Fitzpatrick), the Melanoma Clinical Cooperative Group. Purpose of this Group was assembling a data base of clinical information. Dr. Wallace Clark called it the “natural history of neoplasia.” (4). It was visionary idea–the early attempts to collect large numbers of attributes about one important “clinical entity”. After a period of several years the Melanoma Cooperative Group was no longer funded, but the institutions continued on their own. At UCSF, because of Dr. Blois’ expertise in medical computing as well as his interest in patient care, the Melanoma Data Base grew and the computer science prospered. The Melanoma Clinic, organized and managed by Scott’s grew from seeing a handful of patients in the first year to more than 250 per year at the time of his death in 1988. He established a non-profit organization, The Melanoma Foundation, to further the teaching, research and service aspects of patients with melanoma. In honor of these and his many other efforts, the UCSF Melanoma Clinic has been renamed the Marsden Scott Blois Jr. Melanoma Clinic. Despite his considerable clinical responsibilities during the 1970s and early 80s, Scott made fundamental contributions to the evolving field of Medical Informatics during this period. He founded and chaired the Section on Medical Information Science at UCSF, a department among the first of such programs to receive a training grant from the National Library of Medicine. One of Scott’s early successes in medical computing was the development and evaluation of the diagnostic prompting program called RECONSIDER(2, 4). Concerned that then exemplary programs in medical computing contained “knowledge” which was not understandable by physicians, Scott proposed to develop “prompting” programs based on the notion of structured text. Structured text was simply text which was easier to process computationally than narrative text, but which was still easily understood by people. Later, with support from a writing grant from NLM, Scott wrote the landmark volume entitled Information and Medicine; The Nature of Medical Descriptions. A sequel to some of the ideas in this book appeared recently. At the time of his death, Scott’s Informatics research was supported by both a grant (the “Lexicon Grant”) and a contract (the “UMLS Project”) from the NLM. Both awards were fitting recognition of work begun more than 15 years before on medical informatics. Scott has received both national and world-wide recognition for the work that has come from his establishment of the Melanoma Clinic and the Medical Information Science program at the University of California. However, it should not be forgotten that he also had a distinguished career at Stanford, and that his early work on the magnetic properties of metallic thin films, i.e. information storage, which resulted in a U.S. patent, and on free radicals in biological systems, was in each case years ahead of the field. Scott’s interest in metallic thin films arose from his recognition of their potential for information and data storage, which he viewed to be a major problem during his war years in the Navy. Scott’s early interest in information processing and storage was a contributing factor in his selection to head the Medical Information Sciences Section at UCSF. His continued interest in information processing and tireless efforts for the National Library of Medicine (NLM) led to his election as Chairman of the NLM’s Biomedical Library Review Committee a few months before his death. Blois remained devoted to medicine, which he judged to be “the enterprise offering us the greatest opportunity for describing the nature of man in all the interrelated levels of his complexity.” Some of his work includes: „Information and medicine: the nature of medical descriptions”, „Free Radicals in Biological Systems: Symposium by Marsden S. Blois” and „The integration of hospital information subsystems” (3). A part of this text was written by his colleague and friend Richard W. Sagebiel in his obituary and published at Wikipaedia (4).

Introduction: Currently in Bosnia and Herzegovina there are 25 journals in the field of biomedicine, 6 of them are indexed in Medline/PubMed base (Medical Archives, Materia Socio-Medica, Acta Informatica Medica, Acta Medica Academica, Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences (BJBMS) and Medical Glasnik), and one (BJBMS) is indexed in Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE)/Web of Science base. Aim: The aim of this study was to show the scope of work of the journals that were published by Academy of Medical Sciences of Bosnia and Herzegovina - Medical Archives, Materia Socio-Medica and Acta Informatica Medica. Material and Methods: The research presents a meta-analysis of three journals, or their issues, during the calendar year 2015 (retrospective and descriptive character). Results: During 2015 calendar year a total of 286 articles were published (in Medical Archives 104 (36.3%), in Materia Socio-Medica 99 (34.6%), and in Acta Informatica Medica 83 (29%)). Original articles are present in the highest number in all three journals (in Medical Archives 80.7%, in Materia Socio Medica 77.7%, and in Acta Informatica Medica 68.6%). In Medical Archives, 90.3% of the articles were related to the field of clinical medicine. In Materia Socio-Medica, the domain of clinical medicine and public health was the most represented. Preclinical areas are most frequent in Acta Informatica Medica. The period of 50-60 days for a decision on the admission of article is most common in all three journals, with trend of shortening of that period. Articles came from 19 countries, mostly from Bosnia and Herzegovina, then from Iran, Kosovo, Saudi Arabia and Greece. Conclusion: In Medical Archives original articles in the field of clinical medicine (usually internal and surgical disciplines) are most often present, and that is the case in last four years. The number of articles in Materia Socio-Medica and Acta Informatica Medica is growing from year to year. In Materia Socio-Medica there is a trend of growth of articles in the field of public health, while the most common articles in Acta Informatica Medica are about medical informatics.

