Appearance of an acute disease by Coxiella burnetii in humans in Bosnia and Herzegovina is very big epidemiological problem because incidence rate is among the highest incidence rates in Europe. Incidence rate of Q fever in Federation Bosnia and Herzegovina was very high during 1998. year 5.68% and the highest in 2000, with 115 diseases with acute clinical form of the disease and incidence rate of 6.95%. The incubation period varied from 9 to 28 days. Real incidence rate because of asymptomatic appearance of the disease is very much higher, at least 40-50 times higher. Chronic infection with Coxiella burnetii has been the most common developed as infectious endocarditis, which is the hardest complication. The researches of mode of transmission Q fever in humans showed that this disease spreads in epidemic and sporadic form in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In the period 1998-2003 year, there were 373 cases of Q fever, among them 265 or 71,05% cases epidemic transmission, and 108 or 28,95% cases sporadic. The research of outbreaks of Q fever showed that appearance of Q fever is statistical significant with risk factors at 266 cases of disease. The mode of transmission in 107 cases was the most probably across inhalation of infected aerosols.

The aim of work was to determine a health accuracy of sheep milk and the final product Travnik cheese, as well as the quality standards of sanitary accuracy. The study was performed on 212 milk samples selected by random choice. The study involved observing the sanitary conditions of sheep milk and cheese production, as well as isolation and identification of causal agents of infective diseases in these products. The results showed the following agents isolated from milk and Travnik cheese: Escherichia coli from 179 samples (84.43%), Proteus spp. from 79 samples (37.26%), Coagulasis-positive Staphylococcus from 89 samples (41.98%) and sulfo-reducing Clostridium from 69 samples (32.54%). It is estimated that the health inaccuracy of Travnik cheese results from unsanitary conditions of sheep milk production, as well as the final product of Travnik cheese.

Infections by Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C viruses, as well as infections caused by microorganisms transmitted through blood, blood products or in any other way, are now reality for all medical workers. This danger is stilll becoming increased for those medial workers who are more exposed in their everyday work to contaminated human blood or other biological materials. Therefore, the health institutions must introduce prevention measures against possible infection, but also the protection procedures to be applied immediately before and after incidental exposition to infectious material. They are especially essential at the occasion of incidental injuries of the persons by medical instruments which had been in the contact with blood. That is why it is obligatory for the employees of the health care institutions to be vaccinated against possible infection by Hepatitis B.

The dialysis setting as a height risk environment for transmission to both patients and health care personnel of blood-born infections, such as hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus We report the results of questionnaries of the frequency of occupational exposure in dialysis units. Among 120 health care workers of dialysis units had 25.02% percutaneous injure or mucous. Introducing of oxidative new virucid dezinficients prevent high risks of spreading of viral hepatitis in dialysis units.

Incidence rate of the harder adverse immunization reactions in the Program of the vaccination children in Federation Bosnia and Herzegovina is similar in the terms of kind and frequency as in the countries with high quality programme of the vaccination. In the period from 2002-2003 year cases of the adverse reactions were not registered, as vaccinal form of polyomyelitis, toxic syndrome or sudden acute deaths. The adverse events following immunization were classified in relation to 100,000 applicated vaccines, the incidence rate of supurative lymphadenitis at BCG vaccination reported are 32@100000, anaphylaxia at MMR vaccination 0.8@100000, DTP vaccination encephalopathy 1@100000 and at TT vaccination anaphylaxia 2@100000 administered vaccines.