Gender equality is a democratic and civilizational standard, and mechanisms to implement gender mainstreaming have been established in many countries around the world, including Bosnia and Herzegovina. International mechanisms and women's civil society organizations are the main carriers of these changes, but the real impact of gender mainstreaming depends on the ability of institutions and the commitment of policy makers to move gender from the margins to the center in setting public policy at all levels of government. Unfortunately, across globally, the norm and practice diverge, especially at the local level. In the countries of the Western Balkans, these problems are even more pronounced and insufficiently articulated in academic research. Therefore, this paper analyzes the results of a survey conducted in local communities in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research included an analysis of legal provisions at the local level and interviews with relevant stakeholders (women activists and members of local equality commissions). The analysis shows that gender equality is addressed in a fragmented and inconsistent manner, that it is not adequately addressed in local documents, and that local gender mechanisms (commissions for gender equality) have been formed to fulfill a formal obligation. In communities with no profiled women's organizations, the situation is even worse when it comes to the possibility of monitoring and improving the work of these mechanisms.

In post-conflict societies internal demarcation is based on tradition, religion, and heterosexual family values and within this frame sexual citizenship is considered ?as ideology? and as a threat to society imposed from outside. At the same time the influence and importance of international norms and changes in the standard of international politics and the emerging culture of human rights cause conflict between inside and outside, national sovereignty and universal human rights. This conflict is not specific only to stabilocracy and hybrid systems, but the omnipresent illogicality of a closed system of citizen-ship. Following the Butler?s observation that ?conjuncture of street and media constitutes a very contemporary version of the public sphere? (2011: 9), media textual and visual reports about Pride Parade in Belgrade and Sarajevo were analysed. In the analysis focus is on the borders of citizenship within the patriarchal matrix of nation-state confronted with the present bodies on the streets. The analysed textual and visual media reports confirm a hierarchisation of urban public space formed by national history and its material structures.

Gender equality is a crucial issue for the 21st century society, which implies the responsibility of universities to critically review the current situation, identify social circumstances in which education takes place, and creatively design ways in which they can change social reality. Considering the imperatives of gender-inclusive education, this research is focused on the problem of horizontal gender segregation and its reflection on vertical segregation. The examination starts with insight into the general situation in higher education institutions in BiH to pay special attention to the field of social sciences at the University of Sarajevo. Based on the meta-analysis of available secondary data, the analysis primarily determines the 'diversity index' in this area, and identifies the specifics of scientific fields and the differences between them.

This article examines women's activism and feminism in Bosnia and Herzegovina, focusing on marginalised women's groups and organisations that are often excluded from academic research and international donor interests. The theoretical section presents the main characteristics of the development of women's organisations in post-war BIH, addressing the problem of NGO-isation of activism and feminism, which marginalises groups of women and organisations that do not belong to prominent liberal feminist organisations that pursue gender mainstreaming. Qualitative research based on in-depth interviews and analysis shows that these organisations mostly focus on the local level to meet diverse, specific, and sometimes urgent needs of women (e.g., Roma women, rural women, impoverished as well as women in small local communities) facing particular challenges while doing so. Although most of them do not clearly profess a feminist identity, they are aware of the patriarchal context, especially in their local communities, and their interpretations are mostly in line with the feminist ethics of care. However, the lack of organisational capacity, sustainable funding, and a clear feminist agenda in their work undermine their critical potential to be triggers for social change.

multilateral policy spaces. Let us not forget that on the twentieth anniversary of UNSCR 1325 last year, Russia proposed a draft resolution to the UNSC that, if passed, would have seriously diluted the hard-won advances of the past two decades. The resistance to the agenda, notably by antifeminist regional and transnational coalitions, is certainly one of the most serious threats that the WPS community is facing today. In the form of a conversation between Joy Onyesoh, Madeleine Rees, and Catia Cecilia Confortini – all affiliated with the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF) – the last chapter tackles the question of co-optation and how feminist advocacy has a role to play in confronting this challenge. To conclude, while this cutting-edge volume fulfills its promise, the “new directions” referred to in the title could have been more explicitly defined and discussed; its contributions could have been more clearly highlighted with the addition of a conclusion bringing together the insights of the 14 chapters. New Directions in Women, Peace and Security nonetheless offers a remarkable and accessible overview of the current theoretical debates in the field, as well as the future research avenues and policy challenges of the constantly evolving WPS agenda.

