Antimicrobial Resistance in Coagulase-Positive Staphylococci Isolated from Various Animals in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The objective of this study was to determine and compare the antimicrobial resistance profiles of clinical Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (n = 90) and Staphylococcus aureus (n = 61) isolates from different animal species in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Among S. pseudintermedius isolates from dogs (n = 86), resistance to penicillin (87.2%) was most common followed by amoxicillin (76.7%) and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (67.4%). A total of 25 isolates were found to be resistant to oxacillin of which 21 were mecA-positive and multidrug resistant (MDR). The most frequent MDR pattern was penicillins-lincosamides-cephalosporins-macrolides-fluoroquinolones. Among the 61 methicillin-susceptible S. pseudintermedius isolates, 18 were MDR (penicillins-lincosamides-macrolides). Most of S. aureus isolates were resistant to penicillin (50.8%), followed by amoxicillin (41%) and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (31%). Resistance to cefoxitin was detected in only two isolates. All S. aureus isolates were mecA and mecC-negative. MDR was observed in six S. aureus isolates of which five were from cattle (penicillins-lincosamides-fluoroquinolones). Isolates from red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) were sensitive to most of the antimicrobials tested. The high number of methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius and MDR isolates in dogs exposed in this study underlines the urgent need for establishment of national antimicrobial resistance surveillance program in animals in the country, as well as for the surveillance of veterinary antimicrobial consumption.