Poster: "ECR 2019 / C-3756 / How can we improve prostate cancer detection on MRI – technical, clinical and imaging considerations" by: "I. Kavelj, K. Bolanca, D. Marjan, N. BABIC, D. Zadravec; Zagreb/HR"

Poster: "ECR 2019 / C-3564 / MRI of uterine fibroids: what interventional radiologist expect us to report before and after uterine fibroid embolization" by: "I. Kavelj, L. Novosel, K. Bolanca, N. BABIC, D. Zadravec; Zagreb/HR"

Poster: "ECR 2018 / C-2986 / Percutaneous transthoracic CT guided biopsies – what have we found" by: "I. Kavelj, L. Novosel, N. BABIC, D. Zadravec; Zagreb/HR"

Poster: "ECR 2018 / C-3158 / Buried bumper syndrome: where did that PEG tube go?!" by: "I. Kavelj, N. BABIC, G. Lovrencic-Prpic, D. Zadravec; Zagreb/HR"

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the digestive tract and are generally asymptomatic. A 39-year-old female patient was hospitalized in 2012 at Clinical Department of Internal Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, for a focal hypodense irregular circular lesion located in segment III of the left hepatic lobe, accidentally found by ultrasonography and verified by computed tomography. The findings were also verified with nuclear magnetic resonance and esophagogastroduodenoscopy. A biopsy sample of the lesion was analyzed by histologic and immunohistochemical methods and identified as GIST. The patient underwent surgical operation (tumor excision with terminoterminal anastomosis created between the second segment of duodenum and jejunum and resection of liver segment III). The histopathologic findings matched GIST with a high probability of relapse according to the localization, size, mitotic activity and Ki-67 values. Therefore, therapy with imatinib at a dose of 400 mg/day was administered. Three years after the operation, the patient is still in remission.

A prospective study, which lasted from September 2014 to October 2016, covered the subjects who were examined for various benign tumor changes on the skin. The examinees were divided into 2 groups. The first group A (92 examinees) was composed of the examinees who inhabited a rural area. The second group B (98 examinees) was consisted of examinees who lived in an urban environment. The analyzed examinees gravitate towards rural and urban areas of Banja Luka, Gradiska, Stanari, Prijedor and Teslic in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The aim of this study is to analyze the attitude of examinees from rural and urban areas towards skin tumors. Parameters that were used for comparison of results are: personal attitude to skin tumors and previous skin examinations. There was no statistically significant difference in terms of prejudices among the respondents: that there is no risk of skin cancer, if a person is not exposed to the sun, and/or if changes in the skin are innate, as well as in the number of examinees who said they were not afraid of a skin tumor. In group A the number of examinees that have no opinion about skin tumors is three times higher, while in group B the number of examinees who said that they had a phobia of skin cancer is three times higher. It turned out that regular self-examination of the skin in group A is performed only by 7 (7.6%) examinees, while in group B it is done by 21 (21.5%) examinees, which proved to be statistically significantly different. Occasionally skin examination by a specialist family doctor (and/or a dermatologist) has been performed by 3 (3.3%) examinees of group A and 10 (10.3%) from group B. 4 (4.1%) examinees from group B and no one from group A perform dermoscopic examination occasionally. It was found that regular dermoscopy inspections or skin examinations by a specialist family doctor and/or dermatologist have not been done by any examinees from both analyzed groups. Attitude toward skin tumors of group A is more leisurely (less responsible), so for that group there is a possibility of higher risk degree for late diagnosis of malignant skin tumors.

The prospective study, which lasted from February 2011 to March 2014, included respondents who were referred to computerized dermoscopy due to melanocytic skin tumours. The respondents were divided into 2 groups. The first one, group A, (38 respondents) consisted of respondents who had personally expressed concern about the existing pigment changes on the skin and had desire for examination. The second one, group B, (40 respondents) consisted of respondents that did not come for examination due to changes on the skin, but for other reasons, but suspicious skin lesions were indirectly detected. The aim of this study was to analyse the importance of early suspicion of melanocytic malignant skin tumours by specialists of primary and secondary health care Parameters for comparing the results were respondents' subjective attitude to pigmented skin changes, as well as dermoscopy and / or PH finding. There was no statistically significant difference between groups in terms of respondents' attitudes to pigmented skin lesions, i.e. fear of skin changes, the belief that moles should not be touched (operated on), or that pigment changes that they have since birth are not dangerous. Early suspicion of melanoma in Group B resulted in detection of 4 nodular melanoma and 3 superficial spreading melanoma, while in group A there were no malignant skin lesions, which is a statistically highly significant difference. It was confirmed that early suspected melanoma and referring patients to dermoscopic examination had advantages as working principle in any clinic or any specialty.

