Unfortunately on May 14th, 2015 our colleague and friend Assa Reichert lost his battle against his difficult disease. Assa, Reichert, our very long time member of Board and Council of European Federation for Medical Informatics (EFMI), was our a true friend. He devoted to his family, his country, his friends, his profession and EFMI, IMIA and Medical informatics, generally. As Medical informatics expert and scientist he was “elder statesman” (how one of our colleagues defined him) and has been a person with great treasure of warmth and experiences and man carrying a peaceful vision of the world. He would be right person from whom always you can ask some advice for solving some difficult problems or situations. During all EFMI events Assa has showed his true commitment to the Medical Informatics field. Especially he inspiring the young scientists with his always charming, witty and thoughtful remarks. He always supported people who invested their time and efforts to produce himself as a little interface for the ultimate human EFMI network like “Key success-factor” as Jacob Hofdijk mentioned in his memory letter. MIE 2009 Conference in Sarajevo organized by myself Assa promoted and supported by great influence on important decision makers in our country and abroad. Assa Reichert directed the first computer department in the Israel Ministry of Health. He was assistant director of Sheba Medical Centre, the largest in Israel, and VP of COMET, an Israeli-American software house specializing in medical institution management and Electronic Medical Record’s software. He served as consultant to the Ministry of Health. Assa achieved a BA in Life sciences and a MA in Life sciences and Computer sciences from Bar-Ilan University, Israel. Assa served as President of the European Federation for Medical Informatics (EFMI) during a period 20022003, and served as Vice-President of the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) during a period 2004-2005. During STC EFMI Conference in Reykjavik, Iceland, Assa received the medal as Honorary Fellow of EFMI. We will remember him for all his contributions and commitment in the different roles he has held during his time in EFMI. All of us in EFMI and IMIA lost one of prominent personality. His voice and his deep thoughts for best and most reasonable solutions in critical situations during our Council meetings will persist in our minds. His way of discussing about important problems was typical. He was straight, but always in a fair way. The best way to keep his memory is to continue his plans and to follow his example. His “presence” in our minds will not be felt and will touch every EFMI and IMIA friend’s soul and heart. Assa was living on the edge with his dedication to his motorbike and his endless (business) travels around the world, and survived many near miss accidents, always returning with a smile, never complaining, but fight against lung cancer he couldn’t won, unfortunately. Everybody of us will miss his friendship, honesty and his ethos. We will remember Assa with deepest admiration, compassion and desolation.

