Abstract Unfounded—conspiracy and health—beliefs about COVID-19 have accompanied the pandemic worldwide. Here, we examined cross-nationally the structure and correlates of these beliefs with an 8-item scale, using a multigroup confirmatory factor analysis. We obtained a two-factor model of unfounded (conspiracy and health) beliefs with good internal structure (average CFI = 0.98, RMSEA = 0.05, SRMR = 0.04), but a high correlation between the two factors (average latent factor correlation = 0.57). This model was replicable across 50 countries (total N = 13,579), as evidenced by metric invariance between countries (CFI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.06, SRMS = 0.07) as well as scalar invariance across genders (CFI = 0.98, RMSEA = 0.04, SRMS = 0.03) and educational levels (CFI = 0.98, RMSEA = 0.04, SRMS = 0.03). Also, lower levels of education, more fear of COVID-19, and more cynicism were weakly associated with stronger conspiracy and health beliefs. The study contributes to knowledge about the structure of unfounded beliefs, and reveals the potential relevance of affective (i.e., fear of COVID-19) and cognitive (i.e., cynicism) factors along with demographics, in endorsing such beliefs. In summary, we obtained cross-cultural evidence for the distinctiveness of unfounded conspiracy and health beliefs about COVID-19 in terms of their structure and correlates.

The aim of this study is to investigate the determinants of Germany's OFDI in the last 21 years on the set of top ten Germany’s OFDI destination (United States of America, United Kingdom, China, France, Poland, Mexico, India, Turkey, Spain and Russia (Russian Federation)) by using panel data analysis. The research revealed that Germany’s OFDI are driven by market seeking motives (FDI vertical), and also highlighting the importance of the stable political environment, attractive tax environment, more trade openness, and stable macroeconomic environment of the top ten Germany’s partners for attractiveness of the Germany’s OFDI. It indicates that openness of an economy is statistically significant in attracting FDI.

OBJECTIVES The Dark Triad traits (i.e., narcissism, psychopathy, Machiavellianism) capture individual differences in aversive personality to complement work on other taxonomies, such as the Big Five traits. However, the literature on the Dark Triad traits relies mostly on samples from English-speaking (i.e., Westernized) countries. We broadened the scope of this literature by sampling from a wider array of countries. METHOD We drew on data from 49 countries (N = 11,723; 65.8% female; AgeMean = 21.53) to examine how an extensive net of country-level variables in economic status (e.g., Human Development Index), social relations (e.g., gender equality), political orientations (e.g., democracy), and cultural values (e.g., embeddedness) relate to country-level rates of the Dark Triad traits, as well as variance in the magnitude of sex differences in them. RESULTS Narcissism was especially sensitive to country-level variables. Countries with more embedded and hierarchical cultural systems were more narcissistic. Also, sex differences in narcissism were larger in more developed societies: Women were less likely to be narcissistic in developed (vs. less developed) countries. CONCLUSIONS We discuss the results based on evolutionary and social role models of personality and sex differences. That higher country-level narcissism was more common in less developed countries, whereas sex differences in narcissism were larger in more developed countries, is more consistent with evolutionary than social role models.

After 21 post-war years Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) found itself in a “middle-income trap”. It is not classified into low income countries because workers and citizens do not accept low wages and low standard of living, nor does it fit into high income countries because those workers do not produce sophisticated products that ensure competitiveness, export and the basis for high wages and the standard of living. The development vision of BiH is to become a high income country. However, the state has neither suitable strategy nor policy.This paper represents a detailed research of multifaceted secondary sources (i.e. journal articles, government publications, internet sources, etc.), conducted in a cross-sectional time manner. By utilizing secondary sources of data we conducted our own calculations based on data from the World Bank, the Central Bank of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina.We hold that key sectors which would provide return to pre-crisis GDP growthrate of 6-7 percent per year, should be: financial system, diaspora and digitalizationof industry (with the introduction of suitable strategies and policies), each of whichwould contribute to GDP growth of two percent per year. The key agents of changeshould be the leaders of value chains (large-scale companies), cities-regions, gazellecompanies (fast growing small and medium size companies) and micro digital companies.

