In this experiment the influence of stocking density on the body conformation of broiler carcasses was investigated. One hundred and twenty broiler chickens were divided into three groups; each group comprised 40 chickens. At the end of the first week of the fattening period 20 chickens in each group were marked by random sampling. The first testing group (P1) represented the one with a lower stocking density (12 chickens per square meter); the second one (P2) with a higher stocking density (18 chickens per square meter), while the control group (K) was set in accordance with the technological recommendations (15 chickens per square meter). Breast circumference, drumstick circumference, keel length (crista sterni), breast depth and breast angle were monitored and measured on a weekly basis. Body conformation measures were determined on the carcasses in a horizontal position with their backs placed on the table. The appropriate instruments such as millimetre tape, caliper and ZP-3 protractor were used. In addition, a weekly live weight and feed consumption were measured. Production results (live weight, gain, feed-to-gain ratio and European Production Index (EPI) were calculated. Carcass grades were calculated based on the mass ratio of the cooled carcass and the live body weight before slaughtering. The research findings have confirmed that overcrowding in production facilities is always risky in regard to the expected production results. In contrast, by fully conforming to the production technology requirements, it is possible to achieve better production results.
In the article are presented the results of our research on chlamydophilosis in parrots, free-living and breeding pigeons, and intensive breeding chickens in Bosnia and Herzegovina. For detection of the antigen two immunoenzyme tests for the detection of antibodies against Chlamydophila psittaci and a complement fixation test by a Kolmer and indirect immunofluorescence method (BioMerieux, France) were used. From a total of 275 samples of cloacal swabs the presence of Chlamydophila psittaci antigen was detected by ELISA (DAKO Ltd., United Kingdom) in 34.9% birds: 45.5% in intensive breeding chickens, 12.1% in free-living pigeons and 8.0% in parrots. By the same method the presence of Chlamydophila psittaci antigen in breeding pigeons was not detected. Sixty cloacal swabs from intensive breeding chickens and pigeons were tested by immunoenzyme test (Unipath Limited, England) and the presence of the pathogen was found in 6.7% cases. Fifty-eight sera from free-living pigeons and intensive breeding chickens were tested for the presence of specific antibodies to Chlamydophila psittaci by indirect immunofluorescence method and were found in 42.1% examined sera of pigeons, and in 27.6% pigeons from the total number of examined birds. The presence of specific antibodies was not found in sera of intensive breeding chickens. Using a complement fixation test, antibodies were not detected in the examined sera in pigeons nor in intensive breeding chickens. The results of this study show that the presence of antigens and antibodies for Chlamydophila psittaci is obvious in tested sera samples, but the clinical disease was not found in any of the examined birds.
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