The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of the mnemonic keyword method, which is one of the vocabulary learning strategies, plus the context method on L2 vocabulary learning of 8th graders in comparison with rote rehearsal plus the context method. Forty-five Turkish L1 learners of English as a foreign language with the same level of English proficiency in two intact classes at Konya Abidin Saniye Ercal secondary school were randomly assigned as the mnemonic keyword group and the L1 translation group. Before the instruction period a multiple choice vocabulary test, which was developed by the researchers, was given as the pre-test and after the instruction period, which lasted 3 week, the same test was given as the posttest. The results of the statistical analysis conducted using the t-test on the SPSS 18 revealed that the difference between the two groups’ scores was statistically significant in favor of the experimental group, which employed the mnemonic keyword method combined with the context method.

CO2 laser cutting of low alloy steel sheets is considered and the effect of cutting speed and material thickness on the kerf width and the surface roughness is examined. It is found that the surface roughness decreases by increasing cutting speed while the kerf width changes slightly with increasing cutting speed. Also the results show that the surface roughness and the kerf width increase by increasing material thickness while the cutting speed decreases by increasing material thickness.

Original scientific paper Machining system VBS was constructed and built at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Sarajevo, for investigations of the phenomena in high speed milling. Since the requests for high speeds and accelerations of the main spindles and the transmitters for the feed motions require specific design and mechatronic solutions, this paper presents the selection of optimal design variety of components integrated in machining system VBS. The investigation of the effect of the cutting parameters on the cutting forces during high speed face milling (range of cutting speed from 750 m/min to 3000 m/min) was conducted on the machining system VBS. Investigations were carried out on hardened alloy steel EN 10083-3 (41Cr4). The results show that cutting force FR decreases by increasing cutting speed. Also the investigations show that the feed per tooth has significant effect upon the values of cutting forces. This paper further presents the mathematical model for calculating cutting force in high speed cutting. Experimental results are compared with calculation results.

Selcuk University School of Foreign Language, Konya, (TURKEY) E-mails: arifbakla@yahoo.com, ahmetcekic42@hotmail.com, onurkoksalmeb@hotmail.com DOI: 10.7813/2075-4124.2013/5-1/B.1 ABSTRACT Survey research is a challenging and time-consuming process, but current technology offers educational researchers ample opportunities to design and administer time-efficient surveys. With the help of ubiquitous web-based technologies, it is now possible to design and administer a full-length survey on an online platform at no cost at all. The use of such open-source software or free web services makes it possible to design web surveys which are virtually impossible for the non-expert to design and publish online through coding oriented web design software. This study aims to get to the basics of efficiently designed and scientifically validated surveys. It basically discusses various significant points related to survey methodology such as web-based survey design, sampling, data analysis, validation and ethical issues. Key words: Survey design/administration, web-based surveys, survey sampling and validation 1. INTRODUCTION Web-based surveys have traditionally been used in market research, but recently they are also seen in social and educational research. However, most educational researchers seem to have fallen behind technological developments in web survey design and administration because they have little or no information about how to construct and administer scientifically valid and reliable surveys by using web technologies. Still worse than that, they have no awareness of such opportunities. A brief overview of electronic survey methodology might help these researchers consider designing and administering electronic surveys to carry out educational research. Web-based surveys are highly effective if they are designed and administered in scientifically proper ways. Though it might be challenging for those who lack computer literacy to construct web-based surveys, collecting data from participants in different geographical locations is relatively easy when compared with traditional surveys and transferring the collected data into data analysis software is highly time efficient and error free. Though there are significant differences between web-based surveys and their traditional counterparts in terms of such issues as delivery, cost, integration of multimedia elements, etc., both traditional and web-based surveys make it necessary to pay attention to item construction, sampling, validation and administration processes. This paper aiming to explore some basic aspects of web-based surveys is organized into several sections beginning with the basis of survey methodology and electronic surveys. Building upon the background information, the researchers discuss some critical issues such as sampling, representativeness, validation and ethical considerations. 2. BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY Although some censuses were carried out in the ancient world by authorities to explore some aspects of economic and military life, more scientific-like attempts were made in the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries by Graunt (1666) and Laplace (1812). Basically calculating average numbers, English merchant John Graunt tried to count the number of people in London based on the data he gained from a specific area. Then, he generalized his findings to the whole population. The problem with his approach was that taking averages may not give the same results across time and space. A similar attempt made by Laplace (1812) was to find out the population of France. He used central limit theorem, but he made a sampling error since he failed to use random sampling; he instead used cluster sampling (cited in Bethelem, 2009, p. 6). At the end of the nineteenth century, a statistician named Anders Kiaer introduced his Representative Method, and later in 1906 Bowley put forward random sampling method, which enabled him to reach normal distribution through randomly selected samples (Bethelem, 2009, pp. 7-8). His idea formed the basis of scientific sampling methods in survey research. A survey is a solution to many of the problems of a census. In other words, it is a shortcut to the data gathered through a census which involves all members of a given population. Unlike censuses, surveys collect information about only a small part of the population to eliminate problems related to high cost and time (Bethelem, 2009). Bethelem also has the following to say about the seemingly magic side of survey research:

This study aims to find out whether or not speakers‟ accents used in educational materials make any difference in the improvement of Turkish elementary EFL learners‟ listening skills. With this aim in mind, 40 students from two classes at Selcuk University were divided into two groups as American English group (n=20) and British English group (n=20). The students in both groups were given the listening parts of the London Test of English (Level 2) both in General American (GA) Accent and in the Received Pronunciation (RP) accent as pretests. Following that, the students in American English (AE) group studied the American version of Longman English Interactive Online for 20 hours, and the students in British English (BE) group studied the British version of Longman English Interactive Online for 20 hours. After this on-line instruction period, the students in both groups were given the listening part of the London Test of English in GA and RP accents. The results revealed statistically significant differences in favor of General American accent.

Transmissive quarterwave retardation plates have been successfully fabricated recently using birefringent thin films (~3 μm thick) obtained by oblique-incidence deposition of metal oxides on glass slides.1 The desired retardance is acquired in one-way transmission through the film at normal incidence and the effect of (incoherent) multiple-beam interference was apparently negligible. In this paper light interference in a birefringent thin film deposited on a reflecting (typically metallic) substrate for normally incident coherent illumination is considered. The object is to design birefringent mirrors that function as quarterwave and halfwave retarders in normal-incidence reflection. For a given substrate at a given wavelength, the constraint on the birefringence, average refractive index, and thickness of the film so that quarterwave or halfwave retardation is attained at normal incidence is determined. A 2-D Newton-Raphson method is utilized to find all possible solutions. The sensitivity of a given design (i.e., the deviation from exact quarterwave or halfwave retardation) is calculated for given perturbations of the film parameters.