Track or road layout in a given geographical area to plan new or improve existing public and/or private transportation systems is a complex problem. Especially today, many parameters have to be considered, and some of them are not obvious. For example, in face of an imminent energy crisis, the energy consumption of a transportation system should be minimized. In general, the resulting layout has to be an adequate compromise of many parameters. This means that there are many possible ways to solve the problem, which quality differs. Consequently, this type of problem implies an explosion of search-space states with raising number of midpoints and/or resolution. In these cases, heuristic search methods have their major advances compared to non-heuristic search methods, which would need time and memory proportional to the search-space size to find the best solution. We explored, in particular, the use of a genetic algorithm, as a representative of the class of evolutionary algorithms. It searches the search-space selectively by focusing on interesting regions, constantly trying to find even better regions while having significantly less memory requirements. The importance of its main parameters, their impact on the performance and the precision of the genetic algorithm are presented in this paper. Guidelines for a good set-up of the genetic algorithm are given in order to gain high efficiency and effectiveness; the encoding of parameters, the build-up of the fitness function, evaluation and reproduction of chromosomes, elitism and convergence affinity as the main engine of genetic algorithms is discussed in detail as are the limits of this approach. The modified and improved simple genetic algorithm to solve the mentioned track-layout problem forms another core part of the paper.

This paper presents application of a fuzzy logic based system to automatically evaluate the maintainability of code. Code evaluation is accomplished by rating its quality provided with bad smells in code as inputs. Straightforward bad smells with existing software metrics tools are selected as inputs: duplicated code, long methods, large classes having a high cyclomatic complexity, or a large number of parameters and temporary fields. Removing these bad smells can result in significant code improvements concerning readability and maintainability. However, the precise definition of attributes like small, long, large or high is not clear, and their identification is rather subjective. Fuzzy logic values are suitable for capturing partial correspondence to attributes and fuzzy rules model have been used to describe the relation between bad smells and code quality. Model supporting the experimental evaluation of the fuzzy based code evaluation is implemented in Java.

The author puts forward a set of assumptions and possible context for examining the connection between the concepts of enlightenment and taste. Kant’s definition of enlightenment is accepted, with special emphasis on the sphere of religion. Applying this criterion, we may discern a powerful and influential religious current stemming from strictly speaking Church circles that denies the systematic and historical significance of the opus of Dositej Obradovic, who in his time was a protagonist of the European enlightenment. Such a revaluation has been accepted by the greater portion of the younger generation, which relies predominantly on the St. Sava Myth. With a change of worldview, undoubtedly, tastes change as well. The next section of the paper discusses the approach to taste of the Scottish philosopher David Hume representative of dispositional aesthetic. Finally it is argued that music as one of the arts, might be exemplary for appraising the condition of enlightenment in a society.

In medical volume visualization, one of the main goals is to reveal clinically relevant details from the CT study by classification of the data, i.e. the coronary arteries, without obscuring them with less significant parts. Usually, the classification is carried out by defining multi-dimensional transfer functions which assign specific visual attributes to the voxels which express the features of interest. Unfortunately, this can become a fairly complex task, generally accomplished by trial and error even for the experienced user. Many sophisticated semi-automatic and automatic approaches for volume classification have been published in the past, which rely either on the overall quality of the rendered image or on a general boundary detection between different materials rather than on an insight as to what makes the transfer function appropriate for a specific feature in the dataset. This paper presents an efficient way for automatic transfer function generation based on neural networks. We describe how to use neural networks to detect distinctive features of the volume data and how this information can be used to provide the user with a semantic view on the automatic data classification.

In histories of Serbian painting Sreten Maric is listed among the protagonists of socialist realism, and that on the basis of a single article - his criticism of an exhibition staged by the Association of Visual Artists of Serbia to the benefit of wounded veterans (the exhibition was opened in Belgrade in late 1944, and the article was published in the Christmas 1945 issue of „Politika“). Without denying the historical basis for this judgment, the author of the present paper pleads for a more nuance approach and propounds the thesis that socialist realism was primarily a complex pattern of social relations, and only in the second place a substantively defined doctrine. On the basis of an insight into the relevant sources it is argued that Maric was not a theorist of socialist realism; on the other hand, an ideologue of social painting he was indeed, believing in a synthesis of Art and Revolution. By way of comparison, the figures of Miroslav Krleža and Georg Lukacs are referred to: neither of the two was a protagonist of socialist realism, though both belonged firmly to the so-called leftist thought.

The text presents the basic theses involved in elaborating the topic of political Thought of French Existentialists in the Works of Yugoslav Praxis-Philosophers. One representative example is briefly analyzed.