Important Findings In order to determine the prevalence of avian influenza viruses (AIV) in wild birds in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH), extensive surveillance was carried out between October 2005 and April 2006. A total of 394 samples representing 41 bird species were examined for the presence of influenza A virus. AIV subtype H5N1 was detected in 2 mute swans (Cygnus olor). The isolates were determined to be highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus. This is the first report of HPAI subtype H5N1 in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Holsteins. Elsevier Science. Khol, J. L., J. Damoser, M. Dünser, and W. Baumgartner. 2007. Paratuberculosis, a notifiable disease in Austria-Current status, compulsory measures and first experiences. Elsevier Science. Kudahl, A. B., J. T. Sorensen, S. S. Nielsen, and S. Ostergaard. (2007). Simulated economic effects of improving the sensitivity of a diagnostic test in paratuberculosis control. Preventive Veterinary Medicine. 78:118-129. Mac-Johnston, A., S. Buncic, G. Bènard, B. Cenci-Goga, and G. Cubero. (2004). Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Biological Hazards on a request from the Commission related on Revision of Meat Inspection Procedures for Lambs and Goats. The EFSA Journal. 54:1-49. Méndez, D., F. Giménez, A. Escalona, O. Da Mata, A. González, H. Takiff, and J. H. de Waard. 2006. Mycobacterium bovis cultured from commercially pasteurized cows’ milk: Laboratory cross-contamination. Elsevier Science.

Dugogodisnje koristenja antibiotika u intenzivnoj peradarskoj proizvodnji, bilo kao stimulatora rasta ili u prevenciji oboljenja, rezultiralo je odlaganjem rezidua u jajima i mesu peradi, te pojavi bakterija specifi no rezistentnih na antibiotike. Iz navedenih razloga sirom svijetu je uo ljiv trend zabrane upotrebe pojedinih antibiotika u nutritivne ili profilakti ke svrhe, uz istovremeno traženje alternativnih i neskodljivih sredstava za zamjenu.

U 120 kokosi Hrvatica cijepljenih živim i inaktiviranim cjepivima protiv nekoliko virusnih zaraznih bolesti peradi istraživan je njihov humoralni imunosni odziv. Primijenjen je prilagođeni program cijepljenja namijenjen konzumnim nesilicmama, a bio je usklađen s epizootioloskom situacijom na terenu i s imunosnim statusom peradi. Sva primijenjena cjepiva potjecala su iz proizvodnog portfelja virusnih vakcina namijenjenih peradi, proizvođaca Veterine d.d. (Kalinovica, Hrvatska). Imunoreaktivnost je pracena temeljem ucinkovitosti vakcinalnog programa na osnovi procjene zdravstvenog statusa istraživanog jata Hrvatica te njihovih postignutih proizvodnih rezultata. Ucinak vakcinacije pokusnih pilica i imunoreaktivnost kokosi tijekom pokusnog razdoblja procjenjivana je na osnovi dinamike stvaranja specificnih serumskih protutijela za viruse zaraznog bronhitisa kokosi, newcastleske bolesti i zarazne bolesti burze, a nakon proneska u žumanjcima jaja, za viruse newcastleske bolesti i sindroma pada nesivosti. Tijekom citava proizvodna razdoblja zdravstveni status i proizvodni parametri životinja bili su vrlo dobri.

In the article are presented the results of our research on chlamydophilosis in parrots, free-living and breeding pigeons, and intensive breeding chickens in Bosnia and Herzegovina. For detection of the antigen two immunoenzyme tests for the detection of antibodies against Chlamydophila psittaci and a complement fixation test by a Kolmer and indirect immunofluorescence method (BioMerieux, France) were used. From a total of 275 samples of cloacal swabs the presence of Chlamydophila psittaci antigen was detected by ELISA (DAKO Ltd., United Kingdom) in 34.9% birds: 45.5% in intensive breeding chickens, 12.1% in free-living pigeons and 8.0% in parrots. By the same method the presence of Chlamydophila psittaci antigen in breeding pigeons was not detected. Sixty cloacal swabs from intensive breeding chickens and pigeons were tested by immunoenzyme test (Unipath Limited, England) and the presence of the pathogen was found in 6.7% cases. Fifty-eight sera from free-living pigeons and intensive breeding chickens were tested for the presence of specific antibodies to Chlamydophila psittaci by indirect immunofluorescence method and were found in 42.1% examined sera of pigeons, and in 27.6% pigeons from the total number of examined birds. The presence of specific antibodies was not found in sera of intensive breeding chickens. Using a complement fixation test, antibodies were not detected in the examined sera in pigeons nor in intensive breeding chickens. The results of this study show that the presence of antigens and antibodies for Chlamydophila psittaci is obvious in tested sera samples, but the clinical disease was not found in any of the examined birds.