The aim of the authors was to create an adequate trend model that would be able to forecast the results of potato production in Bosnia and Herzegovina for a three-year period (2019-2021) by using quantitative research method and trend analysis. Data collected during twenty-seven years (1992-2018) were used for forecasting, and the research results have indicated that the farming area and production of potato will decrease, while yield will be the only parameter of potato production that will show the tendency of growth in the obserevd three-year period. The obtained research results can be used for making strategic decisions related to the development of this branch of agricultural production.
The aim of this paper is to formulate quantitative models to predict future trends in corn production in the Republic of Srpska. The applied research methods are the descriptive analysis method, and the analytical statistical method, i.e. the Box-Jenkins Model based on the ARIMA model (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average). The results of the research show that the corn production indicators, as the most important crop in the Republic of Srpska, will, despite the oscillations, show an increase in the last year of the five-year prediction period (2018-2022) compared to the previously analysed twenty-two year period (1996-2017). The formulation of such forecasting models is a good basis for planning the overall crop production in the Republic of Srpska.
The aim of this paper is to present the application of quantitative methods in the analysis of foreign trade indicators of corn in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Subsequently, based on the analysis, the forecast of import and export parameters was created for the 2018-20 period which predicted that corn imports and exports would increase both in the natural and value form. Furthermore, it was established for the observed period that Serbia was the largest importer of this crop to Bosnia and Herzegovina, and that Turkey was a country to which the corn from Bosnia and Herzegovina was mostly exported. The research in this paper can serve the purpose of further planning and development of both the production and the markets of this crop and agriculture as a whole.
In today's turbulent market conditions, the selection of suppliers in an agricultural enterprise constitutes a primary function, and the entire supply chain with the necessary raw materials and intermediate goods plays an important role in the day-to-day functioning of the economic entity in this field. In order to successfully solve the problem of choosing a supplier, the decision maker uses the methods of multi-criteria analysis, and the corresponding software support. The subject of research in this paper is the selection of mineral fertilizer suppliers in the agricultural enterprise using the AHP methodology, which is one of the most commonly applied methods of multi-criteria analysis today. The aim of the research is to rank suppliers on the basis of the set criteria, and a supplier with the highest rating was selected for the supplier of mineral fertilizer as the observed enterprise.
The aim of the paper is to point out the impact of the insurance contract on the safety of agricultural producers in the Republic of Srpska, based on the assumption that the insurance of crops, fruits and animals is a factor that implies elimination of harmful consequences in case of damage. This attitude of the authors is based on the fact that with the conclusion of an insurance contract in agriculture, the part of the responsibility is transferred to the state (by participation in the co-financing of the insurance premium), then to the insurance company (by claiming the damage from the insurance) and finally to the agricultural producers. Bearing in mind that insurance is very present in all segments of the modern society, which implies a great variety of forms of insurance, the authors of this paper start by presenting a general structure and classification of insurance, which also includes the insurance for agricultural purposes. In order to get a realistic picture of the current state of insurance in agriculture in the Republic of Srpska, an analysis of the legal regulation that regulates the mentioned issues was carried out. The authors also conducted a survey among agricultural producers to analyze the reasons why they have a negative interest for this segment of insurance and thus a small number of closed insurance policies with insurance companies. Based on these findings, this paper gives recommendations for the improvement of the situation and proposals for better solutions which would raise the safety of agricultural producers to a higher level.
The electronic control units (ECU) are used in modern products/devices to add new and automate existing functions. The development of such products usually requires the involvement of a several teams that will work on smaller parts of project (components or subsystems). Each of the participants in the development process performs independent testing of their part of project, but also it is necessary to integrate all these components/subsystems into the final product and test together their performance as a whole. This paper presents a solution for automated diagnostics of electronic control units, primarily with a goal of saving time and resources, as well as increasing security. Also, described environment is used for tracking progress, generating reports, and synchronization of activities.
Quality parameters and the possibility of successful placement of buckwheat-enriched wheat bread on the national market are presented in this paper. Analysis of the market position of buckwheat-enriched wheat bread includes demands, offer and competition. Elements that affect the overall retail price of buckwheat-enriched wheat bread are given in details, along with SWOT analysis and marketing plan including target market, market supply and product marketing mix. According to all performed analyses it could be concluded that this product should be positioned on the national market, especially for people with special needs and requirements.
