This study analyzes the possibilities of preserving the form and renovating the historic mosque with a wooden porch and minaret, based on the Osman Cehaja Mosque in Tuzla as an example. The research is based on direct observation of property over several decades and a comparison of formal qualities with other relevant structures of a similar type and period. Except for its foundation, no information is available on its past or potential interventions. It is only reasonable to assert that it was originally covered with a wood shake. It is assumed that its appearance has not changed since the early twentieth century, based on a common memory. The mosque was renovated four years ago. Analysis of the previous and current appearances showed that the complete renovation did not compromise its form. In this respect, it is feasible to renovate the mahalle mosque with a wooden porch and minaret while preserving its historical character. More challenging cases may necessitate more extensive investigation, planning, and experience.

At the beginning of the 20th century, more than a thousand mosques originating from the Ottoman period (1463-1878) were recorded in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Some estimates point that the number currently is much smaller. The goal of this study is to establish a typological classification of historical forms that were developed in more than four centuries. The diversity of patterns comes from the mixed influences ranging from the developed Ottoman style to the local material conditions and regional building traditions. This study used a qualitative evaluation of many characteristic examples to identify prevalent features that point to different types and subtypes of mosques. The evaluation of various examples used both firsthand observation and the written sources that are readily available. Thirty-six historical domed mosques were founded in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and their architecture is essentially a reflection of the architectural pattern predominantly from the 16th-century classical repertoire. However, a significantly higher proportion of mosques have sloping roofs where they strongly suggest domestic influences. The paper defines distinctive roofed mosque types where common characteristics predominate. Certain variations from the standard show a clear need for flexibility, adaptability, or improvisation. The study shows that the fundamental concept of the Turkish single-unit mosque, which was developed in Anatolia beginning in the 12th century, underwent a broad interpretation in Bosnia and Herzegovina throughout the Ottoman period, as evidenced by a variety of distinct types of roofed mosques.

The renovation of historic buildings carries a potential risk concerning the preservation or restoration of their original or earlier form and appearance. This study examines the seven historic mosques in Tuzla, and the impact of the latest interventions on their original form and appearance. At least twelve mosques existed in (Donja) Tuzla at the end of the 16th century, of which seven are still extant. Rare records testify to their foundation, maintenance, or fire damage. On the other hand, no documents on their early renovations or alterations are available. It is, however, certain that repairs, renovations, and possibly alterations were typical in the past because of deteriorating construction materials and for other reasons. The oldest records of these mosques mostly date from the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The work is based on many years of observation of the mosques’ architecture together with changes that have subsequently occurred, as well as available references and information concerning their past. The study shows that the interventions that have been carried out have had various outcomes, including both successful restorations of previous forms and renovations that alter earlier known designs.

The architecture of the contemporary mosque is a popular form of self-expression in Muslim communities. Many societies, including Bosnia and Herzegovina, are divided over the mosque-style dilemma. Today's understanding of mosque architecture is quite varied. Some architects, as well as the vast majority of Muslims, believe that new mosques should always be modeled after popular historic styles. A smaller number of architects and others see the mosque as a modern concept devoid of the past. Yet the number of modern designs in newly constructed mosques is significantly lower. Given that the sources of Islam do not contain strict instructions on mosque design, there is no reason to design a mosque today in the styles of the past. The architectural vocabulary of a contemporary mosque should express the present while adhering to universal Islamic principles. In that sense, contemporary architectural language will best express the cultural identity of Muslim communities. A contemporary mosque, on the other hand, will emphasize the fundamental values of Islamic architectural history in this way.

Among the many mosques from the Ottoman period in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the most numerous are modest and predominantly wooden mosques covered by a hip roof with an integrated wooden minaret. Although they originate in the long tradition of Turkish single-space mosques, their appearance and construction represent the expression of Bosnian autochthonous architecture. They were mostly built for the needs of the neighborhood (mahala) in smaller and larger towns, but also in rural areas. Due to the perishable materials and various other reasons, they had been renovated several times so changes in appearance were in some cases quite certain. These structures have been insufficiently researched and very few valuable publications are available so far. Qualitative analysis of significant examples, in addition to the common features by which these mosques differ from large monumental mosques, differences in the spatial concept, as well as the construction of individual elements, were observed. Concerning the shape of the entrance, these mosques have four characteristic solutions: a mosque with a porch, with a porch and a gallery, without a porch, and with a closed vestibule. The analysis also showed that the two mahala mosques in Tuzla had a specific gallery form that deviated from the typical solution. These galleries are extended over the porch on three sides by the application of ingenious carpentry solutions and covered with elongated eaves. In addition, this study showed that thanks to available sources, it was possible to re-establish the original form of the two mosques, which had since been altered.

