Glycolipid profile of patients with pulmonary embolism in metabolic syndrome

Introduction: The mechanisms of pulmonary embolism in patients with metabolic syndrome has not been fully investigated. The aim of the study was to determine the connection between metabolic syndrome and pulmonary embolism and to evaluate the values of the glucolipid profile in patients with pulmonary embolism in metabolic syndrome. Methods: A cohort study included 305 patients with pulmonary embolism, divided into two groups: the first group with metabolic syndrome (n=165) and the control group without metabolic syndrome (n=140). The data was collected from May 2019 to May 2023. Demographic, anthropometric and laboratory parameters (glucose, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides) were analyzed in all patients with confirmed pulmonary embolism. Results: Patients with pulmonary embolism in metabolic syndrome had statistically significantly higher values of glucose, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides and lower values of HDL cholesterol compared to patients with pulmonary embolism without metabolic syndrome (p<0.05). Discussion: The results of our research indicate a strong need for a broad evaluation of metabolic abnormalities with special highlight on comorbidities and the need for a multidisciplinary approach to patients with metabolic syndrome. Assessing the risk of pulmonary embolism should become imperative in the treatment of patients with metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome may play a key role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary embolism and may be a link between venous thrombosis, atherosclerosis and pulmonary embolism. Due to the complex relationship between hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and pulmonary embolism, additional research is necessary to answer the question why people with metabolic syndrome have a higher risk of pulmonary embolism, as well as to determine appropriate preventive strategies.