The prospective study, which took place from February 2011 to March 2014, included respondents who were sent for computerized dermoscopy because of non-melanocytic skin tumours. Respondents were divided into 2 groups. The first one, group A (45 respondents), consisted of respondents who had expressed concern about the observed changes in the skin and the desire for examination. The second one, group B (50 respondents) were respondents that did not come for examination due to changes on the skin, but for other reasons, so they had indirectly detected suspicious skin lesions. The aim of this study is to analyse the importance of early suspicion of non-melanocytic malignant skin tumours by specialists in primary and secondary health care. Parameters for comparison were respondents' subjective attitude of non-pigment skin lesions and dermoscopy and/or PH findings. It has been shown that changes in the skin that bleed are sometimes highly suspect of NMSC because group A had 5 such cases and NMSC was detected in 4 cases, and group B had 7 respondents with haemorrhage and there were 4 with NMSC. In group B, out of 12 respondents who said that they had found suspicious skin lesions caused by trauma, there were 8 NMSC, while in group A there were 3 cases, which is a statistically significant difference. In group B, out of 16 respondents who claimed that they had had suspicious skin changes dormant for years, NMSC has been proven in 3 cases, and in group A there was not NMSC which is also a statistically significant difference. It was confirmed that the claims of the respondents are unreliable and that all patients should be addressed to computer dermoscopy, in patients with visible changes that arise even a slightest suspicion of NMSC.

Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome by definition consists of two or more endocrinological insufficiencies or two organ specific autoimmune diseases. There are no stringent criteria for endocrinological evaluation of patients with one endocrine insufficiency. However, detailed endocrinological evaluation should be undertaken in patients with two autoimmune diseases. Additionally, follow up thereafter should be a must in these patients in order to avoid the possibility of not diagnosing subsequent autoimmune diseases that can occur. The aim of this case report is to point to the necessity of endocrinological screening to be made in patients presenting with gastric carcinoid type 1. We report on a 62-year-old woman who was diagnosed with primary hypothyroidism in 1993. In 2011, she was re-admitted to the hospital due to increasing fatigue. Macrocytic anemia, low vitamin B12 levels and positive parietal antibodies confirmed pernicious anemia. Furthermore, she underwent gastroscopy, which revealed two polyps in the corpus of the stomach and one in the fornix. Endoscopic mucosal resection was performed and histopathologic analysis confirmed three G1 gastric carcinoids (Ki67 2%). Additional endocrinological evaluation disclosed positive glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies, but normal fasting and postprandial glucose and HbA1c. In 2013, she was diagnosed with glucose intolerance and subsequently with latent autoimmune diabetes of adulthood. Plasma glucose and HbA1c normalized after dietary intervention. Due to the increase of serum chromogranin A, prophylactic antrectomy was performed in 2014. The patient is still followed-up and has normal chromogranin A, gastrin and HbA1c levels.

The prospective study, which ran from January 2010 to January 2015, included the respondents treated for breast carcinoma. The respondents were divided into 3 groups. The first, the A group (63 respopndents), consists of women with (not) completed elementary school. The second, group B (60 resppondents), consists of women who have secondary education, while the third, group C (33 respondents) make women with college or university degrees. The aim is to analyze the impact of the level of education on early diagnosis of breast carcinoma in women. The observed parameters are the age of respondents and the primary risk factors. Parameters for the comparison of the results were: the attitude of the respondents to breast tumors, history of the breast self-examination, breast ultrasound examinations, data on mammography, as well as information on the diameter of the tumor at the moment of the discovery. There was no statistical difference in attitude of respondents about breast tumors when it comes to fear and / or phobia of breast carcinoma. It is almost identical to the number of respondents who have no opinion on breast tumors. Concerning the attitude of respondents that there is no risk of breast carcinoma, if nobody in the family previously had breast carcinoma, then in terms of the attitude that they do not want "their breasts to be explored", as well as the attitude that "any breast examination does not help much", a statistical difference between the studied groups was found. It was found that breast self-examination is performed by most of the respondents, but that patients in group C do it more often. It has been shown that ultrasound and mammography are more often performed by patients in group C and this characteristic makes a significant statistical difference. In Group C, the tumor was detected in diameter to 2 cm which proved statistically different. One of the reasons for early detection of tumors (diameter to 2 cm) in group C may be better enlightenment or a higher level of education of this group.

The prospective study, which ran from January 2011 to January 2015, included the respondents who were treated from various non-tumor breast changes and breast tumors. The respondents were divided into 2 groups. First one, group A (280 respondents), consisted of the respondents who are residing in the rural area. Second one, group B (343 respondents), consisted of the respondents who have residence in urban area. The aim is to analyze the attitude to non-tumor diseases and breast tumors by women of rural and urban environment. The observed parameters are the reasons for coming to the breast examination: palpable formation in the breast, regular examination, breast pain, breast swelling and other changes. Parameters to compare the results were time intervals from the detection of palpable formations to examination. There was no statistically significant difference in inflammatory diseases of the breast, except in the case of breast abscess formation which is more common in the group A. A statistically significant difference among the groups was not found in the incidence of benign and / or malignant tumors of the breast, neither. It turned out that immediately after tumor detection by palpation, 4 patients in group A went to examination the next day. Patients in group B went 3 times more often to examination after a few days of the initial palpation of the tumor than patients in group A. There are much more women in group A who after only one year from the moment of palpable formation came to examination. The number of women, who have come to examination after a few months and / or years, is almost identical. Patients in group A have less responsible attitude towards non-tumor diseases and breast tumors, so it is possible for this group to be in higher degree of risk of late diagnosis of malignant tumors.