HEINZ ZEMANEK (1920-2014) Heinz Zemanek was born January 1, 1920 in Vienna, Austria. He was Austrian computer scientist who developed the MAILUFTERL computer, and while director of the IBM Laboratory in Vienna. He directed the development of formal programming language descriptors (1). He studied low-voltage technology at the Technical University of Vienna, and was appointed as an assistant at the Institute for Low-Voltage Technology where he received his PhD in engineering. Heinz Zemanek graduated at Technical University of Vienna in 1944. He earned PhD (Dr. Techn., engineering) at Technical University of Vienna in 1951. He worked as lecturer in Army Communications School and Radar Research, German Army from 1939 till 1945.As assistant professor at Technical University of Vienna he worked from 1947 till 1961. Heinz Zemanek had French Government Scholarship at Sorborne, Ecolé Normale Supérieure, PTT Laboratories in the period of 1948-1949. Also, he was head of MAILUFTERL development team in period from 1955 till 1959. In 1959 he was appointed as an assistant professor of low-frequency communications technology, as an associate professor in 1964, and 20 years later (1984) as a full professor. He was a member of various academies of science and he received an honorary doctorate from several universities. Starting in 1954, he was responsible for the development of the fi rst fully transistorized computer in Europe, the legendary "MAILUFTERL," which is now in the Technical Museum of Vienna. He was the originator of both teaching and research in the area of electronic data processing at the Technical University of Vienna. Along with the rest of the MAILUFTERL team, Zemanek moved to IBM in 1961 to become the developer and director of the Viennese laboratory, with primary work in the area of programming languages and their formal defi nition, especially the programming language PL/I. In 1976 he was awarded the title of IBM fellow and undertook a project entitled "Abstract Architecture." During his career, Zemanek has published more than 400 articles, and authored, coauthored, or edited more than 15 books, ranging from highly specialized journal articles to introductory articles of general interest, philosophical treatises, critical commentaries on the social implications of computers, and historical studies. His presentation about the history of computers in a text-and-picture collage is available in the Technical Museum of Vienna. He has been active in both national and international professional circles, with considerable contributions to IFIP beginning in the year of its founding in 1959, where he represented Austria's interests. He was also responsible for the 1975 founding of the OCG (die Österreichische Computer Gesellschaft) (Austrian Computer Society). Zemanek served as president of both organizations and has been recognized by many high honors and awards. Since 1985 the OCG has awarded the Heinz Zemanek Prize to young (computer) scientists. Heinz Zemanek received a lot of honors and awards: Prize of the NTG, 1960; Goldene Stefan-Ehrenmedaille of Ove, 1969; fellow, IEEE, 1970; fellow, British Computer Society, 1970; President, IFIP, 1971-1974; Wilhelm-Exner-Medaille, 1972; Honorary Life Member, Computer Society of South Africa, 1972; Grosses Ehrenzeichen für Verdienste um die Republic Osterreich, 1974; President, Austrian Computer Society, 1975-1976; Honorary Member, Information Processing Society, Japan, 1975; Honorary Member, Austrian Society for Cybernetic Studies, 1975; IBM Fellow, 1976; Honorary Member, IFIP, 1976; Silvercore Award, IFIP, 1976; Johann Josef Ritter von Prechtl Medal, 1978; Corresponding Member, Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1979; Ordinary Member, Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1984; Corresponding Member, Spanish and Bavarian Academy, 1984; Ordinary Member, Spanish and Bavarian Academy, 1985; Ordinary Member, European Academy, Salzburg, 1984; Computer Pioneer, IEEE Computer Society, 1986; Oskar von Miller Bronze Medal, Deutsches Museum, Munich, 1988. On January 11, 1990, the Austrian Computer Society, the Austrian Society for Electronics (der Österreichische Verband für Elecktrotechnik), and the Technical Museum of Vienna (das Technische Museum Wien) honored Heinz Zemanek, editor and frequent author of the Annals of the History of Computing, on the occasion of his 70th birthday. The celebration at the Technical Museum of Vienna was also the occasion to present the Heinz Zemanek Award to a young Austrian computer scientist.

Introduction: Information Technologies, taking slow steps, have found its application in the teaching process of Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo. Online availability of the teaching content is mainly intended for users of the Bologna process. Aim: The aim was to present the level of use of information technologies at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, comparing two systems, old system and the Bologna process, and to present new ways of improving the teaching process, using information technology. Material and methods: The study included the period from 2012 to 2014, and included 365 students from the old system and the Bologna Process. Study had prospective character. Results: Students of the old system are older than students of the Bologna process. In both systems higher number of female students is significantly present. All students have their own computers, usually using the Office software package and web browsers. Visits of social networks were the most common reason for which they used computers. On question if they know to work with databases, 14.6% of students of the old system responded positively and 26.2% of students of the Bologna process answered the same. Students feel that working with databases is necessary to work in primary health care. On the question of the degree of computerization at the university, there were significant differences between the two systems (p <0.05). When asked about the possibility of using computers at school, there were no significant differences between the two systems. There has been progress of that opportunity from year to year. Students of Bologna process were more interested in the introduction of information technology, than students of old system. 68.7% of students of the Bologna process of generation 2013-2014, and 71.3% of generation 2014-2015, believed that the subject of Medical Informatics, the same or similar name, should be included in the new reform teaching process of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo. Conclusion: Information technologies can help the development of the teaching process, and represent attractive and accessible tool in the process of modernization and progress.

It is my great pleasure to introduce to you this special issue of the journal Materia Socio-Medica on the occasion of the 4th Congress of Nephrology of Bosnia and Herzegovina with international participation that will be held in Sarajevo from 22nd to 25th April 2015. The Association of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation of Bosnia and Herzegovina has organized congress under the auspices of the European Renal Association – European Dialysis and Transplant Association (ERA-EDTA) and the International Society of Nephrology (ISN). This scientific meeting covers the most recent discoveries in the fields of acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dialysis and kidney transplantation. Gathering a large number of national and international nephrologists as well as many distinguished international speakers will certainly contribute to the knowledge transferring and quality of this meeting. There will be more than 200 participants, submitted presentations from more than 20 countries.

