It has been reported in recent years that elevated thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) values can be associated with thyroid malignancy. The aim of this study is to determine whether serum TgAb have a predictive role in thyroid cancer in patients with thyroid nodules. The crossed study included 100 patients with scintigraphic cold thyroid nodules divided in two groups. Demographic data, TgAb levels and final histopathological findings were recorded. The first group consisted of 50 patients with histopathological verified malignant nodules and the second group of 50 patients with histopathological verified benign nodules. TgAb were estimated by the radio-immunity assay (RIA) method. The median of TgAb in the group with benign nodules were 14.3 (10-32) IU / mL and in the group with malignant nodules 42.9 (13-156) IU / mL. TgAb values were significantly higher in patients with malignant nodules (p = 0.02 The increase in values of TgAb by 1 IU / mL increased the risk for malignancy by 0.7%. The cut-off for TgAb of > 35 IU / mL discriminates between diagnosis of the malignant and benign thyroid nodule. TgAb of > 35 IU / mL, with a sensitivity of 56% and a specificity of 78%, was found to be a limit value for predicting malignant thyroid lesion. TgAb serum values were predictor of malignant thyroid lesion and their preoperative measurement in combination with other risk factors could assist in preoperative diagnosis in patients with cytological indeterminant thyroid nodules.

Surgical revascularization of the heart (CABG - coronary artery bypass grafting) is one way of treating coronary heart disease. Bleeding is one of the serious and frequent complications of heart surgery and can result in increased mortality and morbidity. Hemostasis disorder may be secondary consequences of surgical bleeding, preoperative anticoagulant therapy, and the use of cardiopulmonary bypass. Tests used for routine evaluation of the coagulation system are activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and international normalized ratio (INR). The study encountered 60 patients who were hospitalized at the Clinic for Cardiovascular Diseases, University Clinical Center Tuzla. Patients underwent elective coronary artery bypass heart surgery either with cardiopulmonary bypass (on-pump CABG) or without it (off-pump CABG). The aim of this study was to compare the changes in coagulation tests (APTT, INR) in patients who were operated on-pump and patients operated off-pump. Our study showed that the values of APTT and INR tend to increase immediately after surgery. Twenty-four hours after surgery these values are declining and they are approaching the preoperative values in all observed patients (p <0.05). Comparing APTT between the groups we found that postoperative APTT levels are significantly higher in the group of patients who underwent surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (p <0.05). Changes in coagulation tests after surgical revascularization of the heart are more pronounced in patients who were operated with on-pump technique compared to patients operated off-pump technique.

Introduction: Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic complication in patients with diabetes melli- tus typ 1, which leads to kidney disfunction. Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the metabolic control and albuminuria with ultrasound fin- dings of morphometric measurements and registration Doppler signals of kidneys between children and youth with diabetes mellitus type 1 according to the duration of illness. Material and Methods: The retrospective-pro- spective study included 69 patients of both genders, that got diabetes mellitus type 1 when they were in the age from 2. to 25. years. Patients were divided into two groups according to the length of diabetes mellitus type 1: the first group was those whose illness had la- sted for more than 10 years, and second group with du- ration of diabetes mellitus typ 1 less than 10 years. Results: No significant difference was registered between the groups regarding frequency of albuminu- ria, but the chance of it occurring are greater in patients with longer duration of diabetes mellitus type 1. Pati- ents with albuminuria and diabetes mellitus type 1 du- ration over 10 years had higher glycated hemoglobin A1C, blood pressure, body mass index followed by en- larged volume of both kidneys. Patients with albumi- nuria and diabetes mellitus type 1 for less than 10 years had a higher creatinine clearance. Conclusion: Ultrasound dimensions and volume of the kidneys in patients with metabolic control para- meters are useful for monitoring especially in the early