Climate change researches indicate a significant increase in air temperature at the global level, while the annual precipitation shows a trend of decreased precipitation in the Mediterranean region. However, the local climate variability should be viewed as a consequence of global change determined by local impacts (latitude and longitude; topography; the impact of sea and altitude).In this paper agro-ecological characteristics of two individual regions namely the area of high karst with karst fields, and the area of low-Herzegovina area were analyzed. The analysis of climate change and variability covers representative weather stations of the observed regions: Livno, Mostar, and Trebinje. Short-term scenarios on climate change for these two regions for the period 2011-2040 (scenario RCP8.5, scenario A2, scenario A1B) were presented.The analysis of data shows that in the southern parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, a higher level of climate variability is manifested. In particular, extremely high temperatures and solar radiation during the summer months, early moving of vegetation, the extension of dry periods during the early fall, while high rainfall occurred during the late fall and winter period. It creates many problems especially in the agricultural sector, so adaptation measures have to be developed focusing especially on the development of soil water management strategy.

Proizvodnja hrane u Bosni i Hercegovini, naročito u uslovima klimatskih promjena, predstavlja veliki izazov i strateško pitanje za budućnost. Poljoprivreda je sektor koji u potpunosti zavisi od klimatskih i hidroloških uslova, a povećana učestalost ekstremnih pojava, poplava, suša, toplotnih talasa, mrazeva i oluja, direktno ugrožava stabilnost prinosa i očuvanje plodnosti zemljišta. Klimatske promjene mijenjaju režim padavina, vodni bilans i toplinski režim tla, što dovodi do degradacije zemljišta i smanjenja produktivnosti. U radu se, polazeći od analitičkog izvještaja o procjeni i optimizaciji meteorološke i hidrološke mreže Federacije BiH i postojećeg konceptualnog okvira klimatskih rizika po zemljište, analiziraju kapaciteti hidrološke, meteorološke i agrometeorološke mreže kojima upravlja Federalni hidrometeorološki zavod. Poseban naglasak stavljen je na ulogu modernizacije hidrometeorološke mreže, uključujući automatske hidrološke, meteorološke i agrometeorološke stanice, kao i na metodološki okvir mjerenja temperature tla geotermometrima i temperature zraka na 5 cm iznad tla, koji predstavljaju ključne elemente agrometeorološkog monitoringa. Analiza pokazuje da postojeća mreža nije u potpunosti funkcionalna: oprema je djelimično zastarjela, prostorna pokrivenost je neujednačena, nivo automatizacije ograničen, a međuinstitucionalna razmjena podataka nedovoljno normirana. Sa druge strane, posljednjih godina, kroz projekte podržane međunarodnim fondovima, ostvareni su značajni pomaci u modernizaciji mreže i razvoju digitalnih platformi, uključujući agrometeorološku platformu FHMZa. Na osnovu provedenih analiza predložene su konkretne preporuke za daljnju modernizaciju i integraciju hidrometeorološkog monitoringa kako bi se podržala klimatski otporna i održiva poljoprivreda u Federaciji Bosne i Hercegovine.

State-of-the-art climate models project a substantial decline in precipitation for the Mediterranean region in the future1. Supporting this notion, several studies based on observed precipitation data spanning recent decades have suggested a decrease in Mediterranean precipitation2, 3–4, with some attributing a large fraction of this change to anthropogenic influences3,5. Conversely, certain researchers have underlined that Mediterranean precipitation exhibits considerable spatiotemporal variability driven by atmospheric circulation patterns6,7 maintaining stationarity over the long term8,9. These conflicting perspectives underscore the need for a comprehensive assessment of precipitation changes in this region, given the profound social, economic and environmental implications. Here we show that Mediterranean precipitation has largely remained stationary from 1871 to 2020, albeit with significant multi-decadal and interannual variability. This conclusion is based on the most comprehensive dataset available for the region, encompassing over 23,000 stations across 27 countries. While trends can be identified for some periods and subregions, our findings attribute these trends primarily to atmospheric dynamics, which would be mostly linked to internal variability. Furthermore, our assessment reconciles the observed precipitation trends with Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 model simulations, neither of which indicate a prevailing past precipitation trend in the region. The implications of our results extend to environmental, agricultural and water resources planning in one of the world’s prominent climate change hotspots10. Our assessment of a 27-country weather station dataset in the Mediterranean region revealed long-term stability in precipitation over 150 years, along with substantial short-term variability on annual to decadal scales driven by atmospheric circulation; these findings align with the precipitation trends seen in CMIP6 models.

Abstract Work intensification is a psychosocial risk that has been increasing in recent decades and may have been accentuated after the COVID-19 pandemic. Its effects on health are negative, but they can be moderated by contextual and personal factors. The aim of this study was twofold: to analyze the effect of work intensification on workers’ stress, anxiety, and depression and to explore the role of workplace curiosity in these relationships. The study design was cross-sectional, and a total of 766 Spanish workers (58.9% female) with different occupations completed the survey. The results showed that work intensification was associated with the symptomatology of stress, anxiety, and depression, with a medium effect size. Women workers showed higher work intensification, but its association with mental health was equally strong for both genders. Workers with higher levels of the workplace curiosity dimension “stress tolerance” showed less impaired mental health in the presence of work intensification. However, workers with higher levels of the workplace curiosity dimension “deprivation sensitivity” showed more symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression when faced with high work intensification. The results were discussed in terms of their contributions to the field of study of work intensification, the future research they could inspire, and the prevention and intervention measures they could motivate.

BACKGROUND The Intensification of Job Demands Scale (IDS) is a multidimensional instrument designed to capture the phenomenon of work intensification that characterizes modern Western societies. However, in Spain the instrument has not been validated to assess this phenomenon. The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the IDS adaptation with a heterogeneous sample of Spanish workers. METHOD The sample consisted of 722 Spanish workers (57.8% female, 42.2% male) who completed a survey between January and April 2022. RESULTS A five-factor correlated model, as in the original IDS, had an optimal fit with 15 items, and displayed invariance across gender, level of education, and organizational tenure. Reliability coefficients were all satisfactory, and scale adaptation showed evidence of convergent, discriminant, and incremental validity. CONCLUSIONS The Spanish adaptation of the IDS is a valid, reliable measure for analyzing the phenomenon of work intensification and intensified job demands in Spain.

The effectiveness of the e-tax system in encouraging tax compliance has been largely unexplored. Thus, the current study aims to examine the interrelationship between technological predictors in explaining tax compliance intention among certified tax professionals. Based on the literature on information system success and tax compliance intention, this paper proposed an expanded conceptual framework that incorporates convenience and perception of reduced compliance costs as predictors and satisfaction as a mediator. The data were collected from 650 tax professionals who used e-Filing and 492 who used e-Form through an online survey and analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression. The empirical results suggest that participants’ perceived service quality of e-Filing services and perceptions of reduced compliance costs positively influence users’ willingness to comply with tax regulations. The latter predictor is also, and only, significant among e-Form users. The empirical results also provide statistical evidence for the mediating role of satisfaction in the relationship between all predictors and tax compliance intention. This study encourages tax policymakers and e-tax filing providers to improve their services to increase user satisfaction and tax compliance.