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Anida Dudić

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Gambling of young people as a risky behavior is an increasingly current social problem, but also the subject of numerous researches. The gambling industry is one of the fastest-growing industries in the world, and a significant increase in availability has taken place in the Bosnian and Herzegovinan society. Young people in BiH are entering the world of gambling more often and easier. Bad economic situation, social unrest, high poverty and unemployment rates contribute to this situation. World statistics show that the increase in gambling was significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Omnipresent digitalization during the pandemic, movement restrictions, but also existential uncertainty have opened a new path to online gambling. Therefore, an research was conducted in which the habits of young people (N=174) and their frequency of (online) gambling were examined. The questionnaire results showed that 70.5% of respondents had played games of chance at least once in their lives. Young people usually play one-time tickets and sports betting. Of particular concern is the fact that individuals play online games of chance on a daily basis. They usually invest a smaller amount of money and more than half of the respondents have lost money on betting at least once. The data show that gambling is most often out of boredom, fun and socializing, and they do not consider such behavior to be problematic. According to self-assessment, only 5.9% of respondents believe that their gambling is somewhat or completely problematic, while 3.7% state that the degree of gambling addiction is so high that they need professional help. On the other hand, Bosnia and Herzegovina lacks prevention programs aimed at problematic youth gambling, which is why they remain deprived of professional support. All of this suggests that serious investment in public health and social policies is needed to offer quality prevention and psychoeducational programs.

Danas postoji mnoštvo definicija koje su često nedostatne, neprihvatljive i neprimjerene savremenim shvatanjima braka i porodice. Iako se kroz historiju brak poimao kao monogamna zajednica muškarca i žene, u savremenom društvu, pod uticajem transformacijskih procesa, dolazi do formalno-pravnog izjednačavanja bračne i vanbračne veze, kao i tendencije legalizacije istospolnih brakova. Pod pritiskom modernizacije i individualizacije, te produženog školovanja, mladi sve češće odlažu brak za zrelije godine. Štoviše, brak je postao „zastarjela“ institucija, gdje sve veći broj mladih ljudi preferira zajednički život bez sudbonosnog „da.“ Alternativni oblici partnerstva su postali primamljiviji, lakši i interesantniji oblici suživota za mlade, a kohabitacija najraširenija forma zajedničkog života. U istraživanju se želio dobiti uvid u stavove mladih u Bosni i Hercegovini (N=234) o braku i altnerativnim oblicima partnerstva, prvenstveno kohabitaciji, kao i njihovim željama i planovima za budućnost kada je riječ o bračnom i porodičnom životu. Putem anketnog upitnika došlo se do saznanja da, pod pritiskom transformacijskih promjena, mladi u Bosni i Hercegovini preferiraju alternativne oblike partnerstva, ali i da, pod uticajem patrijarhalnog društva, brak smatraju najprihvatljivijom zajednicom muškarca i žene.

Addiction, dysfunctional use of "new technologies" and difficulties in limiting time spent using it, are not unusual due to the increasing usage of the internet. Young people, who are almost constantly connected, are particularly vulnerable. Recognizing the risk of pathological addiction, this paper explores the use of Internet, social networks and mobile phones among young people (N=310) in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The aim of the research is to examine the extent to which young people use the internet, social networks and mobile phones, and what consequences this has on the emotional, cognitive and social functioning of youth. The study was conducted using the most commonly used diagnostic tool for measuring internet addiction, the so-called Internet Addiction Test, and a survey questionnaire created for this research. Results of the study showed a mild level of "new addiction" in youth, which included emotional and cognitive preoccupation with "new" ICT, neglect of work, lack of self-control and social problems caused by preoccupation with the Internet, social networks and mobile phones.

Schools in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the last few years have witnessed violence of large scales among pupils, juvenile delinquency, unsystematic inclusion of children with special needs in regular education,rising abuse of psychoactive substances among elementary school students and other concerningproblems that professional and teaching staff faces. Despite that, necessary actions are not being takenby social workers in educational institutions. Although social work in schools is considered as adistinguished area of social work, it is yet to be affirmed in Bosnia and Herzegovina since engagingsocial workers in schools is sporadic, insufficient and unsystematic. Causes of such state are to besearched not only in the social position and the affirmation of social work as a profession, but also in alegal framework which is often aggravating and confining.Considering the fact that the problem of inclusion of social workers in Bosnian schools is very littleresearched, the objective of this work was to examine and determine if social workers are equal to other members of professional staff in schools in Bosnia and Herzegovina.Regarding that, with parents and teachers being the most important link in the process of education,their attitude towards the inclusion of social workers as associates in schools is examined. Results ofthe research conducted indicate the essential need for including social workers as associates in regularschools in Bosnia and Herzegovina. These results are highly contributed by the teachers’ and parents’ attitudes who consider that schoolscould execute their social – educational function more succesfully if social workers were engaged as apart of professional school staff, and that social workers in cooperation with the rest of professional staff could contribute to preventing behavioral disorders by applying social work methods, which couldbe the main link in the school – student – parent – society relationship. On the way to achieve this, the biggest obstacle is inconsistent legal regulation that differs among the cantons, imposing discouragingminimal number of social workers in schools, not acknowledging specific jobs and tasks of socialworkers as experts even though their engagement is necessary in educational institutions.

Although fears and various forms of anxiety is very common and integral part of the development of every child, sometimes become so intense and prolonged that the resulting discomfort and distress to the child and his family. In such cases, the question is whether even a fleeting, age and situation appropriate or fears it is better to talk about anxiety disorders and phobias. The way in which children express their emotions is an important indicator of the nature of child processes. Children are often not aware of the fact that the emotions; This does not mean that they do not see, but you do not know how to verbalize, trying to suppress unpleasant emotions. However, the emotional pain and unlived emotions are reflected in the children's behavior and process. The best way of experiencing these emotions is through play. According to the definition of the Association for Play Therapy (2003), play therapy is a therapeutic modality in which the therapist uses the therapeutic powers of the game to help children prevent or solve psychosocial problems in order to achieve optimal growth and development. The construction of the therapeutic relationship in play therapy and establishing contacts with the help of creative therapeutic process, children have the opportunity to get to know, understand and accept themselves and their own needs, to become aware of their feelings and express them in a socially acceptable way. The aim of this work to explain and describe the nature of the application of therapeutic play in working with children with developmental disabilities, with a focus in the treatment of anxiety disorders. The paper used semi-structured interviews on a sample made up of professionals from the private and public sectors in their therapeutic effect help children to solve development problems.

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