Advantages in diagnostic and treatment of hepatitis C during the last decade have changed the final outcome of disease. Most important improvements were: development of sensitive, specific and standardized tests for hepatitis C nucleic acid identification, combined treatment with ribavirin and alpha interferon, pegylation of alpha interferon and prove that sustained viral response is optimal surrogate for treatment outcome. Combination of pegyinterferon and ribavirin offered the most efficacious and most suitable treatment with SVR between 54-56%. Results are still dependent of viral genotype and viral load. Due to possible side effects appropriate patient seletion is mandatory.

In chronic HBV infection, studies of outcome have shown that successful antiviral treatment undertaken early in course of diseases, may improve health and quality of life. Aims of treatment are: decrease of aminotransferase level to normal, histological necroinflammatory reduction, sustain loss of HbeAg and HBV DNA, antibodies on Hbe occurrence and loss of HbsAg with complete eradication of viral infection. Three therapeutical options are available: thymosine, lamivudine and standard interferon alpha. In future options, promising results are expecting from pegylated interferon, adefovire and entecavire.