A generation of orthogonal signals in single-phase systems, crucial for various applications such as power converters synchronization, faces challenges in handling disturbances like DC offset and low order harmonics present in power grids. This paper presents an orthogonal signal generator based on the principles of adaptive noise canceller, offering immunity to low order harmonics and DC offset. By leveraging adaptive techniques, this novel generator surpasses traditional approaches, which lack disturbance rejection capabilities. Simulation results in MATLAB validate the performance and robustness of the proposed generator, marking a significant advancement in generating orthogonal signals for single-phase systems.

As the future electric power grid will be driven by distributed renewable energy sources, the deployment of grid-connected power converters will also grow to enable seamless grid and energy source interaction. To provide the reliable operation of these converters, the estimation of fundamental grid parameters is important. The most common estimation techniques are a phase-locked loops (PLL) and a frequency-locked loops (FLL). However, those techniques encounter challenges in conducting parameter estimation when the input signal is unbalanced due to DC-offset, harmonics, signal sags, and frequency and phase variations. This paper presents an enhanced FLL loop enriched with an additional loop for estimation and rejection of the DC-offset. Active and reactive power calculations in grid-connected microgrids by using the modified FLL loops with DC-offset rejection is a novel application introduced in this paper. Experimental verification has demonstrated that the enhanced FLL loop provides fast and reliable parameter estimation as well as stable and robust power calculations, even in the presence of a DC-offset.

The idea of this paper is the proposal of a low-cost control device based on the concept of IoT, which will have many functionalities integrated. A large number of integrated functionalities make it possible to satisfy a large number of different users. The proposed control device solution could be used both for controlling the operation of devices and machines in industrial plants and for training engineers.

Embedded systems are widely used in different spheres of everyday life. Implementation of web server into these systems enable remote access to processed data. Web server implementation should be suitable for limited resources of these systems. In this paper, web server implementation in system for air parameter monitoring will be presented. This implementation is done using LwIP stack and enables remote access to measurement results within local network. Operation principle of web server and whole system will be discussed.

The subject of this paper is design, testing and implementation of voltage control of buck power electronics converter using programmable logic controller (PLC) which is based on Beckhoff technology. The proposed control structure is first modelled in the Matlab/Simulink software environment. The built Simulink model is then integrated and transferred to the TwinCAT 3 software which converts personal computer (PC)/laptop into the real-time PLC. This paper proposes an experimental platform consisting of the following components: laptop computer used as the PLC, Beckhoff input/output (I/O) interface, power electronics converter with gate driver module, and electronic modules for measuring and adjusting the signals between the converter and the Beckhoff PLC. In this paper, the control is implemented on the example of the buck converter. However, the proposed modular experimental platform can be used for any type of the converter. Thanks to the integration of the Matlab/Simulink and TwinCAT 3 software environments and the modularity of the platform, the proposed experimental platform is suitable for rapid prototyping of different control structures of power electronics converters, which is especially useful for educational and research purposes. The given experimental results validate excellent performances of the proposed platform.

—This paper describes the application of the programmable logic controller (PLC), which is software-implemented on the personal computer (PC), for rapid prototyping and testing of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms used in photovoltaic (PV) systems. The practical results for Perturb and Observe (P&O) MPPT algorithm, which is used to extract and maintain the maximum power from the PV modules connected to the synchronous buck converter, are given.

The goal of this article is to describe a power measuring system using the frequency-locked-loop (FLL). The FLLs have a wide variety of applications such as power converters, grid synchronization, sensorless flux estimation and control of motor drives. This nature of the FLL system allows for it to be a potentially perfect tool for power calculation. In this article, a new power calculation method has been presented. This method is based on FLL as part of phase locked loop (PLL) and has enhanced feature over classical methods for power calculation widely used in industry. The obtained results showcase the effectiveness of the proposed FLL power calculation method.

Herein the idea of leveraging Raspberry Pi as a server for the integration of an incipient network management protocol, the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF), within IoT systems based on YANG is presented. The practical realization of this idea requires the implementation of the NETCONF protocol together with REpresentational State Transfer web services (RESTful). Such an interesting and innovative practical realization like this opens new additional possibilities in domotics systems and these possibilities will be discussed in this paper.