On twentieth of December 2015 in Sarajevo, died one doyen of medicine and health care, a student of the fi rst generation of Medical Faculty, University of Sarajevo, distinguished professor Dragomir Kosoric. Professor Kosoric was born on June 19, 1922 in Kovin in Vojvodina (Serbia). He graduated high school in Sarajevo during war in 1941. As a student of the National Liberation Struggle he was wounded in the fi ghting for the liberation of Western Serbia. Most of the war years he spent in Uzice and Belgrade and was demobilized in 1946. He started the studies at the Medical Faculty in 1946/1947 and graduated in 1953. During the study of medicine, he was a demonstrator on subjects Anatomy with professor Hajrudin Hadziselimovic and Physiology and Biochemistry with professor Aleksandar Sabovljev. After the compulsory internship in Clinical hospital in Sarajevo he worked in Children’s clinic in Sarajevo and Ilidza. In 1955 he started residency in pediatrics at the Clinic of Pediatrics, which was then led by professor Milivoje Sarvan. In 1957 he was elected to assistant lecturer in Pediatrics, was re-elected in 1960, after passing the specialist exam in Pediatrics in 1958 and the passing the phases of academic elections for the subject of Pediatrics: assistant professor in 1963, associate professor in 1968 and full professor in 1975. After completing the specialist exam in Pediatrics, 1960 opted for studying hematology, cytology, hematology and pediatric hepatology, as Clinic of Pediatrics did not have such experts. He habilitated in 1963 on topic “Acute leucosis at children’s age.” After habilitation he went on education with a respected professor Stanoje Stefanovic in Belgrade and professor E. Hauptman in Zagreb and then at six-month training in Paris, with professor D. Alagille’s (University Hospital Saint Vincent de Paul) and professor JP Soulier (National Blood Transfusion Centre), with scholarship from the World Health Organization (WHO) in the period 1963/1964. Also studied with professor G. Mathe in Paris in 1976. Education in these reputable centers helped professor Kosoric to raise Sarajevo School of Children’s Hematology to extremely high scientifi c and practical level, due to which even today has this rating. Professor Kosoric until his last days of life was always ready to give advice to younger colleagues, which was the trait that has adorned him and due to which he enjoyed a reputation and respect from us, his students. He never passed me, because we were neighbors, without sharing “few words” in a few minutes of conversation, and he was particularly happy to take the new issues of Medical Archives to read them and have in his library. He was also a member of editorial boards of several scientifi c journals (Yugoslav Pediatrics, Pharmaca, Bulletin of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, etc.). He has authored or co-authored numerous articles and other scientifi c and professional publications and congress proceedings. In addition to the scientifi c associations and bodies of these associations at the local, national and international level, he was also highly engaged in social-political sphere. During the time he was leading the Pediatric Clinic (19771979) and the Department of Pediatrics (1982-1984), Pediatric Clinic in Sarajevo gained a signifi cant reputation and produced many generations of well-trained pediatricians throughout the country. He also teaches Pediatrics at medical faculties in Tuzla and Banja Luka, and the Faculty of Dentistry in Sarajevo. A signifi cant contribution to the development of pediatrics in Bosnia and Herzegovina gave professor Dragan Kosoric, which most likely, all his pupils will remember due to his noble character, selfl ess carrier of knowledge, professional and scientifi c, but also a great humanist. Numerous awards which he received are: the Order of Work with Golden Wreath in 1967, the Order of Brotherhood and Unity in 1975, and number of diplomas and plaques at the level of the former Yugoslavia, are arguments for my statements. Especially I will remember the Celebration of the Medical Faculty in Sarajevo 30th anniversary, when we, professor Kosoric and myself were tasked by the then management (professors: Esref Sarajlic, Zdravko Besarovic, Mladen Scepovic, Muhamed Teftedarija, Rifat Tvrtkovic, Hajrudin Hadziselimovic, etc.) and perform this tas “professionally” to the satisfaction of all then invited to a festive dinner. We sang, each in their own way and at its option, professor Kosoric in front of the 1st and I in front of the 25th generation, he one old city song and I sevdalinka song, as Professor Kosoric love and know how to enjoy your life. After this we will remember him. Sarajevo, January 20th, 2016. Professor Izet Masic, MD, PhD IN MEMORIAM