INTRODUCTION Information on being diagnosed to have cancer is always shocking for the patient, and it always causes a lot of psychosocial problems during its treatment. In these moments, patients need understanding, support and someone who can help them to apprehend all available options and choices clearly. The purpose of this study is to show the psychological states of patients with breast cancer after breast surgery, the importance of the psychological support, and first experiences in psycho-oncological management of breast cancer patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study sample included 46 women, their average age being 52.32 (+/- 8.98), who had answered questions in a questionnaire in the period after surgery. RESULTS The patients experienced fears and worries associated with almost every part of cancer treatment likely to happen in the near future. The fear of chemotherapy and radiotherapy (67%), the horror of losing hair (59%) and the fear of relapse or disease progression (57%) were evident. Moreover, the patients dreaded the forthcoming pathological results and the decisions to be made by the Oncology Commission (57%), with accompanying insomnia caused by disturbing thoughts in 39% of the patients. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that psychological support is important in this early period after breast surgery due to the vulnerability of the patients, and because it can diminish the risk of potential escalation of distress.
The most often complication of breast surgery with dissection of axilla is decrease in the range of shoulder joint of the ipsilateral arm motion, the feeling of heavy arm, secondary lymphedema of the arm, and very rarely pain and weakness of the arm’s muscles. Persistence of these symptoms leads to permanent dysfunction of the arm . Decrease in the range of motion is a consequence of surgery and scarring of the healed wound, which decreases the amount of movement at each joint on the operated side 4, . A reduced range of shoulder joint motion is diagnosed in 2%–51% patients who underwent surgery for breast carcinoma 2, . Secondary lymphedema of the arm is a consequence of mechanical insufficiency of the lymphatic system caused by the surgery and later, by post-irradiation fibrotic changes, and is manifested by abnormal accumulation of interstitial fluid, rich in proteins . In the majority of studies, secondary lymphedema of the arm occurs in 10%–30% of patients following the breast carcinoma therapy . For postoperative complications reduction, numerous rehabilitation programs and instructions were developed with the aim of damage prevention, maximizing the occurred damage (range of motion, muscle power) and minimizing the risk for development of secondary lymphedema of the arm 1–4, . In breast carcinoma patients, rehabilitation has become more significant due to quality of life awareness of the oncological patients . It arises dilemma when to start with the rehabilitation program: most of the authors agree in that the program should start in the first several days after the surgery 1–4, , while the other authors consider that early beginning of rehabilitation in patients with axilla dissection is associated with an increased risk from postoperative complications: longer drainage period, seroma formation, postoperative infection and consequential longer hospitalization 1, 2, . In a controlled, randomized study, a hypothesis that exercises do not increase the risk of occurrence of secondary lymphedema of the arm has been confirmed . Exercises are efficient, safe and preferred interventions in a postoperative period . Early rehabilitation and later home-based exercises program, education 14, , as well as a continuous follow-up of patients 7, 9 were identified as interventions for the improvement of life in women with breast carcinoma in all 4 dimensions: physical, emotional, social and cognitive . Type, duration, frequency and intensity of exercises vary in the studies . Education and follow-up of patients with breast carcinoma enable prevention, detection of early and late occurrences of postoperative damages . A lack of rehabilitation interventions in patients operated for breast cancer is a consequence of no standardized exercises program avalable, so it is necessary to homogenize a reproducible regime .
A prospective randomized study encompassed 100 patients with asthma in the stage of acute bronchial obstruction, 7 to 17 years of age, of both sexes and with the similar rate of attack severity. The patients were spirometrically monitored (FVC, FEV1, PEF and FEF 25-75%) by a pediatrician-pulmonologist for 12 days. Fifty patients were subjected to conservative drug therapy, whereas other 50 patients additionally underwent the Su Jok therapy according to the 6-Ki principles, applying laser ray at the acupuncture points in the hand. After 12 days of treatment the group, in which both therapy methods were applied, reached the range of referent values for all investigated parameters. In the same period of time the group undergoing only conservative drug therapy retained values below the reference ones for the given age for 3 (FEV1, PEFR and FEF 25-75%) out of 5 investigated parameters. The obtained results differed from the group subjected to the combined therapy with the high rate of statistical significance. On the basis of the obtained results the efficacy of the 6-Ki technique of Su Jok therapy was confirmed as the therapeutic method supplementary to the conservative drug therapy in the treatment of acute bronchial obstruction in asthmatic children, provided that therapy is carried out in stationary conditions and under constant spirometric surveillance of the patient.
