Introduction: Lung cancer is often a malignant disease and one of the leading causes of death. It hes been the most common malignant disease in male population for years and has also become more frequent in fe male population. Health care and emotional support to these patients is of considerable inportance. If one of the family members is diagnosed with this disease, the family often experience problems overcomeing and understanding their own reactions in that situation. The aim of this study was to investigate to which extend the patients are informed about their disease.the awareness of patients about their disease, as well as to examine how wich family members are willing to support a sick member of their family. Methods: The study included patients suffering from lung cancer who were admitted to the Oncology Department of the University Clinical Centre in Foca for chemotherapy. After the end of the treatment patients were discharged to home health care treatment. During the home visits, patients and familiy members were interviewed. The sample consisted of N = 18 patients, and N = 18 their family members who cared for the patient at home. Patients were interviewed by means of anonymous questionnaire, and the results are displayed graphically. Results: The results showed that the respondents were quite well informed about their disease, although it sometimes happened that they did not sufficiently understand well enough given information. Half of the respondents (50% of them) were not adequately informed about the side effects of chemotherapy. Two-thirds (78%) of the family members were willing to support a sick family member, and even up to 34% of them where reluctant to seek help from health professionals. Conclusion: It is believed that knowledge and information on the character and severity of the disease significantly contribute to easier acceptance of the diagnosis and encourage the patient to active participation in their own treatment. Since the health care of lung cancer sufferers is complex , nurses should be educated enough keeping pace with technological development (diagnostics, therapy, emotional support, health education, work integration and reintegration of the patient in the corresponding group and environment).

Contemporary societies are facing high increase of population over 65 years of age within the total population. It is a result of lifespan extension, advances in medicine and science in general, improvement of quality of life, etc. [1]. The elderly represent a vulnerable population group whose needs are numerous, diverse and highly specific. Health, social and economic needs of this category are intertwined and mutually connected as a whole, which requires specific approaches and adjustment of work in family medicine to these needs. High incidence of chronic and degenerative diseases leads to progressive decrease of functional skills in physical, psychological, but also in all other aspects of life [2, 3]. University of East Sarajevo, Bosnia and Hercegovina Original study Faculty of Medicine, Foča, Republic of Srpska1 Originalni naučni rad UDK 616-001-084-053.9:613.98 https://doi.org/10.2298/MPNS1710277P

A prefix (a category of an affix) added in front of the radix or the base make together one unit, determining the significance or grammatical function of the word. Our intention is to research the verbs with psychiatric or psychological characteristics made with the Croatian prefixes po and pri in the determined linguistic types. One linguistic material (issue) of the speech of the eastern part of the Croatian Ravni Kotari region (one of the types of the Croatian štokavska ikavica dialect), which had before been collected by brothers Alojz and Eduard Pavlović, was used for this research. The first verbs with the Croatian prefixes po and pri with psychiatric or psychological characteristics were separated and after that sorted in the determined groups. The results were shown in one table and one schedule, and were analysed using the descriptive method. The 107 verbs were recorded (50 with the Croatian prefix po and 57 with the Croatian prefix pri), which indicates a similar representation of the verbs of the state and the verbs of movement. At the end, we will discuss whether principles of thecognitive linguistic science should be more used in psychiatric or psychological researches, especially in the time while our standard language has been in the certain process of devastation, and our dialects or our regional and local speeches have been disappearing.

IMPORTANCE The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines both recommend lipid-lowering treatment for primary prevention based on global risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, randomized clinical trials (RCTs) for statin use have included participants with specific risk-factor profiles. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the overlap between the ACC/AHA and ESC guideline recommendations and available evidence from RCTs for statin use in primary prevention of CVD. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS We calculated the 10-year risk for hard atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) following the ACC/AHA guideline, 10-year risk of CVD mortality following the ESC guideline, and we determined eligibility for each of 10 major RCTs for primary prevention of CVD. Conducted from July 2014 to August 2015, this study included 7279 individuals free of CVD, aged 45 to 75 years, examined between 1997 and 2008 for the Rotterdam Study, a prospective population-based cohort. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Proportions of individuals qualifying for lipid-lowering treatment per guidelines, proportions of individuals eligible for any of the 10 RCTs, overlap between these groups, and corresponding ASCVD incidence rates. RESULTS Of the 7279 individuals included in the study, 58.2% were women (n = 4238) and had a mean (SD) age of 61.1 (6.9) years. The ACC/AHA guidelines would recommend statin initiation in 4284 participants (58.9%), while the ESC guidelines would in 2399 participants (33.0%) (overlapping by 95.8% with ACC/AHA). A total of 3857 participants (53.0%) met eligibility criteria for at least 1 RCT. Recommendations from both guidelines and trial evidence overlapped for 1546 participants (21.2%), who were at high risk for ASCVD (21.5 per 1000 person-years). A further 1703 participants (23.4%) would be recommended for statins by the guidelines in the absence of direct trial evidence, while 1176 (16.2%) would have been eligible for at least 1 trial without being recommended statin treatment by any guideline. Finally, 1719 participants (23.6%) would not be recommended a statin, nor would qualify for any of the trials. These individuals had low incidence of ASCVD (3.3 per 1000 person-years). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Based on this European population study, ACC/AHA and ESC prevention guidelines often did not align at the individual level. However, for one-fifth of the general population, guidelines on both sides of the Atlantic recommend statin initiation, with trial data supporting the efficacy. There should be no controversy about providing optimal preventive medication to these individuals.

