Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) Values as Predictor of Renal Insufficiency in Advanced Stages of Liver Diseases with Different Etiology

Background: Various complications occur in patients with advanced stages of liver diseases. Renal dysfunction, a parameter included in the MELD score, is the most important prognostic factor. There is a strong need in clinical practice to estimate the GFR in this patients. Objectives: The aim of our study was to detect differences in renal function among patients with different stages of chronic liver diseases caused by HBV and HCV, also to determine the impact of viral etiology and gender on the values of eGFR and renal function. Patients and Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study performed on patients with HBV and HCV chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and HCC caused by these viruses hospitalized during period 2009–2014 in the Clinic of Gastroenterohepatology, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo. The estimated GFR (eGFR) was evaluated by the MDRD4 method. For the processing of data SPSS 21.0 statistical software was used. Statistical methods used in this study where: analysis of variance test (ANOVA test), Student’s t-test for independent samples and Pearson coefficient of correlation. The level of significance was p <0.05. Results: Among this three groups of patients there was a statistically significant difference in eGFR (F= 18.79, p<0.05), i.e. increase of degree of liver damage was related with increase of renal impairment, as reflected by a significant reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate. Gender had no significant effect on eGFR and renal function (p>0.05), except in group of patients with HCC (p<0.05). Etiology had no significant effect on eGFR and renal (p>0.05). There was statistically significant inverse correlation between glomerular filtration rate and liver enzymes AST (-.184) and GGT (-.181). Conclusions: By calculation of GFR, we determined the existence of a significant reduction of kidney function through progression of liver damage from HBV and HCV chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis to HCC caused by these viruses, which drawing attention to the importance of the assessment of renal function in patients with this liver pathologies. Gender and etiology had no significant effect on eGFR and impairment of renal function. Given the statistically significant inverse correlation between eGFR and AST and GGT this liver enzymes may have important role as marker for both renal and hepatic injury.