Introduction Fractures of lateral condyle represent 17% of all pediatric fractures of the distal humerus, and in current pediatric orthopedics there is still no agreement regarding optimal treatment modalities. We presented a treatment protocol for pediatric dislocated fractures of the lateral condyle of the humerus used at the Pediatric Surgery Clinic in Novi Sad. Material and methods Over the study period (1991-2000) a total of 48 patients with dislocated fractures of the lateral condyle of the humerus were hospitalized at the Pediatric Surgery Clinic. Orthopedic reduction and percutaneous pin fixation under radiological supervision was done in 15 patients, while 33 patients needed surgical reduction and pin fixation. Results Satisfactory results were obtained in 42 patients (91.3%), out of which 29 patients (63.1%) presented with excellent resuls. Good results were obtained in 8 patients (17.4%), and fair results in 5 patients (10.8%). Unsatisfactory results were present in 4 patients (8.7%). Two patients were lost to follow-up. Discussion Dislocation fractures of the lateral condyle represent high risk for development of complications. Adequate diagnosis and treatment represent basic conditions for successful post-interventional result. Orthopedic reduction with percutaneous pin fixation is recommended for fractures that may be anatomically reduced. In cases of unsatisfactory results of reduction, as well as in cases with completely dislocated and rotated fragments, surgical reduction and pin fixation is necessary. Conclusions Satisfactory results in 91.3% of cases, and long-term experience suggest that the recommended therapeutic option is adequate in treatment of dislocated fractures of the lateral condyle of the humerus in pediatric population.
INTRODUCTION Fractures of lateral condyle represent 17% of all pediatric fractures of the distal humerus, and in current pediatric orthopedics there is still no agreement regarding optimal treatment modalities. We presented a treatment protocol for pediatric dislocated fractures of the lateral condyle of the humerus used at the Pediatric Surgery Clinic in Novi Sad. MATERIAL AND METHODS Over the study period (1991-2000) a total of 48 patients with dislocated fractures of the lateral condyle of the humerus were hospitalized at the Pediatric Surgery Clinic. Orthopedic reduction and percutaneous pin fixation under radiological supervision was done in 15 patients, while 33 patients needed surgical reduction and pin fixation. RESULTS Satisfactory results were obtained in 42 patients (91.3%), out of which 29 patients (63.1%) presented with excellent results. Good results were obtained in 8 patients (17.4%), and fair results in 5 patients (10.8%). Unsatisfactory results were present in 4 patients (8.7%). Two patients were lost to follow-up. DISCUSSION Dislocation fractures of the lateral condyle represent high risk for development of complications. Adequate diagnosis and treatment represent basic conditions for successful postinterventional result. Orthopedic reduction with percutaneous pin fixation is recommended for fractures that may be anatomically reduced. In cases of unsatisfactory results of reduction, as well as in cases with completely dislocated and rotated fragments, surgical reduction and pin fixation is necessary. CONCLUSIONS Satisfactory results in 91.3% of cases, and long-term experience suggest that the recommended therapeutic option is adequate in treatment of dislocated fractures of the lateral condyle of the humerus in pediatric population.
A program of early postoperative rehabilitation (kinesy therapy and education) has been conducted since 1996 in our Department for Rehabilitation at the Institute of Oncology in Sremska Kamenica. The aim of this program is to prevent the appearance of secondary lymphedema of the arm and the contacture of the shoulder. Unless the patient, in further follow up, does not have any complication, a program of "late" rehabilitation is conducted. If secondary lymphedema of the arm (SLEA) is evolved, then the patient is submitted to a complex of decongestive physical therapy (CDP) or CDP and sequential pneumatic compression (SEPC). However if SLEA and local alterations on the skin exist, we immobilize the arm (mitela, plaster). In other cases without SLEA, e.g. periarthritis or the damage of brachial plexus, we perform physical procedures (kinesy therapy TENS, kryo-massage and acupuncture). With regard to the degree of complication of SLEA and consequences that might develop the starting point should be directed towards early detection of SLEA.
Secondary lymphedema of the arm (SLEA) is the most common consequence of operation and/or radiotherapy for the malignant tumors of the breast. The frequency of SLEA is from 6 to 30 percent in patients with breast cancer This paper presents literature data about the methods of physical treatment of SLEA. A complex of decongestive physical therapy (CDP) is described consisting of the skin care of the arm on the operated and/or irradiated side, kinesy therapy, manual lymphodrainage of arm, and ban- daging with multilayer non elastic bandages of the arm. Along with CDP, a device assisted sequential pneumatic compression can be applied in order to reduce the SLEA. The prevention and early detection of SLEA, while it is still reversible, is the most important task in the postoperative and postirradiation period after the treatment of breast cancer.
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