The term "nanoleakage" has been introduced to explain a penetration pathway within hybrid layers of the dentin-composite junction in the absence of gap formation. This phenomenon is argued in the literature to be a risk factor for the quality of the dentin bonding. NaOCl is a well-known agent used to remove collagen layers that are exposed after acid etching. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of an NaOCl treatment of dentin to the formation of nanoleakage. Class V cavities were prepared in 40 human molars with the cervical margins located in dentin. After etching with phosphoric acid, 20 samples were treated with 10% NaOCl for 60 s, and 20 samples were used as control. Composite restorations were placed using two different bonding systems. The specimen were exposed in silver nitrate solution and then in developer. After embedding, the teeth were sectioned, dried, coated with gold, and analyzed by SEM. For all the specimen in the control group, backscatter images indicated a silver penetration within the hybrid layer. There was no penetration of silver detectable in the teeth that were treated with NaOCl. We conclude that the removal of the collagen layer by using NaOCl avoids the formation of nanoleakages with the materials tested.

The dentin permeability is defined as a moving of fluid, of chemical substances and microbial products as well through the dentin. The clinical protection of children permanent teeth in other words the protection of pulp-dentin complex after their preparation makes a big problem into the restorative stomatology. Caviner is one of the newer means which is used in the protection of pulp-dentin complex which represents the components of powder dispersing within the ethyl-acetate mixture of polystirol. The important variable in this study is the presence or absence of smearing layer which has the important influence onto the dentin permeability. In order to confirm the Caviner and smearing layer working onto the dentin permeability of the children permanent teeth in vitro experiment was designed. We used for it the dentin disks made of the intact first premolar, extracted because of orthodontic reasons at the ten years old children. They were put into the split chamber which represents a part of apparatus made at our Faculty, which is, in fact, a modified apparatus which was formed by prof. D.H. Pashley (Georgia, USA), and it is used for measuring of dentin permeability with the help of hydraulic conductance (Lp) of dentin. The dentin permeability is expressed by the hydraulic conductance term, but the measures are still expressed as the Lp percentage maximum because of better survey of results. Comparing the obtained results with the other authors results we have come to the similar conclusions, and that is in fact, that the smearing layer significantly reduces the dentin permeability, and that the Caviner, as the other layners, reduces the dentin permeability. If we compare the reduction of dentin permeability at the dentin covered with the smearing layer and with the Caviner, it has been noticed that the smearing layer reduces more significantly. It should be accented that the Caviner reduces the dentin permeability less than the most earlier researched means for the protection of pulp-dentin complex.