Objective : Aim of this study was to retrospectively validate the effectiveness of TIRADS classification in diagnosis of thyroid cancer compared to cytological and pathohistological findings. Methods : This observational, retrospective study included adult patients of both genders who were diagnosed with thyroid cancer and underwent thyroidectomy. The study was conducted at the Clinic for Nuclear medicine and Endocrinology of the Clinical Center University of Sarajevo in the period from June 2018 to November 2018. All patients had ultrasound (US) and TIRADS classification, fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy of the suspected nodules, thyroidectomy and pathohistological (PHD) analysis. TIRADS classification was compared to the results of FNA and PHD findings. Results : A total of 100 nodules (from 76 patients) were included in the study. TIRADS classification showed that there was 1 (1.0%) nodule in TR2 class, 20 (20.0%) nodules in TR3 class, 72 (72.0%) nodules in TR4 class and 7 (7.0%) nodules in TR5 class. Comparing the results of FNA with TIRADS classification showed that there were no malignant nodules in TR2 class, in TR3 class there were 14 (70.0%) malignant nodules, in TR4 class there were 60 (83.3%) malignant nodules and in TR5 all nodules were malignant (7, 100.0%). Comparing the results of PHD with TIRADS classification showed that there were no malignant nodules in TR2 class, in TR3 class there were 17 (85.5%) malignant nodules, in TR4 class there were 71 (98.6%) malignant nodules and in TR5 class there were 7 (100.0%) malignant nodules. Conclusion : TIRADS classification showed valid efficacy in identifying malignant thyroid nodules, although fine needle aspiration remains the most effective method. With continious improvement of TIRADS classification system we can expect decrease in unnecessary thyroid biopsies and an overall improvement of thyroid cancer diagnostics. Keywords : Thyroid Nodule, Ultrasound Imaging, Thyroid Cancer, TIRADS, Risk Classification

Objectives: We hypothesized that serum heart fatty acid binding protein (HFABP) levels could be affected by hypertension in addition to renal impairment in patients on hemodialysis. The aim was to find out possible association between serum HFABP and hypertension in patients treated by hemodialysis. Methods: The cross-sectional study included 72 patients, both gender, age 18-78 years who were recruited from Clinic for Hemodialysis, University Clinical Center Sarajevo. According to Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative criteria for hypertension, patients were distributed into 2 groups: normotensive (HD-N) and hypertensive (HD-H) group. The cardiac biomarker HFABP was measured using ELISA kit Human FABP3 (Elabscience Biotechnology Co.,Ltd), on immunoanalyzer STAT FAX 2100, USA. The kidney functional biomarkers were measured spectrophotometrically using automated analyzer. Results: Serum HFABP level was lower in HD-H group (3.02(1.96-4.13) ng/mL) compared to serum HFABP in HD-N group (3.38(1.98-5.37) ng/mL)(p=0.359). Patients in HD-N group were older and treated by hemodialysis for a longer time than those in HD-H group (p<0.001 and p=0.029, respectively). Conclusion: Serum HFABP level in normotensive patients on hemodialysis is not significantly different compared to hypertensive patients suggesting that heart type fatty acid binding protein might not be significantly affected by hypertension in hemodialysis patients. Keywords: HFABP, hemodialysis, blood pressure, cardiovascular risk

Introduction: Family medicine as a part of the primary health care is devoted to provide continuous and comprehensive health care to the individuals and families regardless of age, gender, types of diseases and affected system or part of the body. Special emphasis in such holistic approach is given to the prevention of diseases and health promotion. Family Medicine is the first step/link between doctors and patients within patients care as well as regular inspections/examinations and follow-up of the health status of healthy people. Most countries aspire to join the European Union and therefore adopting new regulations that are applied in the European Union. Aim: The aim of this study is to present the role and importance of family medicine, or where family medicine is today in 21 Century from the beginning of development in these countries. The study is designed as a descriptive epidemiological study with data from 10 countries of the former Communist bloc, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, Macedonia, Kosovo, Albania, Bulgaria, Romania, Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary, just about half of them are members of the EU. We examined the following variables: socio-organizational indicators, health and educational indicators and health indicators. The data used refer to 2002 and as a source of data are used official data from reference WebPages of family medicine doctors associations, WONCA website (EURACT, EQuiP, EGPRN), WebPages of Bureau of Statistics of the countries where the research was conducted as well as the Ministries of Health. Results: Results indicates that the failures and shortcomings of health care organizations in Southeast Europe. Lack of money hinders the implementation of health care reform in all mentioned countries, the most of them that is more oriented to Bismarck financing system. Problems in the political, legal and economic levels are obstacles for efficient a problem reconstructing health care system toward family medicine and primary prevention interventions. The population is not enough educated for complicated enforcement for and prevention of diseases that have a heavy burden on the budget. Health insurance and payment of health services is often a problem, because the patients must be treated regardless of their insurance coverage and financial situation. The decrease in production and economic growth, as well as low gross national income in the countries with economic crisis, lead to the inability of treatment for a large number of the population. Such situation a system leads to additional debts and loans to healthcare system. Measures implemented for provision of acute curative care largely did not lead to improvements in the health status of the population. Educational and preventive measures, as well as higher standards for quality and accessibility of health care services for entire population in each country, especially those struggling are bound to joining the European Union and their implementation must start. The most A large number of medical institutions are is inefficient in health education and health promotion and must work to educate patients and families and increase the quality of preventive health services. Modernization of health care delivery and joining the European Union by increasing overall economic stability of countries is one of the primary goals of all countries in Southeast Europe.