Comparative analysis of two L-carnitine preparations and their concentration effects on CAT expression in healthy human peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures
CAT gene encodes catalase, a key antioxidant enzyme in the body against oxidative stress. This enzyme plays an important role in the molecular mechanisms of inflammation, apoptosis, mutagenesis and tumorigenesis. Anti-oxidant L-carnitine is used in food supplementation, medical co-treatment and bodyweight regulation. We aimed to investigate molecular basis of L-carnitine commercial preparations supplementation in reducing oxidative stress with customized CAT gene assay in vitro. Human lymphocytes cell culture was established using standard procedure and treated with range of concentrations of L-carnitine in two preparations. We tested two preparations: 500 mg tablets of L-carnitine and liquid L-carnitine with vitamin B6. L-carnitine significantly reduced the expression of CAT gene in cultured lymphocytes at concentrations of 50 μmol/l and 250 μmol/l compared to negative control, (p = 0,001; p = 0,001; respectively). The L-carnitine liquid supplement with vitamin B6 also reduced the transcription of CAT gene at concentrations of 50 μmol/l and 250 μmol/l as compared to the negative control (p = 0,018; p = 0,006; respectively). Selected L-carnitine preparations modulated the transcriptional activity of the antioxidant enzyme gene in human lymphocyte culture, indicating its possible effects in inhibition of pro-inflammatory processes that involve catalase activity.