Introduction: Newborn screening (NBS) is a system of organized search in the entire neonatal population for specific diseases. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, two diseases are included in NBS, congenital hypothyroidism (CH), and phenylketonuria. The screening for CH is based on determination of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in blood obtained by heel prick method. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of NBS program for CH based on TSH and establish the mean age of diagnosis of CH.Methods: TSH was measured by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (DELFIA Neonatal hTSH kit). The TSH cutoff value was 9 μU/mL. Neonates with TSH < 9 μU/mL had a negative NBS result. Neonates with TSH ≥ 9 μU/mL were recalled for a confirmation test and thyroid hormones were determined from venous blood to establish diagnosis of CH.Results: A total of 24,351 neonates were subjected to NBS in our institution. A total of 164 newborns with TSH ≥ 9 μU/ml were sent to additional testing (mean recall rate of 0.68%) at a mean age of 11.4 ± 0.5 days of life. In this group, diagnosis of CH was confirmed in 22 neonates (13.41%). The mean rate of false positive results of NBS was 0.59%. The incidence of CH in Sarajevo Canton ranged from 1/2477 in 2018 to 1/641 in 2020. The mean incidence of CH over a 5-year period was 1/1085, while the mean age at the time of diagnosis was 16.5 ± 1.2 days.Conclusion: The analysis of NBS on congenital hypothyroidism data showed the satisfactory recall and false positive rate and indicated well selected TSH cutoff value. The mean age at the time of diagnosis assures early treatment and good neurological outcome in neonates with CH.

Introduction: Hygiene of removable dentures can not be separated from oral hygiene. Removable dentures persist in mouth for up to 16 hours every day. Inadequately cleaned dentures with lots of plaque accumulated, can compromise health status of mucosa and remaining teeth. It can lead to stomatitis protetica, candidiasis and periodontitis. Aim of the research was to investigate habits of 65+ old patients, regarding the method and frequency of cleaning their dentures, to investigate substances used for cleaning and to investigate frequency and causes for dental visits. Materials and methods: Questionnaire was presented to 61 patient who were 65 or older, and have removable dentures. Results: 82% of the patients interviewed is cleaning their dentures at least twice daily.93% of them is using the mechanical method of cleaning the dentures. 86% is using a toothpaste for cleaning, 52% is keeping the dentures in clean water when it is not in the mouth, 48% is using cleaning tablets. 57% of interviewed patients is wearing dentures at night. 48% of them reported that they have never been instructed from their dentists on how to clean their dentures. 36% of them goes to the dentist only when have some emergency problem. Conclusion: The patients had limited knowledge about prosthetic- and oral hygiene, and they rarely visited dentist. The data collected provided an insight on habits of patients and pointed to the need of greater involvement in prosthetic hygiene promotion and in better informing of the patients.

Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia (PA) results in hypoxic damage to almost all organs, kidneys being most frequently (40%) affected. Objectives: was to determine the incidence of acute renal failure (ARF) in term neonates with PA and to correlate it with severity of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Materials and methods: This prospective study of 54 term neonates with PA was performed in tertiary level neonatal intensive care unit at Pediatric Clinic Sarajevo from June 2014 to June 2016. The severe PA was defined as 5. minute Apgar score < 3 and moderate PA as 5. minute Apgar score 4-6. Criteria adopted for ARF were serum creatinine > 1.5 mg/dl (> 133 micromol/L) on 3rd day of life or urine output < 0.5 ml/kg/hr for > 6 hrs beyond 24 hrs of life. Results. Out of 54 neonates with PA, 22 (40.74%) had ARF. Most of them (63.6%) had non-oliguric ARF with mean renal output of 2.2 ± 0.5 ml/kg/h. Eight neonates (36.4%) had oliguric ARF with mean renal output of 0.35 ± 0.6 ml/kg/h. Most of the neonates with oliguric ARF (63.4%) had severe PAwhile in those with non-oliguric ARF moderate PA was predominant. ARF was highest in the neonates with HIE III (85.71 %) (Figure 1). This showed that as HIE stage progressed, more renal dysfunction was seen in asphyxiated babies and this difference in incidence was found statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusions. Neonates with severe PA had more frequent ARF and the predominant type of renal involvement was non oliguric. Neonates with HIE stage II and III had significantly higher incidence of ARF.