Charles Edwin Molnar (1935–1996) was a codeveloper of one of the first minicomputers and a pioneer in cochlear modeling research (1, 2). As a young researcher at the Lincoln Laboratory of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1962, Molnar with another engineer, Wesley A. Clark — led a team of designers in developing the Laboratory Instrument Computer, or LINC. The machine, which was one of the few unclassified projects a the laboratory in the early 60s, was intended for doctors and medical researchers. Although it would be considered of insignificant power compared to modern personal computers, it was a self-contained machine that had a simple operating system and a small display and stored its programs on a magnetic tape. The LINC originated decades before the advent of the personal computer. Its development was the result of a National Institutes of Health (NIH) program that placed 20 copies of an early LINC prototype in selected biomedical research laboratories nationwide. Later, the LINC was produced in greater numbers by Digital Equipment Corp. and other computer manufacturers Molnar received a bachelor’s degree (1956) and a master’s degree (1957) in electrical engineering from Rutgers University, and received a doctoral degree (1966) from MIT in electrical engineering. His dissertation topic was the mechanics of the inner ear and how it translates auditory signals into neural responses. After leaving MIT, he established the Institute for Biomedical Computing at Washington University in St. Louis, where he worked from 1965 until 1995, when he became a senior research fellow at Sun Microsystems in California. Molnar earned a worldwide reputation for his work in selftimed computer system theory, a design approach for ultrafast computers. While the operations of commercial computers are controlled by a single clock, most researchers in the field believe that significant speed breakthroughs await the advent of systems whose components can operate independently. At Sun, Molnar was continuing his work in this area. Molnar was known as an intensely curious researcher whose talents and interests ranged from physiology and bioengineering to electrical engineering and computers, music and furniture building, and hiking and canoeing. He started practice of sending computer programs by cable technology with his colleague Clark. In the 1960s, Molnar and Clark obtained a patent for sending computer programs over cable television lines to communicate data from central computers, which were expensive at the time, to less expensive bed side terminals in intensive-care units. The patent, which is now expired, turned out to be ahead of its time. Some companies are now starting to employ the cable technology, which allows users to send data much faster than by the more common telephone lines. Charlie Molnar was also well known as a pioneer in the modeling of the auditory system, especially numerical models of the function of the cochlea (the inner ear). Before death in 1996, he was working at Sun Microsystems on asynchronous circuits with Ivan Sutherland. He died December 13, 1996 at home, at the age of 61 from the complications of diabetes. After his death, his body was donated to the University of California, San Francisco Medical Center. He will be the most remembered by his pioneer work in making numerical models of cochlea function.

