The pronoun en is usually described in the literature as an adverbial pronoun, although the adverbial value is only one of several functions in which it can appear. It is a pronoun whose use is very diverse and complex, which is best seen based on numerous syntactic functions that we will present first in this paper. Then we will emphasize the analysis of examples of its use in the corpus, which includes student works divided into three stages (PI / INT / AH). Our goal is to determine to what extent this pronoun is represented in the mentioned corpus and in which syntactic functions it appears most often, i.e., to what extent students master its use. The analysis will also include those examples in which the use of this pronoun was absent as well as those in which its use is unacceptable.

Although it is most often mentioned in everyday communication only as the official language of France, it is necessary to know that French is one of the world’s largest languages and the official language in 32 countries around the world. This paper aims to point out the presence and importance of French as a polycentric language regarding Belgium. We will present the status of the French language in Belgium and the linguistic and cultural background of the country. We will draw attention to the concept of Francophonie, its meaning, and its role. We will explain why French is considered a polycentric language and analyze how it spreads as such through Belgian Francophonie. In the corpus of some words of Belgian origin from the electronic edition of LEXICOLOGOS, we will show how the vocabulary varies to the same terms used in France.

Given the demands of today’s power systems, the question of the transformer reliability is one of the top priorities. The need for monitoring the performance of transformers is imposed since the beginning of their use. This article aims to analyse the impact of the gases released during breakdowns and energy discharge within the transformer that could accelerate the degradation of the insulation system and gradually lead to major faults and incidents.