Objective. To describe the intrahepatic bile duct transposition (anatomical variation occurring in intrahepatic ducts) and to determine the frequency of this variation. Material and Methods. The researches were performed randomly on 100 livers of adults, both sexes. Main research methods were anatomical macrodissection. As a criterion for determination of variations in some parts of bile tree, we used the classification of Segmentatio hepatis according to Couinaud (1957) according to Terminologia Anatomica, Thieme Stuugart: Federative Committee on Anatomical Terminology, 1988. Results. Intrahepatic transposition of bile ducts was found in two cases (2%), out of total examined cases (100): right-left transposition (right segmental bile duct, originating from the segment VIII, joins the left liver duct-ductus hepaticus sinister) and left-right intrahepatic transposition (left segmental bile duct originating from the segment IV ends in right liver duct-ductus hepaticus dexter). Conclusion. Safety and success in liver transplantation to great extent depends on knowledge of anatomy and some common embryological anomalies in bile tree. Variations in bile tree were found in 24–43% of cases, out of which 1–22% are the variations of intrahepatic bile ducts. Therefore, good knowledge on ductal anatomy enables good planning, safe performance of therapeutic and operative procedures, and decreases the risk of intraoperative and postoperative complications.

AIM To investigate a potential difference in postoperative morphological changes of two-level lumbar disc surgery as compared to one level surgery. METHODS The standard lateral radiographs of lumbar spine obtained preoperatively and postoperatively were used in the study . The morphological study included 60 adult patients of both sexes who had undergone the surgery in the period 2002-2006. The first group comprised patients operated on one level (L4/L5 and L5/ S1), and the second included patients operated on two levels (L3/ L4/L5; L4/L5/S1 and L5/S1/S2). Using lateral radiographs, after digitalization, the height of intervertebral disc space (HD), angle between vertebral bodies (A) and translation (T) were measured. RESULTS Comparing preoperative and postoperative values, statistically significant difference has been found for HD in the first group and HD and A in the second group. In neither groups there was statistically significant difference for T, which is one of radiological signs of segmental instability. The comparison of postoperative values for both groups has not shown any statistically significant difference. CONCLUSIONS The standard lumbar discectomy on two levels has not shown more pronounced morphological changes or changes suggesting an increased risk of segmental instability as compared to one level discectomy.

The study presents a rare case of organised chronic epidural haematoma that imitated a meningioma. A patient was admitted to the Department of Neurology of the Cantonal Hospital Zenica due to loss of consciousness and right hemiparesis. Non-contrast Computed Tomography (CT) scan had shown an expansive intracranial process in the left parietal region which was radiologically diagnosed as a meningioma. During the operation a linear skull fracture and organised chronic epidural haematoma were found.

Summary This research involved 50 patients processed in PZU, »Medicom« Zenica, by the method of MRI-angiography when performing MR of the neck. The way of ramification of the a. carotis externae, that is described in classical anatomy textbooks, where its branches separate as individual branches, is found in 76,6% to 81%, according to the data from the literature available. These data are confirmed by our researches, where presence of this ramification type was found in 84% of the total number of technically accurate MRI angiograms (91 angiogram). In 16% of cases, the branches of a. carotis externae originate as common trunks, or have unusual place of origin (a. carotis communis). A. thyroidea superior in 1,09% originates as common trunk with a. lingualis, but in three cases (3,33%) it originates as common trunk with a. lingualis.

Introduction: clinical examination and surgical procedures require the knowledge of anatomical peculiarities of a complex area such as neck, especially if the anomalies in develoment of vascular system may occur. Aim: to investigate the mutual relation of the initial parts of the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery, as well as the height of crossing of these blood vessels. Patients and methods: we evaluated 50 patients referred to diagnostic center of the PZU „Medicom“ Zenica, by using of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the neck. Results: External carotid artery is placed medially and goes to the frontal side of the internal carotid artery in 90% cases. In 7% of cases the right internal carotid artery is placed laterall from the internal carotid artery. Divergent position, where the internal carotid artery (medially) and the external carotid artery go away from each other, was found in 1% of cases. We also found that the internal carotid artery and external carotid artery cross approximately 3.04 cm above the bifurcation (at right 3.05 cm and at left 3.12 cm) and the height of the crossing varies from 1.3 cm to 4.2 cm (at right 1.3 cm to 4.2 cm, and at left 1.5 cm to 4.1 cm). The height of crossing is symmetric in 18% of cases. Reversal of the position of the external and internal carotid arteries was found in 7% cases. Conclusion: The possibility of an inversed disposition of the internal and external carotid arteries must be held in mind when performing arterial ligatures in the carotid triangle, to avoid damage to the internal carotid artery or haemorrhagic accidents.

An outstanding development of procedures and techniques of vascular, plastic and reconstructive surgery demands the competence on variable anatomy of carotid blood vessels. This paper researched the anatomy of a. thyroideae superior by MR – angiography. It was established that it originates in 87.9% of cases as a separate branch of a.carotis externae, and in 5.47% it originates from a. carotis communis, or from its bifurcation.

This describes the indivisible anastomosis of the main stem of median nerve with ulnar nerve through cubital tunnel followed by the anomaly of ulnar artery that appears as superficial ulnar artery. Both anomalies are found during the anatomical dissection of a grown-up male cadaver, on his right arm. Such case is very rare as, in the literature available to us, it has not been described.