Impact of initial periodontal therapy on periodontal status in type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients in correlation with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of initial periodontal therapy on the periodontal status of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, in correlation with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. A total of 60 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease underwent initial periodontal therapy. Relevant data on HbA1c laboratory test results and periodontal parameters were recorded at baseline and again three months later. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software package (version 13.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). To compare periodontal indices between the initial and follow-up examinations, the General Linear Model – Repeated Measures (GLM-RM) was used. Additional variables that could potentially influence the outcome (therapeutic option, HbA1c levels, and presence of diabetes mellitus) were included as covariates. Descriptive statistics are presented as absolute values (n), relative values (%), and as means with standard deviations or interquartile ranges. Comparisons between variables were conducted using the paired t-test or the Wilcoxon test, depending on the distribution of the data. Based on our study, it can be concluded that initial periodontal therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, when analyzed in correlation with HbA1c levels, resulted in a reduction in clinical periodontal inflammatory parameters. The duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus and HbA1c levels did not have a statistically significant effect on the periodontal indices monitored in this study.