Demencija je progresivna bolest koja dovodi do gubitka mentalnih sposobnosti, što rezultira promjenom memorije, te gubitka socijalnih sposobnosti. Demencija nastaje zbog stanja koja izazivaju promjenu mišljenja, pamćenje, zaključivanje i govor. Demencija je postala sve učestalija, a može se otkriti već u srednjim godinama iako je u starosti mnogo češća. Pozitivna veza između ishrane i nastanka mentalnih poremećaja ogleda se i u jakoj korelaciji između unosa rafinisanog šećera i smanjenja stava svijesti oboljelih od šizofrenije i nastanka depresije. Mentalne promjene u toku starenja i postepeno odvajanje od aktivnog društvenog života, obično se emotivno odražavaju u prvoj fazi starenja bjekstvom u hranu, a u drugoj fazi poslije 75. godine apatijom, kada i hrana gubi svoju privlačnost. Demencije predstavljaju jedan od najznačajnijih savremenih javnozdravstvenih problema. Dugotrajan nutritivni deficit u ishrani povezuje se sa depresivnim raspoloženjem, anksioznošću i kongnitivnim propadanjem.

Introduction: The 2013 ACC/AHA and the 2012 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines recommend lipid-lowering treatment for primary prevention based on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Randomized clinical trials for statin use in primary prevention, however, included participants with specific risk factor profiles. Hypothesis: For most individuals in the general population recommended for primary prevention of CVD with statins direct trial evidence is available. Evidence of benefit may be available for persons currently not recommended treatment. Methods: We used data from 8925 participants (57% women), aged 45-79, free of CVD from the population-based Rotterdam Study to compare treatment recommendations by the ACC/AHA and ESC guidelines, with eligibility for any of 10 major statin trials. Results: The ACC/AHA guidelines recommend statin use in 3196 (83.2%) men and 2611 (51.4%) women; the ESC guidelines in 1992 (51.8%) men and 1702 (33.4%) women (95.3% overlap with ACC/AHA). A total of 2243 (58.4%) men and 2438 (48.0%) women met the eligibility criteria for at the least one trial. Guideline recommendations and trial eligibility overlapped for 2245 (25.2%) participants (Figure). A total of 2480 (27.8%) participants would be considered for statin initiation solely by the ACC/AHA and/or ESC guidelines, while 1180 (13.2%) would have been eligible for at the least one trial and would not be recommended for statin therapy based on the guidelines (Figure). Correspondence of guideline recommendations with trial eligibility varied greatly by trial, with virtual complete alignment for trials done in individuals with diabetes, while for trials done in individuals with hypercholesterolemia alignment was poor. Conclusions: For the majority of persons recommended for lipid-lowering therapy in primary prevention, efficacy of statins has been established. Statins have been proven efficacious in many persons currently not recommended for treatment.

Young people, according to UN defiiniciji, represent the future of every society and they are the most profitable long-term investmentEach year, approximately 1 million teenage girls become pregnant in the world, and every 67 seconds a baby teenager In the adolescent period a large number of young people start with alcohol, coffee, psychotropic substances and smoking. The reasons are most often the desire to prove, identification, affirmation sekusalnog identity, curiosity for the new and unknown. The aim of the study was to examine the knowledge, attitudes and knowledge of adolescents about the use of psychoactive substances, alcohol and tobacco, as well as to identify ways in which young people use their free time.  The survey was conducted in April 2015, in primary and Secondary School in Foca. The survey included 212 respondents, of different genders and different age groups. Data were collected original survey questionnaire, anonymous character, which contains 14 questions. Both groups of patients in a large percentage stated that they did not try psychoactive substances, as the most common reason for drug use both cited as the main reason for the influence of society. Although sexual activity is still taboo in the RS, alarming data that 19% of ninth grade students sexually active, and to limit entry into sexual relations increasingly lowered. Young in primary and secondary school state that they are sufficiently informed of psychoactive substances, as the most frequent source of information for high school state TV and the Internet, and ninth grade students report that they are parents. In this time of adventure and immature display of defiance social and social norms, young people are very vulnerable group subject to acceptance of various forms of risk behavior.

Introduction: It is very difficult to describe how the patient feels at first contact with the hospital environment, medical personnel and medical diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. He was usually upset at first contact since carries with it suspense and feers, due to illnes, but also because of the new situation. Will the first meeting to encourage patients and create confidence and sureness or, derogate and hurt his personality, depends on these first impressions. The aim: The aim is to exemine react to hospitalization, analyze what is to attitude of hospital personnel towards patients, and investigate which patients are proposals to improve the conditions and procedure for hospitalization. Methods: The study was conducted at University Hospital in Foca, period October-November, 2014. The study included 50patients who are being treated at the University Hospital in Foca, in the section of Internal Medicine. The research used an anonymous questionnaire, and the results are graphically presented. Results: Two-thirds of respondents reacted very well to the hospitalization. Asked about their impressions on the first meeting with the medical personnel, 94% of respondents expressed a positive opinion, while 6% of respondents characterized their first meeting as negative. Conclusion: Generally, this study yilded the following results which can be characterized as positive, but we must strive to be better and try to patients satisfaction with the services and attitude of health worker, made at the highest level.

Predmet diplomskog rada je jezicna slika vremena. Jezicnu sliku vremena cine opisi određenih atmosferskih pojava i stanja. Cilj rada je prikazati obilježja vremena i izdvojenih vremenskih pojava, te nacin na koji se ta obilježja opisuju u jeziku. Rad pretpostavlja da jezicnu sliku vremena grade razlicita obilježja kojima se opisuje pozitivan i negativan utjecaj vremena. U istraživanju je kao metoda koristena usporedna jezicna analiza slike vremena, koja je opisana u meteoroloskim i lingvistickim rjecnicima na poljskome i hrvatskome jeziku, s jezicnim potvrdnicama koje se nalaze u korpusu dnevnih novina na poljskom i hrvatskom jeziku.