The book “Clinical Aspects of Hemodialysis” contains 19 chapters: 1. Chronic renal disease; 2. Epidemiology; 3. Uremic syndrome; 4. Cardiovascular disease in dialysis patients; 5. Hemodialysis in elderly patients; 6. Mineral-bone disease in hemodialysis patients; 7. Gastrointestinal diseases in dialysis patients; 8. Hepatitis virus infection in patients on chronic dialysis program; 9. Malnutrition in patients on chronic dialysis; 10. Amyloidosis; 11. Neurological complications in dialysis patients; 12. Skin lesions in chronic hemodialysis patients; 13. Pruritus in chronic hemodialysis patients; 14. Pregnancy and chronic renal disease; 15. Ethical problems in dialysis; 16. Psychological preparation of patients for hemodialysis; 17. Nutrition of dialysis patients; 18. Exercises for hemodialysis patients; 19. The general principles of medications dosage in patients with chronic renal disease. This book represents a comprehensive material in the field of advanced renal disease study by the most contemporary approach. The book clearly and systematically elucidated factors for occurrence kidney disease as well as their distribution and frequency of occurrence in this population. In current elaboration of this problem the authors suggest that there is no tissue and organ system that cannot be affected by changes, or the final consequences, i.e. terminal renal impairment. In a meaningful and clear manner are presented the problems of cardiovascular diseases in hemodialysis which are the leading cause of death in this group of patients. Because of the high incidence of these diseases Cardionephrology is being developed as a separate medical discipline. All other important aspects of uremic syndrome events in certain systems of human pathology are described and explained in this book. Separately are presented the directions for resolving the dilemmas in hemodialysis among elderly patients, the problems of malnutrition, inflammation, pregnancy, ethical problems and problems of patient’s rehabilitation and physical exercises. All terms in the text are aligned in the presentation of these issues with the regulations of European and global recommendations for the overall management of patients on hemodialysis. Book chapters are written systematically and transparently, their contents are clear and written in understandable manner, accompanied by the most current data from the world literature in this field. Literature is listed at the end of each chapter. Text is by its content designed and innovated with new essential material from the world’s leading recommendations for monitoring patients on hemodialysis. The authors of the book, using their rich scientific and expert experience, created the content and presented the recommended guidelines in their own way and make it appropriate and acceptable for experts in this field of medicine, as well as all other common specialty, family physicians whose task is to identify as early as possible the potential kidney disease patients and send them for treatment at higher or inpatient levels of health care. The book is both a textbook for students in all three cycles of study by the Bologna concept of education, because it was written by a multidisciplinary team of experts and content of the described chapters in the book may be of assistance to specialists and residents from all fields of internal medicine, as well as resuscitation medicine, vascular surgery and infectious diseases. By retrieval of the contents of this book in biomedical databases, in particular aspect of the approach to solving the current problem of hemodialysis patients in clinical practice, especially in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which is described in this book - textbook, I came to the conclusion that this approach is somewhat unique and therefore is attractive and instructive and it should be used in practice for more efficient treatment of hemodialysis patients. Sarajevo, March 2015

Introduction: At the moment at Medical Faculty, University of Sarajevo, simultaneously exist two systems of teaching process, the old (pre-Bologna) and Bologna process. Goal: To show efficiency and justification of use of Bologna process at Medical Faculty, University of Sarajevo, through the prism of actual beneficiaries of this process, students, assessment of quality of medical education, and comparison of results of the teaching process evaluation between students studying according to the Bologna process and the old system. Materials and Methods: The study included period from 2012 to 2014, and had prospective character. Students of final (sixth) year were included, the last three generations of pre-Bologna, and three generations of the Bologna process, which completed their studies successfully. The study included 365 students (177 under the old system and 188 under the Bologna process), who had answered prepared questionnaire. Results: The presence of large number of female students, in both systems is significant. There were significant differences in opinion of students regarding the quality of space for administration and labor administration, informatization of the teaching process, the opinion of the objectivity of teachers in the assessment of the examination, and on-line access to their content. (p <0.05). Discussion: The Bologna process, with all its guidelines, was never to the maximum implemented in the teaching faculties, mostly because of the lack of funds and infrastructure that couldn’t fully comply with all the privileges of the Bologna process. Conclusion: Bologna process on this principle, has brought mediocrity, of which we have tried to escape. New school year, brings, and the new Bologna process, a new curriculum, a large number of new classes, systematization of the material, with simultaneous correction necessary in one hand in teaching, and in other hand in students themselves.

Significant role in how they played, and Jews Sephardim who came to Bosnia from Spain and Portugal in the late 15th and early 16th centuries. It is those were the first owners of districts–Shop herbs or pharmacy. Along with them were developed and Muslim attars, who founded and attars marketplace in Sarajevo. Experience and knowledge in the domain of medicine and healing practiced by old Bosnian Sephardim been acquired for centuries, is now mainly found on the shelves.

