<p>In this paper, a differential equation is derived relating to the relationship among the Loschmidt constant, the Avogadro constant, and the speed of sound in gases as a function of the thermodynamic properties of the gas (pressure, temperature, and volume). To confirm the validity of the derived equation, the ratio of the constants NL/NA and the deviation of the NL/NA ratio for several ideal gases (hydrogen, helium, carbon monoxide,<br />nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, methane) were calculated using the ideal-gas equations of state (Pv=RT). The calculation of the ratio of the constants NL/NA and the deviation of the NL/NA ratio from the value for the gases at standard state (i.e., temperature 273.15 K and pressure 101325 Pa) is in a good agreement with the results published in literature, given the fact that the literature data of the NL/NA ratio is 0.04461498 at standard state. As the second step in confirming the validity of the derived equation, the ratio of the constants NL/NA and the deviation of the NL/NA ratio for several real gases (hydrogen, helium, carbon monoxide, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, methane) were calculated using the real-gas Van der Waals equation of state. In this case, the calculation results are also in agreement with the reference value.</p>

<p style="text-align: justify;">The Bukva-Vila Business Zone is a place for various business activities and it was created as a result of preliminary spatial planning and organized development concept of the enterprising local population, in a unique area with developed infrastructure and proximity to the center of Te&scaron;anj. The development of the Zone caused the increase of the noise levels in this area. This paper presents the development of industrial noise map using data from previous monitoring of companies to determine the impact of an industrial noise on total environmental noise, and as well as, the development of a conflict noise map using results of own measurements.</p>

The process of composting the bio-waste along with the required conditions and depending on the composition of the composted material can take place in controlled or natural conditions. If we want to influence the speed and stability of the organic matter degradation process, it is necessary to control one or more influencing factors of the process in such a way as to provide optimum conditions using a bioreactor that provides constant outdoor temperature, mixing and humidification of the compost mixture without external influences. Controlling some parameters using bioreactors leads to significant acceleration of the process, more stable development of composting heat and stimulus and other specificities compared to non-reactor composting systems.

This paper deals with the assessment of daily methane yield from anaerobic digestion (AD) of slaughterhouse waste using mathematical modelling based on data obtained from 15 days long experimental period. The experiment is carried out using laboratory scale Plug Flow Reactor (PF) operated under different temperature and inclination conditions. The waste mixture was composed of manure from cattle depots and vehicles for cattle transport (labelled as O1) and inedible offal, stomach contents, sludge from washing and cleaning, and the meat leftovers (labelled as O2). The ratio used was O1:O2=80:20. The result of the experiment shows that the higher the bioreactor inclination is, the higher is the methane yield regardless of the temperature. For both experimental levels carried out at lower temperatures, daily methane yield is variable indicting problems with mesophilic bacteria adaptation to lower temperature zones.

This paper describes the procedures of the formation of technological wastewater from milk production and processing industry of milk Zenica, and given conceptual solution for adequate treatment. On the base of many years of research in dairy Zenica were selected efficient and costeffective technologies for the purification of industrial wastewater from the process of production and processing of milk, which is based primarily on the reduction of the organic load in wastewater (BOD5 and COD), suspended solids, phosphates and other harmful substances, as well as correcting the pH value in relation to the required effluent quality and the recipient. Selected system allows adjustment of the cleaning of the load and the required quality of treated water, which is discharged into natural waters.

This paper presents the results of an assessment of emissions of harmful substances from road traffic (line sources) on the air quality of the urban area of the city of Zenica File transfer software model Aermod. Dispersion modeling results indicate that CO and PM10 emissions from road transport have a significant impact on the formation emisionih values in air Zenica valley. However, NOx emissions significantly affect the formation of concentrations of this pollutant in the air and on air quality Zenica valley.

Animal waste due to its characteristics, increasing the quantity and inadequate disposal of a major environmental problem, because it potentially threatens all aspects of the environment, with unpredictable consequences. in general we can conclude that the animal waste inappropriately disposed of in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Therefore, certain measures are taken to create conditions for sustainable management of this type of waste. Adoption of certain regulations by which it is legally standardized treatment of waste, including animal waste, such as: Regulation on conditions for the incineration of waste, Regulation on issuing permits for the activities of small business in the Waste management Regulations on animal waste and other non-hazardous materials natural origin, which can be used for agricultural purposes and other regulations. in principle, the most acceptable method of waste disposal are those that provide environmental benefits and economic benefits. one of the environmentally and economically acceptable methods of waste disposal, especially animal, is burning to the use of waste heat through electricity or heat or steam. in this paper the disposal of animal waste by burning the plant is designed and implemented with appropriate technological conditions for burning to ensure complete combustion and minimum emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere. This avoids burdening the environment with the waste, relieves municipal landfill, preventing harm human health due to inadequate care and achieve economic benefits, which is consistent with the principles of waste management. This work is founded on the basis of its own research environmentally and economically acceptable disposal procedures of animal waste, such as thermal treatment for heat production and anaerobic digestion for biogas production. Sefket goletic, Jusuf Durakovic & Nusret Imamovic

The Bukva-Vila Business Zone is a place for various business activities and it was created as a result of preliminary spatial planning and organized development concept of the enterprising local population, in a unique area with developed infrastructure and proximity to the center of Tešanj . The development of the Zone caused the increase of the noise levels in this area. This paper presents the development of industrial noise map using data from previous monitoring of companies to determine the impact of an industrial noise on total environmental noise, and as well as, the development of a conflict noise map using results of own measurements.