U ovom radu ponudit će se rodna analiza potreba i mogućih pravaca reforme izbornog zakonodavstva Bosne i Hercegovine. Fokus rada će biti na tri centralna istraživačka pitanja. Prvo, analizirat će se u kojoj mjeri i na koji način konsocijacijski politički sistemi o(ne)mogućavaju predstavljanje žena u politici. Pri tome će se u obzir uzeti različite dimenzije predstavljanja (formalno, deskriptivno, sadržajno i simbolično predstavljanje). Drugo, analizirat će se da li je Izborni zakon Bosne i Hercegovine usklađen sa Zakonom o ravnopravnosti spolova Bosne i Hercegovine. I treće, ispitivat će se u kojem pravcu se trebaju i mogu odvijati reforme izbornog zakonodavstva BiH. U tom kontekstu biće predstavljene i preporuke CEDAW komiteta i različite rodno odgovorne inicijative za reforme izbornog zakonodavstva koje dolaze kako od institucija nadležnih za rodnu ravnopravnost, tako i iz sfere civilnog društva.

The theoretical legacy of Zygmunt Bauman is an inexhaustible source of inspiration for sociological analysis, particularly bearing in mind the scope of his work and the diverse range of modern day problems that this British-Polish author dealt with. The first part of this article examines the question of personal identity in liquid modernity, which is the starting point of Bauman’s work. Similar to some other authors, Bauman discusses the paradox of the individual who is not free in an individualized society. Bauman’s diagnosis carries pessimistic features which in some places correspond to insights developed in classical sociology. Bauman makes occasional and sporadic incursions into the pitfalls of conservative thought, particularly in relation to the dichotomies of individual versus community, individualism versus togetherness, and egoism versus solidarity. However, it seems that the author manages to skilfully avoid the inherent theoretical traps of sociology, turning towards cosmopolitan theory. The second part of this article presents the thesis that Bauman’s thought is in fact cosmopolitan, especially bearing in mind his final public appearances and writings. This argument is based in his description of global society that is simultaneously integrating and developing, and dramatically disintegrating and regressing. Bauman writes about violent killings and expulsions of people in the 21st century and their inability to find refuge in the Western and democratic world that promotes human rights. Recalling the crucial cosmopolitan principles of solidarity and hospitality, Bauman makes an appeal to progressive forces to consolidate and work on opening and reaffirming the “cosmopolitan condition” of contemporary society.

The theoretical legacy of Zygmunt Bauman is an inexhaustible source of inspiration for sociological analysis, particularly bearing in mind the scope of his work and the diverse range of modern day problems that this British-Polish author dealt with. The first part of this article examines the question of personal identity in liquid modernity, which is the starting point of Bauman’s work. Similar to some other authors, Bauman discusses the paradox of the individual who is not free in an individualized society. Bauman’s diagnosis carries pessimistic features which in some places correspond to insights developed in classical sociology. Bauman makes occasional and sporadic incursions into the pitfalls of conservative thought, particularly in relation to the dichotomies of individual versus community, individualism versus togetherness, and egoism versus solidarity. However, it seems that the author manages to skilfully avoid the inherent theoretical traps of sociology, turning towards cosmopolitan theory. The second part of this article presents the thesis that Bauman’s thought is in fact cosmopolitan, especially bearing in mind his final public appearances and writings. This argument is based in his description of global society that is simultaneously integrating and developing, and dramatically disintegrating and regressing. Bauman writes about violent killings and expulsions of people in the 21st century and their inability to find refuge in the Western and democratic world that promotes human 1 Doctor of Sociological Sciences, assistant professor, valida.repovac.niksic@fpn.unsa.ba 2 Doctor of Sociological Sciences, assistant professor, a.zdralovic@pfsa.unsa.ba