Introduction: A meta-analysis is a statistical and analytical method which combines and synthesizes different independent studies and integrates their results into one common result. Goal: Analysis of the journals “Medical Archives”, “Materia Socio Medica” and “Acta Informatica Medica”, which are located in the most eminent indexed databases of the biomedical milieu. Material and methods: The study has retrospective and descriptive character, and included the period of the calendar year 2014. Study included six editions of all three journals (total of 18 journals). Results: In this period was published a total of 291 articles (in the “Medical Archives” 110, “Materia Socio Medica” 97, and in “Acta Informatica Medica” 84). The largest number of articles was original articles. Small numbers have been published as professional, review articles and case reports. Clinical events were most common in the first two journals, while in the journal “Acta Informatica Medica” belonged to the field of medical informatics, as part of pre-clinical medical disciplines. Articles are usually required period of fifty to fifty nine days for review. Articles were received from four continents, mostly from Europe. The authors are most often from the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina, then Iran, Kosovo and Macedonia. Conclusion: The number of articles published each year is increasing, with greater participation of authors from different continents and abroad. Clinical medical disciplines are the most common, with the broader spectrum of topics and with a growing number of original articles. Greater support of the wider scientific community is needed for further development of all three of the aforementioned journals.

CORMACK ALLAN (1924-1998) Allan MacLeod Cormack (February 23, 1924 – May 7, 1998) was born in Johannesburg, South Africa, the son of George and Amelia, a civil service engineer and a teacher respectively, who had emigrated from Scotland to South Africa prior to World War I (1). At the University of Cape Town, South Africa, Cormack chose the field of engineering, but two years later he changed his major to physics, completing a baccalaureate of science in 1944. He remained at the University of Cape Town, completing a Master of Science degree in the field of crystallography in 1945. During the years that followed,Cormack became a lecturer in physics at the University of Cape Town and pursued graduate studies in the field of theoretical physics for two years at Cambridge University in England. In 1950 Cormack returned to South Africa from Cambridge and during this period he was asked to serve a sixmonth service as resident medical physicist in the radiology department in Cape Town, where he supervised the use of radioisotopes as well as the calibration of film badges used to measure hospital workers’ exposure to radiation. At Groote Schuur, Cormack witnessed first hand how radiation was being used in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients. Baffled by deficiencies in the technology used for such procedures, Cormack began a series of experiments and analyses, the results of which were two papers published separately between 1963 and 1964 in the Journal of Applied Physics . Between 1956 and 1964, most of his research in connection with the development of computerized axial tomography was conducted on his own time. Neither of his two Journal of Applied Physics papers met with significant response, despite the fact that they proved the feasibility of his method for producing images of heretofore non visible or barely visible cross sections of the human body. Hounsfield was independently coming to conclusions similar to Cormack’s, and developed the first CAT scanner as early as 1972. In 1979 Cormack and Hounsfield were awarded the Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine for their joint, though independent, development of CAT scan theory and technology. Unlike previous Nobel recipients, neither Cormack nor Hounsfield held a doctorate in medicine or science; further, their discovery was awarded the prize only after the Nobel Assembly voted the first choice of the selection committee; and, finally, it was highly unusual that the two men had never met or worked together, yet had worked on the same invention concurrently. In 1990, as one of several scientists receiving the National Medal of Science, Cormack was recognized by President George Bush. Cormack is a member of the National Academy of Science and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and is a fellow of the American Physical Society. Cormack died of cancer in Massachusetts at age 74. He was posthumously awarded the Order of Mapungubwe for outstanding achievements as a scientist and for co-inventing the CT scanner.

