In every power system there are consumer areas away from traditional power networks. Existing grid expansion

Most power systems in underdeveloped and developing countries are based on conventional power plants, mainly "slow-response" thermal power plants and a certain number of hydro power plants; characterized by inflexible generating portfolios and traditionally designed to meet own electricity needs. Taking into account operational capabilities of conventional power systems, their development planning will face problems with integration of notable amounts of installed capacities in wind power plants (WPP). This is what highlights the purpose of this work and in that sense, here, possible variations of simulated output power from WPP in the 10 minute and hourly time interval, which need to be balanced, are investigated, presented and discussed. Comparative calculations for the amount of installed power in WPP that can be integrated into a certain power system, according to available secondary balancing power amounts, in case of concentrated and dispersed future WPP are given. The stated has been done using a part of the power system of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In the considered example, by planned geographically distributed WPP construction, even up to cca. 74% more in installed power of WPP can be integrated into the power system than in case of geographically concentrated WPP construction, for the same available amount of (secondary) balancing power. These calculations have shown a significant benefit of planned, geographically distributed WPP construction, as an important recommendation for the development planning of conventional power systems, with limited balancing options.

In the past 10 years, very intensive integration of wind power plants (WPP) into power systems worldwide is evident. This phenomenon can have significant impacts on the normal operation of certain power systems. Especially exposed are power systems that do not possess a flexible generation portfolio, where the biggest challenge for power systems with significant amounts of installed capacity in WPP are variations of their output power which need to be balanced. In this paper, possible variations of output power from WPP based on real, measured wind speed data are analyzed. Recommendations for power systems that want to remain/become self-sustaining i.e. independently satisfy consumer needs and enable smooth functioning, in spite of significant amounts of installed capacity in WPP are given. In this sense, some of the characteristics of power systems in the Southeast Europe (SEE) region are presented. Most of these power systems are characterized by dominant electricity generation from "slow-response" generation facilities, such as thermal power plants (TPP) based on coal and nuclear power plants (NPP). On the basis of gained results, a more detailed elaboration of possibilities of integrating WPP into the power system of Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) are done in this paper.

Investigations of electric and magnetic fields on 400 kV transmission lines Tuzla-Visegrad, Sarajevo 10-Sarajevo 20, Tuzla-Ugljevik and 220 kV transmission line Kakanj-Zenica are performed. These transmission lines are important objects for operation of electric power system of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In the paper measurements of extra low frequency (ELF) electric and magnetic fields (EMF) of single 220 and 400 kV overhead transmission lines with flat conductor arrangement but with different horizontal distances between phases and different heights above ground are presented. These electric and magnetic field measurements are also compared with calculations results performed with two software programs (one commercially available and one developed by authors on the base of a solver). Also, in the paper the parameters influencing electric and magnetic fields measurements are investigated.

This paper describes methodology for the computation of the electromagnetic transients in the high voltage substations, taking into account transients on the substation grounding system. Simulation technology is based on the system decomposition. Interconnections between different subsystems are done in each time step using Thevenin equivalents. Frequency dependent impedance of grounding conductors is represented by the parallel combination of resistance-inductance branches, to enable simulation in the time domain. Lightning overvoltage computation is performed for one particular 123 kV high voltage substation.