Innovation is the process of transforming the idea into its practical application. Innovation and invention are two different concepts. The criterion by which we distinguish innovation and inventiveness refers to the connection between the practical and the commercial aspect. In essence, innovation consists of a theoretical concept, technical invention and commercial exploitation. An implicit feature of innovation is that it must be useful. This distinguishes innovation from the invention, which has no practical application. This revised work deals with numerous secondary sources of information, such as the Internet, books, as well as statistical reports on innovation and the countries of the EU, America, Canada, and OECD countries; He studied a number of professional articles, manuals, master theses, doctoral dissertations, etc. Satisfied patient is the goal of all our innovative healthcare activities. The main topic of the discussion is whether innovation is a process or result? Innovation management applies to all types and forms of innovation and innovative processes. In conclusion, a constant change for the better, which improves the health and satisfaction of patients, reduces health care costs, is an imperative for every serious health institution. Pluralistic approaches and ratings show that the quality of health services has a different meaning for patients clients, health workers and managers. It is possible to innovate if we fully understand the nature of the challenges we face and if we manage to mobilize human resources for the necessary changes.

In competitive advantage terminology, the value is the amount, which the buyer is willing to pay for what the organizations offer to him/her. The value is measured by the total revenue. Organization is profitable if it the value it creates exceeds the costs involved in the creation of its products/services. Innovations that we use today, in the near future will be replaced by the completely new ones. Particular number of individual psychological factors has been studied in connection with resistance to the organizational innovation. For health care organizations in F.B&H, the obstacles in introduction of innovation, are very often political party disagreements, especially when the suggestions for innovations are coming from those who do not hold the political power. Health care is very complex and open macro-system with special importance for society. Health care system is composed of large number of its subsystems (micro-systems). Value and quality of any socio-system is being estimated by the degree of functioning of its components and system as the whole. Unfortunately, today in F.B&H entity, besides few honorable examples, we have a problem with a low and disharmonized complementary health care level, with lack of health care staff and system fragmentation. The ultilization of the modern innovation models, in which all must be included, from changing the patients' and health care workers' mindset, legislation, insurance funds and managers of health care institutions, can be the beginning point in improving the current situation.

In most countries, the system of paper documents (medical records) still largely provides information vital to the delivery of health care. Huge savings are possible by the introduction of electronic medical record (EMR). This electronic record can easily detect and eliminate errors. We regard that the EMR will be one of the priorities of innovation in healthcare in the entity of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (F.B&H). Using the method of stratified random sample we surveyed 313 participants, 52 of which, were managers of health care organizations (OZZ) in F.B&H. A retrospective-perspective search of available literature in the field of innovation in healthcare and empirical research of management innovation was conducted. The aim was to gather information on the level of innovative activity and the application of EMR in the health care system.

Aim: The main aim of this research was to determine the influence of socioeconomic status and residence/living conditions on the status of oral health (e.g. health of mouth and teeth) in primary school students residing in Canton Central Bosnia. Methods: The study was designed as a cross-sectional study. Our research included two-phased stratified random sample of 804 participants. The quantitative research method and newly designed survey instrument were utilized in order to provide data on the oral health of the examined children. The alternate hypothesis foresaw that “there were significant statistical differences between the levels of incidence of dental caries in comparison to the incidence in children of different socioeconomic status. Results: The Chi square () of 22.814, degree of freedom (Df) = 8, coefficient of contingency of 0.163 and T-test (Stat) of–0.18334 showed that there were no significant statistical differences at p < 0.05 level between the primary school children from urban and rural areas. The obtained results showed that the caries indexes in elementary schools in Central Bosnia Canton were fairly uniform. Research showed that there were a difference in the attitudes towards a regular dental visits, which correlated with social-educational structure of the children's’ families. Conclusion: According to the results, we can see that the socioeconomic status of patients had an effect on the occurrence of dental caries and oral hygiene in patients in relation to the rural and urban areas, because we can see that by the number of respondents, the greater unemployment of parents in both, rural and urban areas, caused a host of other factors, which were, either, directly or indirectly connected with the development of caries.