“Medical Archives” was founded in 1947 as a professional journal of the “AssSociation of Physicians of Bosnia and Herzegovina”. First Editorial Board consists of academicians: Vladimir Cavka, Editor-in-Chief, Blagoje Kovacevic, Bogdan Zimonjic and Ibro Brkic, members of the Editorial Board. Till today in Editorial Boards of Medical Archives were included over 300 medical doctors from almost every medical disciplines and from all parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and also from abroad (1). During past was continuously has published 68 volumes of the journal, in average 4-6 issues per one volume. Last ten years journal is published bi-monthly. Till now in Medical Archives was published over 5000 articles. Most of them were original papers from all medical disciplines. “Medical Archives” is now indexed in the following databases: PubMed/MedLine (from 1972, abstracted in this bases more than 5.500 journals), PubMed Central (from 2013), and from the year 2009 in databases: Excerpta Medica/EMBASE, Scopus, Scirus, EBSCO, DOAJ, Index Copernicus, Ulrich’s Periodicals Directory, Geneva Foundation for Medical Education and Research–GFMER, HINARI, ProQuest, NewJour, SCImago Journal & Country Rank, ISC Master List Journals, CrossRef, Google Scholar, Genamics JournalSeek, WorldCat, VINITI of RAS, Research Gate, Catalyst, ScopeMed, SafetyLit, BioinfoBank Library, PubGet, GetCited, CIRRIE, Kubon and Sagner OPAC. H index of the “Medical Archives” is 11 for 2013 (www.scimagojr.com), which represents the largest citation index journals of one journal in the biomedical field on the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2), and since 2013, with full-text articles at PubMed Central (Figure 1) (the most prominent database of biomedical literature, which contains more than 4.5 million articles). Figure 1 “Medical Archives” in PubMed Central database During calendar year 2014 in Medical Archives was published 110 articles in 6 issues (3). The largest number of articles was original articles. Small number has been published as professional and review articles, and case reports. Each issue contained the texts such as: news, book reviews, in memoriam and guidelines (both professional and educational). In the journal “Medical Archives” number of articles published during last three years is approximately the same (Figure 2), between 100 and 120, but with statistically significant variations in article types (χ2=15.332). Figure 2 “Medical Archives” in the period 2012-2014 In the journal “Medical Archives” during the last three years were most common articles in the field of clinical medicine. There has been an upward trend in the number of articles in the field of preclinical medicine (Figure 3) but without significant difference in the observed period (χ2=7.761; p=0.185). Figure 3 Field in which are published articles in the journal “Medical Archives” in the period 2012-2014 From the clinical medical field over the past three years, in the journal “Medical Archives” were usually presented articles of general internal and surgical disciplines (Figure 4). There has been an increase in the number Article in the field of family medicine and dermatovenerology, but without statistically significant difference (χ2=27.847; p=0.064). Figure 4 Representation of clinical disciplines in the journal “Medical Archives” in the period 2012-2014 Preclinical medicine in the journal “Medical Archives” was most often represented by the articles in the field of pharmacology and biochemistry. In 2014, in the journal were present also articles in the field of medical informatics (Figure 5) but without significant differences between observed years (χ2=11.35; p=0.182). Figure 5 Representation of preclinical disciplines in the journal “Medical Archives” in the period 2012-2014 By exploring and analyzing the selected theme, the author of this Editorial came to the following conclusions (3, 4): The number of articles published each year is increasing, with a larger number of authors from many countries and four continents (usually Europe); Rejecting rate is more than 40 %; There is a trend to join forces in terms of regional cooperation when writing articles; The most common are the original articles; The areas of clinical medicine are still the most common in journals (number of articles in the field of radiology, gynecology and ophthalmology are increasing); Preclinical disciplines were most often represented within the articles in the field of medical informatics; Most reviewers of articles are from Bosnia and Herzegovina, but there is also a considerable number from abroad (from more than 20 countries); The most common period which is necessary for the review was between fifty and fifty nine days; Most authors are from the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina (more than 50 %) During 2014 we discovered only 3 cases of Plagiarism (one case from Bosnia and Herzegovina and two from Egypt) (3).