The mosque with wooden minaret, porch and hip roof, represents the authentic building type which had been built on a large number through four centuries of the Ottoman period in Bosnia and Herzegovina (1463–1878). These structures were constructed using locally available materials and construction techniques, all done by domestic builders. Sometimes numerous, small neighbourhood (mahalle) mosques constantly decay and disappear in last hundred years, as a result of incompetent appraisal and maintenance, violent or deliberate demolition, and also unacceptable intentions to build a new, larger and more ‘modern’ mosque in place of an old one. This study aims to analyse four small neighbourhood mosques in the Tuzla region, dating back to the 16th and early 17th century, in terms of the authenticity of form, method of construction, similarity and differences with other matching examples in Bosnia, as well as problems and possibilities of their restoration, today’s use and proper maintenance. Džindijska and Mejdanska mosque in Tuzla town, Atik mosque in Cive, and Džebarska mosque, belong to a single space type with a two-story porch, both under the wooden pitched roof with integrated wooden minaret. After being worn out and with an altered look, the restoration works had given them back previous, more authentic form. As a valuable symbol of the cultural identity and continuity, this autochthonous mosque type can be preserved with sustainable methods and principles of the restoration, with due respect of the contemporary context, values and users’ needs. Key words: mosque with wooden minaret, mosque restoration, two-story wooden porch, Džindijska mosque, Mejdanska mosque, Atik mosque in Cive, Džebarska mosque, Tuzla

The paper explains main characteristics of existing Ottoman monuments in several Balkan countries. Ottoman architectural activity in the Balkan provinces largely reflected architectural styles founded in the principal centers of the Ottoman Empire. A few buildings were designed by the principal architects of the Empire. Traces of local diversity can be found in the designs together with certain variations in building typology, which reflect prevailing social and environmental conditions as well as local traditions, building technique and materials. Among the remaining monuments of urban environments, besides bridges, hans , hammams , and other building types, mosques largely witness a long and rich architectural Ottoman past. Concerning the typology of a mosque, mostly a single–domed type with a three–bay portico and slender minaret was the common model throughout the Balkans from the 16 th to 18 th century. Today this model still remains in the eyes of many Muslim communities and individuals the ideal model of an Islamic place of worship. The twentieth century, however, has revealed a divergence in approach to the mosque design. While numerous mosques in some Balkan countries are designed on the populist vision of the Ottoman model, a growing number of architects seek to develop a contemporary idiom in mosque design as an appropriate expression of Muslim societies.

Industrial heritage has a great importance in development of tourism of Tuzla Canton because this is a region which had well developed industry in the past. Major part of this industry has been destroyed and now can be used for touristic purposes Besides this function, industrial plants can be used for development of culture, education, etc., and we already have such positive examples in wealthier European countries. The aim of the survey was to examine the opinion of tourist agencies, which are providers of tourist services, on further development of tourism in the region of Tuzla Canton, with special emphasis on industrial tourism, because tourist agencies are one of the key factors in creation of tourism development. Methods used for data collecting, processing and analysis are: historical, descriptive, comparative, case study, survey (SPSS version 20). Elements that need improving and further development are highlighted. The research results can help the tourist destination management, in this case TC, but also all segments of the tourism industry of TC, improve their offer and communication with a potential tourism market.

Tuzla Canton (TC) has experienced a certain economic transformation and gradually started turning from an industrial region into a region of tertiary and quaternary activities, also notable in the strategic documents of the Canton. The present research was conducted during the years 2012 and 2013 with the aim of determining the attitudes of employees in the tourism sector of TC regarding the condition, i.e. the prospects of TC tourism. In July of 2012, using a structured questionnaire, persons employed in travel agencies and TC hotels were surveyed in relation to the following issues: what is, in their own opinion, the determining factor for a tourist in choosing a tour package in TC as a destination; how would they assess the tourist’s motives for choosing TC as a destination; how would they characterize (assess) the value factors of the TC tourist offer. The conducted research indicates that employees in the tourism industry have formed perceptions of TC as a tourist destination: it is a destination where tourists feel pleasant and happy to stay at; it has outstanding natural attractions, a welcoming environment and solid accommodation and catering potentials. However, elements that need improving and further development are highlighted as well. Methods used for collecting, processing and analyzing data are: historical, descriptive, comparative. Frequency analysis was conducted using the SPSS statistical program (version 20). The research results can help the tourist destination management, in this case TC, but also all segments of the tourism industry of TC, improve their offer and communication with a potential tourism market.