Peter Leo Reichertz (1930 - 1987) was a physician and uni-versity professor in the fi eld of medical computer science.He studied physics, mathematics and medicine at the dif-ferent universities throughout the Europe, in universities of Gottingen, Koln, Geneva, Munich and Bonn. During that period he persuaded PhD and directed himself toward in-ternal medicine. His main scientifi c activity in this period was in the fi eld of cardiology.The experiences in practice and the emerging possibili-ties of data processing have convinced him of the importance of computer science in medicine and made him a pioneer of medical computer science. His path led him in time from 1966 to 1969 to USA at the University of Texas and the University of Missouri. There Reichertz Peter led the radiological com-puter research was responsible in a project to create a medical information system in the hospital worked and was director of a general university computer center.In 1969 he returned to Germany and took over the Depart-ment of Medical computer science at the Medical School of Hannover, which he designed from the ground up. From that Hannover was one of the centers of medical computer sci-ence, nationally and internationally.Peter Reichertz ambition was to reject the medical com-puter science closely to the core computer science and to create an understanding of the problems and possibilities of each other’s discipline and bring a discussion. The means to do so were joint meetings with the Society for computer science and GMDS to an Advanced Course in Medical Informatics. The external sign is that of him initiated certifi cate ‘Medical Informatics’, which is awarded jointly by the GMDS and GI. From 1975 to 1988 he was also a lecturer at the Technical University of Braunschweig.He was 1976/1977 President of the GMDS, co-founder of the IMIA (International Med-ical Informatics Association) and EFMI (European Federa-tion for Medical Informatics), as its fi rst president. His work on the international level, the term ‘Medical Informatics’ and its contents signifi cantly aff ected.In his honour, Peter L. Reichertz Instituts fur Med-izinische Informatik was formed in 2007. It was founded by the Technical University Carolo-Wilhelmina on two locations, in Braunschweig and Hannover. Founding goal was the formation of a regional cluster of excellence.Interesting facts!• He spoke English as his second mother tongue, French and Japanese.• He held a pilot licence for passenger transport.• He initiated the use of term „ medical informatics“.

Introduction: Pedobarography as a new diagnostic tool enables measuring the pressure between the foot and the floor during dynamic loading. Dynamic analysis of the foot shows advantage over static analysis due to its capabilities for detecting high load points in certain diseases and in certain phases of walking. Pedobarography as a new method in the context of rehabilitation include wide range of clinical entities. Goal: To show the advantages of pedobarography as new diagnostic and rehabilitation method in prevention programs. Material and methods: A prospective study included 100 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Research was conducted in the Primary Health Care Center of the Sarajevo Canton and the Center for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. The test parameters were: Test of balance–symmetric load for the test, the number of comorbidity, clinical examination of foot deformity, test with 10 g monofilament, HbA1c. From the total sample 45 patients (Group I) were selected, aged 50-65 years, which underwent pedobarography (on the appliance Novel Inc., Munich with EMED™ platform) and robotic fabrication of individual orthopedic insoles, followed by control pedobarography. Plantar pressure was determined using standard pedobarography, computer recorded parameters: peak pressure (kPa), force (Ns), area (cm). Results: The average age of the respondents was 59.4±11.38 years; altered results on the balance test were present in 34% of patients; 61% of respondents have ≤2 comorbidity. In the total sample, the average number of foot deformity was 2.84. Flat feet have 66% of respondents, and valgus position 57%. The average HbA1c values were 7.783±1.58% (min.5–max.15.0). All subjects (45) after the first, and after the second measurement of peak pressure, have values above 200 kPa, or are in the designated zone of peak pressure that needs to be corrected. In a study was determined the correlation between the number of deformities and peak pressure, the number of deformities and the area upon which plantar pressure act, test with 10g monofilament and peak pressure. Conclusion: Within the framework of prevention programs early diagnosis, detection of sensitivity disorders, adequate treatment and taking load from the feet with the help of pedobarography, are of great importance for the patient suffering from diabetes

Family Medicine as an independent medical discipline is relatively young in the countries of Southeast Europe. Still are used the old models of all forms of education in this module, although most countries accepted Bologna undergraduate teaching concept and already implement it with greater or lesser success. Measuring the effects of the qualities of these concepts and models is not done systematically nor in uniform manner, so it could not be compared by the unique variables measuring the quality of education curricula, and especially the quality of education level of the graduates at the first, second and third degree courses and other forms of education. This paper provides a comparative overview of the state of education in the area of family medicine in the region. It creates comparison according to the study duration for undergraduate and postgraduate studies, doctoral studies and specialized studies in specified areas. What stand out are the proposals to improve education in the field of family medicine in the region.

EUPHA unique value EUPHA has a unique position in the field of public health in Europe. It is the largest network of public health professionals and covers nearly all countries of Europe, as defined by the WHO Regional Office for Europe. EUPHA has an excellent reputation of being a strong, independent and broad sciencebased network. EUPHA has the obligation to use this unique position to the fullest extent and this second EUPHA strategy for the period 2014-2020 aims to do just that by combining support to our members with representation of our members at European and global level. (1)